1、Lesson 1 Alert a.警觉的,留神的,注意的 vt.向报警,使警惕 使认识到 Alert n.警戒(状态),戒备(状态);报警 Sirens sounded the alert for an air raid. 空袭报警的警笛响起来. Nuclear-armed bombers were put on the alert during the crisis. 核武装轰炸机在危机期间 进入高度警备状态. Arbitrary a.随意的,任意的;专断的,武断的,专制的 The diet imposes overall calorie limits,but daily menus are
2、 arbitrary. 食谱规定了总的热量限制,但每天的菜单可据喜好自定. Behalf n.利益,方面 Mother Teresas efforts on behalf of Caluttas poor eventually brought her the Nobel Peace Prize. 德兰修女为加尔各答 穷人所做的一切努力最终为她赢得了诺贝尔和平奖. Bulk n.大小,体积; 主体,绝大部分;大量 vt.显得大,显得重要 The great bulk of necessary work can never be anything but painful. 大量必须做的工作真令人痛
3、苦. Safety considerations bulked large during the development of the new spacecraft.在建造新的宇宙飞船时, 安全考虑占了很大比重. Chip v.削(或凿)下(屑片或碎片)n.屑片,碎片 Chip pl炸土豆条(或片); 集成电路片,集成块; 缺口,瑕疵 “Fish and chips“is a typical English food. “炸鱼土豆条”是典型的 英国食品. The paint has chipped off where the table touches the wall. 桌子接触墙壁的地方漆
4、皮已剥落. Collapse vi/n.倒塌,塌下; 崩溃,突然失败 The enterprose collapsed through lack of support. 该企业因无力支持而倒闭. competition n.竞争,竞赛 Because there is so much unemployment,the competition for jobs is very fierce. ;由于失业人员众多,求职的竞争十分激烈. Five candidate cities including Beijing participated in the competition to host th
5、e 28th Olympic Games.共有包括北京在内的五个城市参加了争夺第 28 届奥运会主办权的角逐. declinediklain ;n.下降,减少,衰退 The arts of China have not declined in spit of the Western influence. 虽有西方影响,中国的艺术并未因此而衰落. The price of mobile telephones has declined sharply. 手机的价格下降得非常 厉害. The United Kingdom is now no more than an empire that has
6、declined. 大英帝国如今只是一个业 已衰落的帝国. Develop vi.生长,发育,形成; 发展,扩展 Develop vt.发展,开发;制定, 研制,成长;逐步产生, 发挥 A good teacher is surely an instructor who can develop the capabilities of each student. 一个好老师一定是一个能激发每个学生 潜能的导师. Juliet Wus ambition is to develop a national corporation into a worldwide business. 吴士宏的抱负是要把
7、一个国内企业扩 展成世界性的企业. Elaborate a.精心计划的,详尽的;复杂的 vt.详述,详细制订 vi.详述 I just want the facts in brief;you dont need to elaborate. 我只想简单了解事实, 你不必作详细说明. I dont want elaborate lace pattern on my dress,just make it simple. 我不想裙子上有复杂精美的花边图案,简简单单就行. Excite vt.使兴奋,使激动;引起,激起 Strong coffee excites your nerves. 浓咖啡刺激神经
8、, 使人兴奋. Emperor Qinshihuangs cruelty excited a rising of the people. ;秦始皇的残暴引起了人民 的反抗. Fatal a.致命的,灾难性的,毁灭性的;重大的决定性的 The city of Tangshan has such a new look that it hardly reminds people of the fatal earthquake that eccured over 30 years ago. 唐山市如今面貌一新, 几乎让人想不起 30 多年前的毁灭性的地震. Formal a.正规的,正式的,合礼仪的;
9、形式上的,表面的 Business letters are usually formal, but we write in a informal way to family members or friends. 商业信件通常都是讲究格 式的但我们给家人或朋友写信就比较随便了. Gaze v./n.凝视,注视 In those boring letures,many students just sat gazing into the classroom window.在那些沉闷的课堂教学中,许多学生知识呆呆地望着窗外. Guard n.警戒,警备;警卫员,看守,卫兵 Guard vt.守卫,捍
10、卫 vi.(against)防止,防范 Be on your guard against pickpockets.谨防扒手. Tooth paste with fluorine can effectively guard against tooth decay.含氟牙膏能有效防止蛀牙. Hostile a.敌对的,敌意的,不友善的;敌方的 It was very strange how hostile she was to all the beautiful girls approaching her husband.很奇怪,她对所有接近丈夫的漂亮女孩都心存敌意. indentical a.相
