英语作文指导.doc

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1、什么是提示性作文?提示性作文:就是给出一个标题或无标题,给出具体的内容,规定一定的字数,让考生写出作文。由于这类作文已经规定了文章的中心思想和主要内容,因此考生可以不再列出提纲,只要把注意力集中在如何正确、完整地用英文词句表达出中心思想和内容就可以了。 写好提示性作文应注意的事项1、仔细审题,明确要求。对所给信息反复阅读,弄清这个题目要表达什么,然后对所给信息进行整理、组织,按照自己的写作思路使之条理化。 2、确保语言精炼。在写作过程中,考生应时刻提醒自己按照已给出的信息点去写,不必有太多的发挥。但也不必按照信息点去逐句翻译。用自己熟悉的短语、句型去体现要点。掌握好文章的长度,不要字数过多或过

2、少。 例题分析一、汉语提示根据中文提示和英文提示词语,写一篇意思连贯、符合逻辑的短文。所给英文提示词语必须用上。字数 6070 左右。 1、昨天晚上我和妈妈出去散步。 2、在路上我遇到了一个外国人。3、他向我询问去温泉饭店(the Hot Spring Hotel )的路。4、我告诉他沿着路往前走,在第三个转弯处向左拐就能看见饭店。5、他非常感谢我,我也为能帮他而感到高兴。 提示词语:go out for a walk, on the road, the way to, walk along, on the left, thank for, be happy that(分析)写作指导:根据提示

3、我们了解到这是一篇记叙文,所以考生应马上想到时间(yesterday evening ) ,地点(on the road) ,人物(I, my mother and a foreigner) ,事件(how to show the way) 。其次观察信息点,我们确定这篇文章应用过去式来表达。然后,确定这个事件应用第一人称来叙述。最后,按照信息点合理组织文章,别忘用上提示词语。 (例文)Yesterday evening,I went out for a walk with my mother.On the road,we met a foreigner. He asked me the wa

4、y to the Hot Spring Hotel.I told him to walk along the road and take the third turning on the left, then he could see the hotel.He thanked me very much for my help.I was happy that I could help him. 二、英语提示你收到一封咨询信,请你以旅行社工作人员的身份完成任务。Dear Ace Travel, Im Li Ming, from the east of China. For the coming

5、winter vacation, my family and I want to spend our vacation in a foreign city for ten days. We would like to go somewhere not only warm but also interesting. We dont mind how far we have to go. It has to be a place where we can swim everyday, and it would be nice if our hotel is not expensive but cl

6、ean and comfortable. We like to pay no more than $ 5,000 for the trip. Could you please give us your suggestions for vacation spots? Thanks a lot. Yours, Li Ming请你根据来信,从下列所给的地方中选择一个或两个符合 Li Ming 要求的地方,向他提出建议。 (80字左右)Tokyo, Sydney, Hawaii, Shanghai写作指导:这篇作文结合了提示性作文和应用文的写作要求。首先,我们要读懂英语提示的内容,也就是那封咨询信的内

7、容。其次,我们要知道书信的写作方法。针对本道题,还要注意,这封信是以旅行社工作人员的身份来写的。最后,还要注意咨询信后的要求-从下列所给的地方中选择一个或两个符合 Li Ming 要求的地方,向他提出建议及字数限制。下面,我们来看看范文是怎么写的。One Possible version: Dear Li Ming, Im Gina. Its my pleasure to give you some suggestions for your vacation spots. According to your letter, I think either Sydney or Hawaii is

8、the best choice because they are both warm and interesting. There are some inexpensive hotels, which are clean and comfortable in both places. Whats more, you can enjoy sunshine, walk on the beach and swim every day. Besides, there are many good museums in Sydney. (Its also a wonderful place for sho

