1、第十七章 反意疑问句反意疑问句也称为附加疑问句，是一种常用口语的疑问句形式，由前后两部分组成。第一部分提出一种看法，第二部分用来质疑或证实。若前一部分为肯定式，后一部分一般用否定式；若前一部分为否定式，后一部分一般用肯定式。第一节 陈述句部分的主语与疑问句部分的主语一致的情况一、陈述句部分为系动词、助动词、情态动词时的反意疑问句形式当陈述句部分为系动词、助动词、情态动词时，疑问部分要重复这些动词。例如：He is the best student in our class, isnt he? 他是我们班最好的学生，不是吗？They havent know the news, have they
2、? 他们还不知道这个消息，是不是？You can win the game, cant you? 你们能够赢得这场比赛，是不是？二、陈述句部分的时态要与反意疑问句部分的时态一致当陈述句部分为现在式、反意疑问句部分也应用现在式；陈述句部分为过去式、疑问句部分也应用过去式；陈述句部分为将来式，疑问句部分也应用将来式等等。例如：Those old people often take part in various activities, dont they?那些老人经常参加各种各样的活动，是不是？He didnt attend the meeting, did he? 他没有参加那个会，对吧？Tho
3、se old people often take part in various activities, dont they?他们明天不参加这个晚会，是不是？三、反意疑问句的回答形式反意疑问句的结构实际上是一种简略的一般疑问句，所以其答语一般需用 yes 或 no。当陈述句部分是肯定形式时，肯定回答用 yes, 否定回答用 no, 和一般疑问句的回答形式相同。但是，当陈述部分为否定形式时，其反意疑问句的回答形式应加以注意。例如：We were late, werent we? 我们晚了，不是吗？Yes, we were. 是的，我们晚了。No, we werent 不，我们没有晚。Your s
4、ister hasnt retuned from Japan yet, has she? 你妹妹还没有从日本回来，是吗？Yes she has. 不，她回来了。No, she hasnt 是的，她还没有回来。第二节 陈述句的主语与疑问句部分的主语不一致的情况一、陈述句部分是 one 做主语的情况如果陈述句部分是以代词 one 做主语，疑问部分的主语在正式场合用 one，在非正式场合用 you;在美国英语中，非正式场合还可以用 he. 例如：One cant be too careful, can one? (或 can you?) 越小心越好，是吗？One should do his duty
5、, shouldnt he? 一个应该尽自己的责任，不是吗？二、this, that, everything, something, nothing 等同作陈述句部分主语时的情况当陈述句部分的主语有 this, that, everything, something, nothing 等词时，疑问句部分的主语用 it;如果主语部分有 these 或 those，要用 they.例如：Nothing happened, didnt it?没有发生什么事，是不是？That is wonderful, isnt it? 那可好极了，不是吗？These books will become rubbis
6、h if you dont make use of them, wont they?如果你不用这些书，它们就会变成垃圾，是不是？三、everyone, someone, anyone, no one 等不定代词作主语的情况当陈述句部分的主语是 everyone, someone, anyone, no one 等不定式代词时，反意疑问句的主语通常用 they,也可用 he。例如：Everybody was present at the meeting , werent they?大家都出席了那个会议，是不是？Nobody survived the accident, didnt they? 在
7、那次事故中没有人生还，是吗？Somebody has known the news, havent they?有人已经知道了那个消息，是不是？四、动名词、不定式作主语时的情况当动词不定式短语、动名词短语或其他短语作陈述句部分的主语时，反意疑问句的主语通常用 it.例如：To get rid of a bad habit is not easy, is it?改掉不良习惯不是很容易，是不是？Doing morning exercises has helped to improve her health, hasnt it?晨练有助于改善她的健康状况，是不是？五、陈述句部分是 there be时的
8、情况当陈述句部分是 there be，反意疑问句部分的主语也用，而不用人称代词作主语，例如：There be some difficulties in your work, arent there? 你工作有些困难，是吗？There is something wrong with you, isnt there? 你身体不太舒服，对吗？第三节 陈述句部分与反意疑问句中的动词变化情况一、陈述句部分的主语是时的反意疑问句形式当陈述句部分的主语 I am是时，反意疑问句部分的结构是 arent I？例如：Im very keen on sports, arent? 我对体育非常热心，不是吗？二、谓语
9、部分有等助动词时的反意疑问句形式当谓语动词部分有等助动词时，其反意疑问句形式要特别注意。例如：You had better come tomorrow, hadnt you? 你最好明天来，好吗？You would rather not do it , would you? 你宁愿不要那样做，是吗？She used to live in London, use(d)nt she/didnt she? 她过去一直住在伦敦，不是吗？I ought to complain, shouldnt I /oughtnt I? 我理应抱怨的，不是吗？但在 TOEFL 考试中，ought to 的反意疑问句只
10、能用 should 来引起。三、谓语动词为 wish 时的反意疑问句形式当谓语为 wish 时，反意疑问句的谓语用 may，前后两部分都用肯定式。例如：I wish to shake hand with you, may I? 我想跟你握手，行吗？四、陈述句部分带有情态动词 must 时的反意疑问句形式1、当陈述句部分带有情态动词 must 表示“必须，应当” 时，反意疑问句部分用 mustnt 表示“禁止”讲时，疑问部分用 must，也可用 may，例如：We must stay home, mustnt we? 我们必须留在家里，是吗？You mustnt walk on the gras