11、同的,同等的;同一的 My opinion are not always identical with my parentss.我的意见并不总是和父母的意见相同. All eggs look similar, but no two eggs are identical 所有鸡蛋看上去相似, 但没有两只鸡蛋是完全相同的 Leonardo da Vincis teacher once said to him.达芬奇的老师曾经告诉他说, inferior n.下级,下属 a.劣等的,次的;下级的 No inferior products should be allowed to pass. ;决不能
12、让任何次品漏网. In the past,women were regarded as inferior to men. ;过去,人们认为女人不如 男人. Launch n.发射;(船)下水 (新产品)投产 Launch vt.发射;发起(运动)推出(产品);使开始从事;使(船)下水 The first artifical satellite was launched by the former Soviet Union, which shocked the United States. 前苏联发射了第一颗人造卫星, 让美国人大惊失色. mechanism n.机械装置;机制,机理;办法,途径
13、 The bones and muscles are parts of the mechanism of the body. 骨骼和肌肉是人体的组成机体. The shell of my watch is transparent and the mechanisms inside can be seen.我的手表外壳是透明的,可以看见里面的机械装置. Match n.比赛,竞赛;对手,敌手;匹配,相配的人(或物);火柴 Match vt.和.相配,和.相称, vi.相配,相适合 The prince and princess in the fairy tales are always perf
14、ectly matched(=were always a perfect match).童话中的王子与公主永远都是天造地设的一对. The White Swan Hotel in Guangzhou cant be matched for friendliness.广州白天鹅宾馆良好的服务态度是无与伦比的. These shoes do not match one is large and the other is small.这双鞋不相配,一只大, 一只小. Negative n.负数;(照相机的)负片,底片 Negative a.否定的;反面的,消极的;负的,阴性的 He was susp
15、icious of having taken dopes,but his urine test was negative.他被怀疑服用了兴奋剂, 但他的尿样检测却是呈阴性的. Two negative makes a positive.负负得正. obligation n.义务,责任 To pay taxes is an obligation of every citizen.纳税是每一个公民的义务. Panic n.惊慌,恐慌,慌乱 v.(使)恐慌,(使)惊慌失措 The Asian Financial crisis caused panic selling of securities.亚洲
16、金融危机引起了债券的恐慌抛售. Peer n.同龄人,同等地位的人;贵族 vi.仔细看,费力地看 To lessen peer(group) pressure,many schools require their students to wear uniforms.为减少来自同龄群体的压力,许多学校要求学生们穿校服. He peered at the comp- uter screen,wondering what his programming mistake was.他仔细地看着计算机的显示屏,想知道他的程序出了什么错. Press v.压,按,挤; 压榨,压迫 Press n.报刊,报界
17、,新闻界;出版社,通讯社;压,按,挤;印刷机 In the press conference, the White House spokesman always avoids directly answering questions.在新闻发布会上,白宫发言人总是避免直 接回答问题. Time presses.Lets press on with our work.时间紧迫.我们加紧工作吧. Just press this button,and youll start the engine.只要按一下这个按钮便可启动这台发动机了. The problem of fuel presses for
18、 solution.这个燃料的问题急待解决. Rarely ad.不常,难得 Big Ben in London has rarely gone wrong.在伦敦“大本钟”很少出差错. Only rarely do I eat in restaurants.我极少到饭馆吃饭. scandaln.丑事,丑闻;流言蜚语;反感,愤慨 The former president of the Philipines took tax money for his own use, it was such a scandal.菲律宾总统贪污税款, 前可谓一大丑闻. Thread n. 线,细丝;线索,思路;
19、螺纹 vt.穿(针、线等) You lose the thread of your argument.你们的论点有失条理. You need a needle threader if you cant see clearly to thread a needle.如果看不清楚无法穿线, 你需要一枚穿针器. Lesson 2 Abandon vt.离弃,丢弃;遗弃,抛弃;放弃 The heartless man abandoned his disabled wife and ran away with all their money.那个没良心的男人抛弃了残疾的妻子,还带走了两人所有的钱. Si
20、nce there was no way to save the ship and its cargo, the captain issued the order to abandon ship.眼见拯救船只和船上货物无望, 船长发出了弃船令. acknowledge vt.承认,承认 的权威;告知收到,确认,报偿 Michael Jordan was acknowledged as the best basketball player in the NBA.迈克尔.乔丹是公认的前 NBA 最佳篮球选手. We acknowledge receipt of your cable No.123