9、pping. )And if you go to Hawaii, you could have a visit to Pearl Harbor, which is quite educational and historical. (And you can also enjoy exotic dances. )Thats just my idea. I hope it would give you some help. Yours, Gina对于,提示作文的写法大家都会了吗?不管什么作文的写作,都要要求我们对英语的词汇、短语以及常用的表达方法有一定的积累。所以,在学习写作的同时,不要放松对以上

10、几个方面的复习。中考英语作文抢分 6 招第一招只取一瓢饮 亮点范文三次改名 。作者把三次改名分为三个板块一一道来,最后归结。今后我不会再改名字了,就让我的有关名字的往事和辛酸的回忆到此结束吧。 围绕改名这一中心,作者将构思聚敛为某一点,这在中考作文中最奏效。话题往往是宽泛的,可写的材料可溯的立意也很多很广。这个时候,要求我们化大为小。在思维上聚敛一些,不满足于架大架空。只有一个出发点,可以防止贪大求高,又能减少遴选材料无从着手的麻烦, “弱水三千,只取一瓢饮”。有时候,这一瓢水,就能“饮”出新意来。 第二招 旧瓶装新酒 亮点范文阿 Q 新传 。作者巧借未庄一群鸟男女你方唱罢我登场,或搞豆腐渣工

11、程,或卖假文凭,或大力包装大姐大,竞相“摸、吃、拿、贪”,有力地揭露时代顽垢,抨击世风,形象又新鲜。 对于一种现象,我们把它装进自己熟悉的情境,有时候会起到别开生面的效果。文章亦如此,把名著人物“包装” 一下,进入到现代生活的大千世界,想象再造了,也能写出新意,绽开你思维的花朵。用的是旧瓶子,可材料一点不旧,这也是制胜之招。 第三招 暗渡陈仓 亮点范文我是一条狗 。借狗之口,抨击了社会上尸位素餐、纵容包庇、破坏环境、奴颜媚骨,富有较强的讽刺意味。 当正面入题困难,我们可以考虑比拟这一修辞艺术,文章也可以用这一招啊。把人比作物,虽然把物当成人了,但丝毫不改人的某些取向,化抽象为神奇。更能引起读者

12、共鸣,生动可感,寓意无穷。 视角一换,一篇文章就不同了。既有新意,又有思想,符合一类文章的评价要求,何愁高分不到手。 第四招 登山临水 亮点范文向小草学习 。借小草有顽强生命力,与自己学习情况联系起来。暗示自己学习缺乏上进心;由小草顽强生长,联想到自己遇到困难就退缩,水到渠成。 性质不同的两种事物,表象是不一样的。实质上有相同之处,对比中有好坏,善恶优劣,事物都是有两面性的,一对比,好的自然更好,坏的自然分明。对比是一种辩证思维,建议我们的写作者用一用。两种人,两种事,两种景物都可以对比着写,一种事物也有正反两面啊,不妨一用。 第五招 举一反三 亮点范文桥头情思 。作者抓住南昆大桥通车这一原点

13、,赋之以文章核心,围绕这一核心联想,由桥及人,由史至今,由神话而现实。 文章的新意在于举一反三,要找到一个联想点,由此步步为营,合理生发、开拓。我们写作时最易浅尝辄止,这一招的妙处在于,它能充分打开你的思维空间,须知想得开一点,人便能长命百岁。文章宕开笔墨来写,文章往往便又加深几分。 第六招 点石成金 亮点范文心灵的负荷 。作者以嶙峋的石头为象征体,反映了学校老师的无奈,学生的苦闷,家庭的殷切希望,邻居的求职苦恼。 化无为有,化腐朽为神奇,假设是一种情感思想类命题作文,这样的文章最容易误入险路。你要说的东西太虚,势必难说,赋之以象征意义,以石头为象征体。这样来说,文章就盘活了。这一“负荷” ,