11、s, must you? 你不应当在草地上行走，对吗？You mustnt speak ill of others, must you? 你不可以说别人的坏话，不是吗？2、当陈述句部分的 must 表示 “推测”时，疑问部分不用 must，而要根据 must 之后动词的含义使用相应的形式。例如：You must have made the mistake, havent you? 你一定弄错了，对吧？The student must be studying hard, isnt he? 那学生一定在努力学习，对吗？You must have seen the film last week, d
12、idnt you? 你上个月一定看过那部电影，是吧？3、当陈述句部分的 must 表示 “有必要”讲时，疑问部分用 neednt“不必要” 。例如：We must look over our test papers before are hand them it, neednt we?交卷前，我们有必要检查一下，是吗？He must leave early because he isnt feeling well, neednt he?他觉得不舒服，有必要早点离开，是吗？五、陈述句部分带有 have 的情况1、当 have 作“有”讲时，既可用 have 的形式，也可用 do 的形式。但是，如
13、果陈述句部分用的是 havent(hasnt)，疑问部分就用 have（has）;如果陈述部分用的是 dont have(doesnt have),疑问部分就用 do(does)形式，例如：You have a new car, havent you/ dont you? 你有辆新车，对吗？He hasnt any sisters, has he? 他没有姐妹，对吗？She doesnt have any money in her pocket, does she? 她口袋里没有钱，是吗？2、当 have 不表示“有”讲时，疑问部分只用 do 的适当形式。例如：You all had a go
14、od time, didnt you? 你们都玩得很好，是吗？You have your lunch at twelve oclock, dont you?你在十二点吃午饭，不是吗？They have to hand in their papers in a month, dont they?他们必须在一个月内交论文，对吗？六、need, dare 在作情态动词和实义动词时的反意疑问句need 和 dare 这两个词的用法不一样，反意疑问句形式也不同。例如：they neednt make such a loud noise, need they?他们不需要发出那么大的噪音，是不是？（情态动词
15、）You dont need come if you feel sick, do you?如果你不舒服你就不要来了，好吗？（实义动词）He didnt dare to speak to her, did he?他不敢和她说话，是吗？You dare not climb the mountain, dare you?你不敢爬那座山，是不是？第四节 其他结构中的反意疑问句一、主从复合句的反意义疑问句1、若陈述句是一主从复合句，反意疑问句一般应根据主句的谓语形式而定。例如：They never said Tom would come, did they? 他们从来没说汤姆要来，是不是？He thin
16、ks he will lose the game, doesnt he? 他认为他会输掉这场比赛，是不是？2、当陈述句部分是“I think (I suppose, I believe, I fancy, I imagine, I expect) that”时，反意疑问句则要重复从句的谓语。例如：I dont think they will come, will they? 我想他们不回来了，对吗？I suppose he can win the game, cant he? 我认为他能够赢得这场比赛，不是吗？二、陈述句中有否定词时的反意疑问句形式当陈述句中有否定词 hardly, littl
17、e, never, nothing, rarely, seldom 等时，反意疑问句要用肯定形式。例如：He seldom asks questions in class, does he? 他课上很少提问题，是不是？Your brother hardly watches TV, does he? 你兄弟很少看电视，是不是？三、祈使句也可用反意疑问句1、肯定的祈使句表示请求时，反意疑问句一般用 will you？表示邀请、劝诱时，反意疑问句用 wont you？。但是，在否定的祈使句后面则用 will you？。例如：Pass me the tool, will you?请把工具递给我，好吗？
18、Dont waste too much time on the thing, will you?不要在这件事件上浪费太多的时间，好吗？2、当祈使句的宾语为 us 时，在“lets”句型中，其反意疑问句应用“shall we”，在“let us”句型中，其反意疑问句应用“will you”例如：Lets do exercises, shall we?咱们开始锻炼，好吗？Let us share, will you?让我们共同分担，好吗？四、感叹句后面的反意疑问句感叹句中的动词要用“to be ”的现在式，而且通常用否定形式。例如：What an interesting story, isnt i
19、t? 真是一个有趣的故事，不是吗？How fine a performance, isnt it? 真是一场非常精彩的演出，不是吗？Exercise 171.选择题1.Poor Tom has a bad tooth and it has been hurting him for a long time, ?A. isnt it B. wasnt it C. hasnt it D. doesnt it2. You wont be away for long, ?A. will you B. wont you C. would you D. arent you3. Youve already g
20、ot our invitation, ?A. dont you B. havent you C. wont you D. arent you4. Have a little more coffee, ?A. havent you B. wont you C. dont you D. will you5. It is the first time that she has been to the United States, ?A. hasnt she B. isnt it C. has she D. is it6. I dont suppose he cares, ?A. does he B.