21、sent this morning concerning the sample.兹确认,我方已收到你方关于样品的 123 号电传. Bump vt. 碰,撞;颠簸着前进 n.碰撞;隆起物 In the dim light I couldnt see clearly and bumped into a tree.昏暗中我看不清,一头撞在一棵树上. Circuit n.电路,线路;环行,环行道 I run two circuits of the track every morning in order to pass the 800-meter running test.我每天早晨沿跑道跑两圈以通
22、过 800 米考试。 n Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, you will see CCTV is the abbreviation of “Closed Circuit Television“.你要是查阅朗文当代英 语词典就会发现 CCTV 是“闭路 电视”的缩写. Complain vt.抱怨,诉苦;投诉,控告 Those who are always complaining should turn their attention to figuring out how to make it better. 那些天成天牢骚满腹的 人,
23、应该想想如何改变现状. You are always complaining about something.你总是满腹牢骚. conventional a.普通的,习惯的,常规的;符合习俗的,因循守旧的 The Russian Defense Minister maintained that his country should reduce expenditure on conventional weapons and spend more on strategic weapons.俄罗斯的国防部长坚持认为俄应削减花在常规武器上的开支, 而更多地在战略武器上投入. Mother is so
24、 conventional in her views.妈妈的观点太保守. destruction n.毁灭,破坏,消灭 The hot ash and the lava from the volcano Etna brought total destruction to the village.来自埃及特纳火山的滚烫 的火山灰和熔岩给那个小村庄带来彻底的毁灭. emergency n.紧急情况 Wahid threatened to proclaim a state of emergency if Congress decided to impeach him 瓦希德威胁说如果国会弹劾他,他就
25、宣布紧急状态. The patient was asked to ring the bell in an emergency and the nurses on duty would come straight away.病人在有紧急情况时可以按铃, 然后当班的护士就会立即前来. Fantasy n.想象,幻想;想象的产物 Young people often live in a world of fantasy and parents always tell them to face the reality. 年青人常生活在幻想的世界里,而父母亲总会告诉他们要面对现实. Stop looki
26、ng for a perfect job-its just a fantasy.别想找到十全十美的工作了,那简直是幻想. Function n.功能,作用,职能;重大聚会;函数 The function of a chairman at a meeting is to lead and control meetings.在会上,主席的职责是引导并控制会议. An old machine wont function properly if you dont oil it regularly.旧机器如果不经常加油是不能正常运转的. Heave vt.举起,拉起;扔; (沉重地)发出(叹息、呻吟等)
27、 Heave vi.(用力)举起,提起 (有节奏的)起伏;呕吐 n.举起,升降 The naughty children have just heaved a stone through my window.淘气的孩子们刚刚把一块石头扔进我的窗户. Identify vt.认出,鉴定; (with)把.等同于 vi.(with)认同 Do you identify beauty with wisdom? 你认为美貌与智慧能相等同吗? The characters on the rubbings are so blurred that it is difficult to identify.拓片
28、上的文字模糊不清, 难以识别. Jail n.监狱,看守所 vt.监禁,拘留 Romeo was sentenced to jail for 15 days for starting a fight with his rival.因为与情敌发生冲突,罗密欧被判 15 日监禁. Has it ever occurred to you that jails were first invented for debtors? 你有没有想过,监狱最初是为了关押欠债人而发明的? Line vt.使排成一行;划线于 vi.排队,排齐 Line n.线条;方针,路线;线路,电话线;线,绳;排,行;行业,专长
29、People lined the streets to see the famous man go past.人们站在街道两旁看那位 著名人士走过. Line and color are both important in portrait painting.线条和色彩在肖像绘画中 都很重要. Master vt.掌握,精通;征服,控制 a.主要的,重要的;精通的,优秀的 Master n.男主人,雇主;能手,名家,大师;M硕士 Who is the master mind behind this plan? 谁是这个计划的幕后决策人? I dont think we can master a
30、 language in a years study. 我不相信经过一年的学习我们就可以掌握一种语言. Notion n.概念,观念;意图,想法,念头 The notion that the earth is round has been widely accepted since Magellan accomplished the first voyage around the world. 关于地球是圆的概念已广泛为人们所接受自从麦哲伦首次完成环球旅行以来. Some men have a notion that women should never wear cosmetics.有些男人