14、便成了实的载体。它活了,寓意便也有了。要知道,思维需借助于某种方式,它便有了可依托的立意。比如:用绿叶象征奉献,用蜡炬象征牺牲等。中考英语作文专练 介绍药品说明书Mike 是你们班的一位来自澳大利亚的同学。他患了感冒,去药店买来一盒药,向你询问服药的方法,请你根据药品的说明书,向 Mike 解释,并告诉他如何预防感冒。适用于感冒引起的咳嗽,头疼等症状。反前服用,一次 12 片,一天三次,疗程 35 天。偶有瞌睡感,服药期间忌鱼、酒、辛辣食物。This medicine is used for cough, headache and something like that caused by c

15、old. Take one or two pills each time, and three times a day before meals. Sometimes you may feel like sleeping after you take it .It doesnt matter. Dont have fish, wine, or hot food these days while youre taking this medicine .And youll be fine in three or five days.By the way, I think youd better t

16、ake good care of yourself and keep healthy. For example, put on more clothes when you go outside on a cold day, have more water, fruit and vegetables. And the most important of all , do more sports every day to be stronger.I wish youll be all right soon.中考英语作文专练 通知中考英语作文专练 通知请以班长的身份, 用英语口头通知全班同学, 告诉

17、大家下周一上午由王老师上公开课, 全体英语老师也来听,要求大家做到以下几点:打扫教室,保持整洁。做好课前准备, 不要迟到。对老师要有礼貌。课堂上认真听讲。 举手发言,多用英语回答老师的问题,多用英语与同学相互交流。注意;字数为 70 个词左右。Attention ,please ,Ive got something to you . An open English class will be held in our class next Monday morning . Itll be given by Miss Li . All the English teachers will be he

18、re for it . We should try to do the following well:Clean our classroom carefully and keep it tidy , please .Get everything ready before class and dont be late .Be polite to all the teachers .Listen to the teacher carefully in class .Put up your hands before you want to speak . And talk with each oth

19、er in English as much as you can .Thats all . Thank you . HZZ Unit 3Im sorry to trouble you . I often see some students step on the grass , throw fruit skins about , drew on the public places , pick flowers in the school garden . I think these facts are unfit for a good school . They all do harm to

20、our school environment . If we dont stop them at once . Our school environment will get worse and worse . School is also our home . We must keep it clean and tidy . So I want to tell everyone to protect our environment . Do you agree ?HZZ Unit 4On May Day , Li Ming with his parents went to Huang Sha

21、n for travel . They took a bus there . They climbed the mountain first . When they got to the top of it , they had a picnic there . After that they took many pictures on it . The scenery on the mountain was very beautiful .The sea of clouds could be seen all around them . Though the trip was a littl

22、e dangerous , it was a lot of fun . Dear Ace Travel, Im Li Ming, from the east of China. For the coming winter vacation, my family and I want to spend our vacation in a foreign city for ten days. We would like to go somewhere not only warm but also interesting. We dont mind how far we have to go. It

23、 has to be a place where we can swim everyday, and it would be nice if our hotel is not expensive but clean and comfortable. We like to pay no more than $ 5,000 for the trip. Could you please give us your suggestions for vacation spots? Thanks a lot. Yours, Li Ming中考英语满分作文 我的宠物- 小狗中考英语满分作文 我的宠物-小狗我的

24、宠物是一条可爱的狗。它的名字是点点 。因为有很多黑的圆圈在它的皮肤上。点点 是非常友好的。许多孩子喜欢和它玩。他的喜爱食物是肉骨头。 他的喜爱玩具是玩偶。 点点 喜欢非常跑。它跑得非常快速并且它有一个女朋友。它的名字娜娜 。它的皮肤也有很多黑圈子。我非常喜欢我的宠物。这是一只好宠物! My pet is a lovely dog.Its name is dian dian.because there are a lot of black circle on its skin.the dian dian is very friendly.Many childen like play with h

25、im.His favourite food is meat bones. H is favourite toy is a doll. dian dian likes to run very much.It can run very fast and it has a girl friend.its name na na.there are a lot of black circle on its skin,too.I like my pet very much.It is a good pet!中考英语作文 我爱父母 I love parents根据中文意思和英文提示词语,写出意思连贯、符合逻