21、 doesnt he C. do I D. dont I7. You ought to finish the task in time, ?A. shouldnt you B. mustnt you C. dont you D. wont you8. Still beginners have to learn from their mistakes, they?A. havent B. mustnt C. dont D. arent9. John isnt a diligent student, for it is the third time he has been late, ?A. wa
22、snt it B. hasnt C. isnt it D. hasnt he10.“ Your uncle told me that he overslept.”“Oh, my uncle rarely used to oversleep, ?”A. wasnt he B. was he C. didnt he D. did he11. I hope they wont have to wait all day, ?A. wont they B. dont they C. will they D. wont you12. Show me your license, ?A. will you B
23、. shouldnt your C. shant you D. cant you13. You should go to the grand opening ceremony, ?A. arent you B. shouldnt you C. wouldnt you D. dont you14. Peter oughtnt to have done it in the first place, ?A. hasnt he B. oughtnt he C. hadnt he D. ought he15. Everything seems all right, ?A. doesnt it B. wo
24、nt it C. hasnt it D. dont they16. Go straight into the core and find out whats in there, ?A. dont you B. will you C. do you D. can you17. Youd like to have a good sleep, ?A. havent you B. would you C. had you D. wouldnt you18. There has not been a great response to the sale, ?A. does there B. hasnt
25、it C. hasnt there D. has there19. I wish to attend the evening party, ?A. wish I B. do I C. dont I D. may I20. James was very pleased, if he hadnt spoken to the salesgirl beforehand, he might have spent more money than he could really have afforded, ?A. didnt he B. couldnt he C. hadnt he D. mightnt
26、he21. Youd better remain here, ?A. hadnt you B. shouldnt you C. couldnt you D. wouldnt you22. You seem to be dissatisfied with your present post, I dont think you judged your ability objectively when you applied for it, you?A. do B. dont C. didnt D. did23. Todays weather isnt as cold as it was yeste
27、rday, ?A. wasnt it B. was it C. isnt it D. is it24. He never used to swim in winter, ?A. did he B. didnt he C. was he D. wasnt he25. I am the only person who is to blame, ?A. am not B. arent I C. isnt he D. am I 26. I dont think he will arrive here in time, ?A. do I B. dont I C. wont he D. will he27
28、. I told them not everybody could do it, ?A. could they B. couldnt they C. didnt I D. had she 28. Tell me how to operate the electronic computer, ?A. do you B. wont you C. will you D. dont you29. Nobody phoned me while I was out, ?A. did they B. didnt they C. did he D. didnt he30. Clever boys need n
29、ever work very hard, ?A. neednt they B. dont they C. do they D. need they31. Lets go to the dinning hall together, ?A. do we B. are we C. shall we D. will you32. I wish to recollect where I met her, ?A. would I B. may I C. may not I D. can I 33. We have to do another experiment today, ?A. dont we B.
30、 shouldnt we C. did we D. have we 34. She must be looking forward to your return, ?A. mustnt she B. wasnt she C. isnt she D. didnt she 35. We never dared to ask him a question, ?A. did we B. didnt we C. dare we D. darent we36. Dont tell him the matter, ?A. will you B. do you C. dont you D. wont you3
31、7. The old lady scarcely cares for anything, ?A. does she B. doesnt she C. dont she D. do she38. What a pleasant day, ?A. is it B. wont it C. isnt it D. arent theyII.改错题1There is quite a bit of rain in your part of the county, isnt it?A B C D2. If Tim had a small boot, he would let us use it, doesnt
32、 he?A B C D3. Anyone who did that was wasting their time and money, wasnt it?A B C D4. Your sister used to visit you quite often, hadnt she?A B C D5. He would have bought the house, if he had only had enough money, hadnt he?A B C D6. Black told me that there wasnt anyone in the classroom at that tim
33、e, was there?A B C D7. It is high time that we left, didnt we?A B C D8. “What was the assignment for today?”“We had to read the first chapter, hadnt we?”A B C D9. You never told us why you were late for the last meeting, didnt you?A B C D10. Lets go swimming and boating together, will you?A B C D11.
34、 The doctor soon had the patient walking again, hadnt he?A B C D12. She had no idea she was sailing through the air, hadnt she?A B C D13. Tell me how tooperate the electronic computer, wont you?A B C D14. Being a student, he darent say such rude things , does he?A B C D15. Everybody knows that the e
35、arth goes around the sun, doesnt it?A B C D16. If I had known that you were out, I wouldnt have bothered to come all the way at that time of A B Cmight, hadnt I ?D17. The price of crude oil used to be a great deal lower than now, wasnt it?A B C D18. Mary keeps talking about the party; she had a very good time, hadnt she?A B C D19. They need to be reminded about it, neednt they?A B C D