31、认为女人应该素面朝天. Option n.选择;选择权,选择自由;(供)选择的事物 (或人物) The government has two options, to reduce spending or to increase taxes. 政府只有两种选择,不是削减开支便是增加税收. Please make a list of the various options.请列出可供选择的项目. Pay vt.付钱给,支出;给予(注意等),进行(访问等) Pay vi.付款;有利,值得;付出代价,受到惩罚 n.工资,薪金 It will pay in the long run if the set
32、ting off of firecrackers is effectively banned in the cities. 从长远来看,在城市里鞭 炮是值得的, 真正有效地禁放. Ill certainly pay you back for what you did to me! 你那样对待我,我一定要回敬你的! Rare a.稀有的,罕见的;珍奇的,出类拔萃的; Rare a.(空气)稀薄的;(肉等)煎得嫩的 Jasper White is one of those rare people who believe in ancient myths.贾斯珀.怀特是那些少有的相信古代神话的人之一
33、. The higher we go above the earth,the rarer the air is.我们离开地面越高,空气越稀薄. reflection n.映象,倒映;反射;反映,表达;深思,考虑,反省 Dont act without sufficient reflection.不要未经深思就采取行动. The dog barked at his reflection in the river.那条狗对着小河中自己的倒影吠叫. satisfactory n.令人满意的 When you think it over,you will see that it is the sati
34、sfactory way out.你好好考虑,就会明白那是惟一令人满意的出路. The Johnson Administration failed to come up with a satisfactory solution to the economic crisis. 约翰逊当局拿不出令人满意的解决办法来解决经济危机. shameeim ;vt.使蒙受羞辱,使丢脸 shameeim ;n.羞耻,羞愧,耻辱; 可耻的人(或事物); 遗憾的事,可惜 It is a shame to be so wasteful.这样浪费太可惜了. Will students feel great shame
35、 at having failed the final exam?学生们会为期末考试不及 格而感到羞耻吗? (Will students be shamed by their failure to pass the final exam?)学生们会为期末考试不及 格而感到羞耻吗? superficial a.肤浅的,浅薄的;表面的 Superficial scratches can be easily removed.表层的划痕很容易除掉. I have only a superficial knowledge of this subject.我对这个问题仅略知皮毛. sympathize v
36、i.(with)同情,怜悯 (with) 体谅,赞同 I sympathize with you; Ive had a similar unhappy experience myself.我很同情你,我自己也有过类似的不幸遭遇. We sympathize with the goals of the committee.我们赞同委员会的目标. Treaty n.条约,协定 The two leaders underline that the 1972 Anti-Ballistic Missile(ABM) Treaty is a vital cornerstone of global stra
37、tegic security.两位领导人强调 1972 年的反弹道导弹条约是全球战略安全的基石. undertake vt.承担,着手做;同意,答应,保证 During her husbands presidency, Jacqueline Kennedy undertook the coordin- ation of the White House restoration. 在丈夫担任总统期间,杰奎林.肯尼迪承担了协调白宫的修复工作. Unusual a.不平常的,少有的;与众不同的,独特的 It is quite unusual for a freshman to be younger t
38、han eighteen or older than nineteen but I was barely 16 when I entered college.一年级新生小于 18 岁或大于 19岁的相当少,但是我进大学时才 16 岁. The most unusual car was a Benz which had only three wheels.最奇特的小汽车是辆只有 3 个轮子的奔驰小汽车. Violate vt.违反,违背;亵渎;侵犯,妨碍 The soldier violated the church by using it as a stable.士兵们把教堂当马厩用而亵渎了它
39、. You have violated the traffic regulation.你违反了交通规则. This is double yellow line and no parking is allowed.这是双黄线,不可以停车的. wageweid ;n.常 pl工资,报酬 vt.开始,进行 The railroad workers have asked for a wage increase and the management is working on that.铁路工人要求增加工资,资方正在研究此事. The six members to the Shanghai Cooper
40、ation Organization have determined to wage war against terrorism,separatism and extremism. “上海合作组织“签约的 6 个成员国 决定向恐怖主义、分裂主义和极端主义开战. Lesson 3 accelerate v.使加快,(使)增速 Deng Xiaopings open policy has accelerated Chinas economic growth.邓小平的对外开放政策大大促进了中国经济的快速发展. Advocate vt.拥护,提倡,主张 n.拥护者,提倡者,辩护者 We advocat