26、辑的英文文段。所给的英文提示词语必须都用上;中文提示内容不必逐句翻译;根据英文提示,每组所写出的句数不限。几年以前我家只有一间小屋。三个人住一间屋真是艰难。现在我们已经搬进了一套两室一厅 的单元房。我非常高兴。当我父母做. . . , 我能. . . 。我爱我的家。1. a few years ago, family, have one small room2. it, be, three people, in the same room3. now, a new flat(单元房), one living room, two bedrooms4. be happy, my homework,

27、 quietly, my own room, my parents我爱我的家(I love my family)A few years ago, my family had only one small room. It was very hard for three people to live in the same room. Now we have moved into a new flat with one living room and two bedrooms. Im very happy. I can do my homework quietly in my own room

28、when my parents do the housework or other things. I love my home.中考英语总结一、 “世界无烟日 WorldNoTobaccoDay”那天,你们对你们学校学生吸烟情况进行了一次调查,结果如图所示。请就此话题用英语写一片短文。要求:对调查结果进行描述; 表明自己的看法并提出建议;所写内容符合“世界无烟日”主题;词数 80-100.已给开头不计入字数提示词语:doasurveyabout做一个有关的调查 3%ofthestudents 百分子三的学生OnWorldNoTobaccoDay,wedidasurveyabouthowman

29、ystudentssmoke.Herearetheresults:3%ofthestudentsoftensmoke.7%ofthestudentssmokesometimes.Luckily,90%ofthestudentsneversmoke.Thestudentswhosmokesaytheysmokeforfunandtheythinktheylookcoolwhiletheyaresmoking.Weallknowsmokingisbadforourhealth.Asstudents,weshouldntsmoke.Andifourfamilymemberssmoke,weshoul

30、dstopthem.Letstellmorepeoplethedangerofsmokingandhelpsmokersgiveupsmoking.二、生活在城市小区里的孩子们很郁闷,几乎不认识周围的邻居,没有兄弟姐妹的他们除了每天在家做作业看电视就是玩电脑,没有玩伴。社区(community)负责人李叔叔注意到了这个问题,请你写封邮件给他提出自己的建设性意见。约 100 词,已给开头和结尾不计入词数。如:组织社区里面的孩子们参加清洁本小区的公益劳动;提供一个地方给社区的孩子们学习交流;组织一些社区的活动,吸引社区的孩子参加。DearUncleLi,Thankyouforreadingmye-

31、mail. Iamlivinginthiscommunity.Ialsohavenofriendhere.Luckily,youwanttohelpus.Herearemysuggestions:First,wecanclearupourneighbourhoodswiththeotherchildreninthiscommunity,wecanknoweachotherandmakenewfriends.Second,Ihopeyoucanofferaroomforustodohomework,andthenwecanhelpeachotherandlearnfromeachother.Th

32、ird,Ithinkwecanbuildanafter-schoolclub.Wecandosports,playgames,andevenhaveapicnicinthecommunity.Ourlifemustbeveryfunandcolourful.Bestwishes,XuJun命题作文是依据所给题目,确定中心,选择材料,写出符合题意,内容表达具体、充分的文章。写命题作文通常要注意以下几点:一、审准题目:文章的中心要对题目的分析来确定,一定要弄清主题的内涵,确立与文章联系的主题思想,表达不能游离于主题,否则即使内容再精彩,也是“跑题“ 作文,得分将会大打折扣 ,因此,写命题作文最重要

33、的是先审清题目,确立要表现的中心。二、构思结构:就是开放思路,启动联想,构想表现形式,勾勒出文章的结构层次,依次写出引言段,主题句,发展段和结尾句,努力使之新颖,别致。三、选择材料:这一点很重要,一定要围绕想表现的中心去选择组织材料,所选的材料必须典型精要。四、表达:就是用最确切明了的语言贯穿材料,表达自己的思想,力争用符合英语语法规则。英语表达习惯,最顺畅自然的词,句,段去表达中心思想,与表现中心无关的话即使再生动形象也不要去写。就写作的目的表现形式来看,命题作文分为三种形式:1、记叙文类;2、说明文类; 3、议论文类。下面就谈一谈记叙文的写作记叙文就是以记叙人物的经历或事物发展变化过程为主

34、的一种文章。在初中写作训练中,记叙文是最基本,最常见,最重要的书面表达形式。记叙文有“六要素“ 即指“时间,地点,人物和事件的起因,经过和结果“。一篇记叙文只要把这些要素写清楚,文章就会内容具体, 眉目清晰,中心意思明确。一般情况下,这六要素中的人物,时间,地点作为开端,要写在文章的开头。事件,原因常作为记叙文的段落发展,又称为文章的主体部分,应该放在文章的中间。结果作为记叙文的结局常放在文章的末尾处。记叙文从写作的线索上来看,有三种表现形式:1、以人物为主,围绕人物组织材料。2、以事物为中心,围绕事件组织材料或围绕事件写人。3、以写景状物,描写为主。写好记叙文应注意以下几点:1、明确写作目的

35、:写文章的目的就是确切表达一个中心思想,文章的一切内容应自始自终地为展开中心服务。2、选择细节材料:选择好的细节材料就是为了更好地表现主题,所选择的材料要有代表性,典型性。写作内容要详略得当,主要情节应详细写,次要内容要简略或概述。1)关于写人物,一般要把某人的年龄 ,外貌和性格特征,人物行为,心理活动等方面简要概括出来。同时要略加点评或感想。2)关于写事件,事件是记叙的核心 ,往往有它的起因,经过和结局。写事件要比较详细地交代事情的来龙去脉,同时要重点突出,表达精练,防止渲染。3、恰当的选择写作方法:记叙文的写作方法就是指写作的顺序,文章先写什么,后写什么都要有一定顺序。中考经典展示:(1)

36、 以 My Mother 为题写一篇短文。(2003 扬州)内容要点:1.我的妈妈是护士,工作努力。2.上个月去北京,抗击 SARS (fight against)。3.一个月没有回来。4.保护我们免受侵害。5.我爱妈妈,为妈妈自豪。标题已给出,要求 1.写清时间 2.要点要完整 3.可适当增加内容 4.字数在 60 个词左右(2)班会上,老师要求每位同学用英语介绍自己的一位朋友,请你根据所提供的要点为题写一篇短文。(2003 南京)要点:1. Who is he / she。2. When and where did you get to know him / her。3. Why do y

37、ou like him / her。注意:1.文章的开头和结尾已给出(不计入词数) 2.词数 60-80,须包括以上要点,可适当增加细节使短文意思通畅。3.条理清楚,语意连贯,句式规范,字迹工整。4.文中不得出现真实的人名。校名等相关信息。写作实践范例以“My Chinese Teacher“为标题写一篇字数为 80-100 之间的英语短文。提示内容如下:1、孙老师今年 36 岁,中等身材。2、她关心。热爱学生,工作认真负责。3、她语文课讲得生动。有趣。My Chinese TeacherOf all the subjects, I like Chinese best because I ha

38、ve a good Chinese teacher. Though she has been teaching us for only three years, I respect and love her very much.My Chinese teacher is thirty-six years old and she is neither tall nor short.Ms Sun works very hard. She is always the first to come and the last to leave her office. She tries to make h

39、er classes lively and interesting. And we enjoy her lessons very much.Ms Sun is very kind and friendly to us. And were getting on well with each other. But she is very strict with us in our studies.Ms Sun teaches us so well that we all enjoy learning Chinese. All the students think she is one of the