41、e building more schools to provide more education opportunities for children.我们主张多建几所学校,给孩子们提供更多受教育的机会. The Chinese people are advocate of peace.中国人民都是和平的拥护者. Budget n.预算,预算拨款 Budget vi.编预算,作安排 vt.规划,安排 n.低廉的,收费公道的 The new financial secretary of Hong Kong is expected to announce fax cuts in this yea
42、rs budget.香港新任财政司司长香港人期望他在本年度预算中宣布削减税收. A lot of money has been saved by budgeting.通过预算开支,一大笔钱节省下来. Capable a.有能力的,有技能的 Not everyone is capable of judging art.并不是每个人都有鉴赏艺术的能力. The situation is capable of improvement.这种情况是可以改善的. That mobs capable of any crime.那个暴徒什么违法的事都干得出来. Combat n.战斗,格斗 v.与.战斗, 与
43、.斗争 In order to survive all kinds of competitions, a businessman has to combat with his rival. 要想在各种各样的竞争中站稳脚跟,商人就不得不与对手抗争. comprehensive a.广泛的,综合的 The state government of California gave a very comprhensive explanation of its plans for the development of the electronic industry.加利福尼亚州政府详尽地解释了对电子工业的
44、发展规划. Convince vt.使确信,使信服,说服 What conviced them to vote for Bush?究竟是什么说服了他们投布什的票? You should present evidences to convince the judge of your innocence.你得摆出证据使法官相信你的清白. Defeat n.击败,战胜;战败,失败 vt.击败,战胜;使失败,挫折 The Chinese U-21 Football Team was defeated by the Argentina Team in the football match. 中国青年足球
45、队在足球赛中输给了阿根廷队. Deserve vt.应受,应得,值得 Nature deserves our protection because we ourselves are part of it.大自然应受我们的保护, 因为我们自己也是它的一份子. economical a.节约的,节省的,经济的 Going by train is more economical than going by plane.坐火车比坐飞机更省钱. Bicycles are regarded as an economical alternative to buses whose fares have inc
46、reased 5 times in the past 3 years.自行车被看成是比公共汽车更实惠的交通工具,因为公共汽车票价在最近三年内涨了五倍. Evaluate vt.评价,估计,求.的值 The research project has been under way only for three months,so its too early to evaluate its success. 这个研究项目进行了不过三个月,所以要对它的成绩作出评价为时尚早. fantastic a.极好的,极出色的;极大的,难以相信的;异想天开的;奇异的 Li Yundis piano perform
47、ance is really fantastic.李云迪的钢琴表演实在是太出色了. There are many fantastic legends in ancient China.中国古代有许多稀奇古怪的传说. frontier n.边界,边境 frontier (the )开发地区的边缘边远地区; 常 pl.新领域 The frontiers of medical knowledge are being pushed farther outwards as time goes on. 医学知识的新领域正向前推进随着时间的推移. Guarantee vt.保证,担保 n.保证,保证书 Ev
48、ery new television comes with a guarantee.每台新电视机都有保修单. Blue skies are not always a guarantee of continuing fine weather.蔚蓝的天空并不能永远保证天气持续晴朗. Many shopkeepers guarantee satisfaction to customers.许多店主向顾客保证一定要让他们满意. Honor n.U光荣,荣誉;敬意,名誉;常 pl.优异成绩,大学荣誉学位课程 Honor vt.给.以荣誉;向.示敬意,尊敬 Its a great honor to mee
49、t you.见到你真是三生有幸. The strong powers must honour their commitments to smaller nations.大国应该履行对小国所作的承诺. Will you honor me with a visit?如蒙光临,荣幸之至. Invisible a.看不见的,无形的 Many distant stars are invisible to the naked eye.很多遥远的星球是肉眼看不到的. Goodwill is an invisible asset to a business.友好关系对于一桩生意来说是一种无形的资产. Manage vt.管理,经营,处理;设法,对付;控制,操纵 vt.处理,设法对付 Who will manage while the director is away? 总管不在时谁管事? Are you good at managing your money? 你善于理财吗? messmess n.凌乱状态,脏乱状态;混乱的局面,困境 vt.弄糟,弄脏,搞到 You ha