40、 most popular teachers in our school.新题导练请以“My Classmate“为标题写一篇记叙文要求:1、主题明确。语言流畅。思路清晰。 2、字数在 100 字以内。思路点拨写记叙文要按照事物发展的客观规律叙述,所叙述的内容要交代清楚,条理清晰,重点突出,主次分明,详略得当。这篇文章也是记叙文,主人公应该用第三人称,时态以一般过去时为主。本文以主人公为中心线索,以一、两件事件为重点内容去组织材料,反映主人公的形象特征。整个内容情节要合情合理,有真实感,叙述时可按事情发展的顺序进行,同时加以点评。参考范文My ClassmateLiu Kai is my cl

41、assmate. He is a good student and always ready to help others.One day on his way to school, he saw a little girl crossing the road. A car was coming towards her quickly and the girl was too frightened to move. The car nearly hit her. Just then LiuKai rushed up to her and caught her by the arm. The l

42、ittle girl was saved. She told him where she lived, and he took her home. When LiuKai hurried into the classroom, the teacher had already begun his lesson. He told the teacher why he was late. He was then praised for what he had done.学生在英语写作中常常出现很多错误。下面我们对一些常见的错误进行了归纳,并对一些典型的病句实例逐一加以分析,希望能对各位同学有所帮助。

43、一、“汉语式”英语例:His fathers body is strong. 他父亲身体很好。析:汉语说“某人的身体强弱”时,在英语中不必加 body。因此,在书面表达中要注意英语的习惯用法,否则容易杜撰出“汉语式”英语,使人难以看懂。同时不能先想汉语意思,然后再直译成英语,而要擅于直接用英语思考。正:His father is strong.二、难词解释例:the time fell sleeping 就寝时间析:同学们遇到要表达的术语有难词时,想不到用合适的单词来表达,于是就闹出了这样的笑话。因此,在平时学习中学生们就要知难而进,想方设法记忆必要的单词,同时增强解释的能力,只有这样才能提高

44、英语书面表达能力。正:the sleeping time三、单词堆砌例: Our go to school time is 8:00. 上学时间是 8:00。析:同学们在书面表达中应尽量使用自己熟悉且有把握的习惯用语,不能凭着自己的中文习惯主观臆造句子,否则不可能做到“语言准确,得当”。正:We go to school at eight.四、时态的误用例:She like it very much and reads it to the class. 她很喜欢它并且读给同学们听。析:在书面表达中,应根据上下文或时间状语来确定动词的时态。正:She liked it very much and

45、 read it to the class.五、用词错误例:He gave me a very good advice yesterday. 昨天他给我一个非常好的建议。析:advice 表示“建议”时,是不可数名词,不能用不定冠词来修饰,而应用 a piece of。正:He gave me a piece of very good advice yesterday.六、一致性错误所谓不一致不仅指主谓不一致,它还包括数的不一致、时态不一致以及代词不一致等。例 1:Once one have money, he can do what he want to do. 人一旦有了钱,他就能想干什么

46、就干什么。析:one 是第三人称单数,因此本句的 have 应改为 has。同理,want 应改为 wants。正:Once one has money, he can do what he wants to do.例 2:Water will boil at 100. 水在 100沸腾。析:表示客观真理的句子,其谓语动词应用一般现在时。正:Water boils at 100.七、修饰语错位英语与汉语不同,同一个修饰语置于句子中不同的位置,句子的含义就有可能发生变化。例:I can dance. I too can sing. 我会跳舞,也会唱歌。析:too 一般位于句尾,不能用于句首。正:

47、I can dance. I can sing too. 或 I can dance and sing too.八、结构不完整在口语中,交际可借助手势、语气、上下文等来理解结构不完整的句子。可是书面语就不同了,句子结构不完整会令句意表达不清。这种情况常常发生在主句写完以后,作者又想加些补充说明的时候。例:There are many ways to know the society. For example, by TV radio, newspaper and so on. 有许多方式来了解这个社会,例如通过电视、广播、报纸等等。析:本句后半部分 For example, by TV, radio, newspaper and so on 不是一个完整的句子,仅仅是一些不连贯的词语,不能独立成句。正:There are many ways to know the society, for example, by TV, radio, and newspa

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