1、1本词根词缀表总结了的蒋真英语词汇的奥秘和的刘毅词根词缀手册和金山词霸 2007 版中所列的词根词缀。外加一些其它材料里的资料。注意：字母 e 在词尾无意 义字母 i、o、u 在词中常作音节过渡，故有的 词中除去 词根多出一个这样的字母。若一个词根与其它后缀相连缺乏音节过渡，则须补一个这样的字母。词根中有字母 i 者,在词尾时变作 y一个词中必定有词根。遇到一个词由两个前缀或后缀加上词根组成时，分析其意思要由内而外。“独体词”英文中有些词汇没有词根、词缀的构成。a- =of,on; form,away from,off; out,extremelya- = not,without ab- =f
2、orm,away from,off abio =abiosis(无生命,无机)-ability (n,抽象名词) 可.性-able (adj) 可的-ably (adv) 可.地abs- =from eg. abstain tain=keepac-,ad-,af-,ag-,al-,an-,ap-,ar-,as-,at- =in,at,to,加强意义 (加与 d,h,j,m,v 前时后加 d；加于 c,k,q 前时后加 c;加于 f,g,l,n,p,r,s,t 前时双写该字母,ad 后不一定接 d)-ac 有.关系acanth = spinose (有刺的) -ace (n,抽象名词) -ace
3、ous (adj) acid,acr =sour(酸的),sharp( 锐利的) -acious (n,抽象名词) -acious (adj) -acity (n,抽象名词) 性质等-acle (n,抽象名词) 构成名词 acousto =sound(声音)acro = high(高)act =to act(行动) acuti = acuate(尖的，尖锐的)-acy (n,抽象名词) 性质等ad-,ac-,af-,ag-,al-,an-,ap-,ar-,as-,at- =in,at,to,加强意义 (加与 d,h,j,m,v 前时后加 d；加于 c,k,q 前时后加 c;加于 f,g,l,n
4、,p,r,s,t 前时双写该字母,ad 后不一定接 d)-ade (n,抽象名词) aer(o),ar,aro=air(空气)af-,ac-,ad-,ag-,al-,an-,ap-,ar-,as-,at- =in,at,to,加强意义 (加与 d,h,j,m,v 前时后加 d；加于 c,k,q 前时后加 c;加于 f,g,l,n,p,r,s,t 前时双写该字母,ad 后不一定接 d)Afro-表“非洲的, 非洲以及 .的”之义ag-,ac-,ad-,af-,al-,an-,ap-,ar-,as-,at- =in,at,to,加强意义 (加与 d,h,j,m,v 前时后加 d；加于 c,k,q
5、前时后加 c;加于 f,g,l,n,p,r,s,t 前时双写该字母,ad 后不一定接 d)ag =act-age, (n,抽象名词) 费用,状态,行为,身份,总称agog(ue) =to lead(领导)agr(o) =farm(农)-aholic,-oholic (人) 嗜好者ail,alter,altru,ulter =other(其他的,变更)2-ain (人)-aire (人)al- =all al-,ac-,ad-,af-,ag-,an-,ap-,ar-,as-,at- =in,at,to,加强意义 (加与 d,h,j,m,v 前时后加 d；加于 c,k,q 前时后加 c;加于 f,
6、g,l,n,p,r,s,t 前时双写该字母,ad 后不一定接 d)al,ol,ul =to nourish(滋养)-al (人) “具有职务的人“ -al (n,抽象名 词) 行为,人,物 加于动词后-al (adj) -ality (n,抽象名词) 性allo = difference(分歧,不同)-ally (adv) 方式，程度等alt =high(高的) alter,ail,altru,ulter =other(其他的) 变更altru,alter,ail,ulter =other(其他的) 变更am(ic), =to love(爱) amb =roundambi- =on both
7、sides,about,around ambul =walk(行走)amido =amido(氨基)amphi(c)-=both sidesampl=large(巨大 )amylo- 表”淀粉 ”(amylum)之义an- =negative(否定) = not,without an-,ac-,ad-,af-,ag-,al-,ap-,ar-,as-,at- =in,at,to,加强意义 (加与 d,h,j,m,v 前时后加 d；加于 c,k,q 前时后加 c;加于 f,g,l,n,p,r,s,t 前时双写该字母,ad 后不一定接 d)-an (人) 地方的人,精通的人-an (adj) -an
8、 (adv) 属于.的ana- =upon,on,up,apart-ance (n,抽象名词) 情况等-ancy (n,抽象名词) 情况等ancylo =attend(参加)andro =mankind or masculine(男性或阳性)-aneity (n,抽象名词) 性质等anemo- =wind(风)-aneous (adj) ang =to strangle(勒死；窒息) angio- =vessel(脉管), skin(包被)angl,angul =angle(角) Anglo- =Britain(英国)angul,angl =angle(角) anim =breath(气息),
9、mind(心) eg. Unanimous 一致同意的ann,en(ni) =year(年) ant(i)- =against,opposite to(与 pro-相反) -ant (人 )-ant (n,抽象名词) 物品和物质名称-ant (adj) ante- =before(与 post-相反) antho- =flower(花)anthrop(o) =man(人类) ap-,ac-,ad-,af-,ag-,al-,ar-,as-,at- =in,at,to,加强意义 (加与 d,h,j,m,v 前时后加 d；加于 c,k,q 前时后加 c;加于 f,g,l,n,p,r,s,t 前时双写
10、该字母,ad 后不一定接 d)apo- =away apt =fit(适当的) aqua, aque=water(水) aque, aqua=water(水) ar-,ac-,ad-,af-,ag-,al-,an-,ap-,as-,at- =in,at,to,加强意义 3(加与 d,h,j,m,v 前时后加 d；加于 c,k,q 前时后加 c;加于 f,g,l,n,p,r,s,t 前时双写该字母,ad 后不一定接 d)ar,aer,aro =air(空气)-ar (人)-ar (n,抽象名词) 物品和物质名称-ar (adj) arch =chief, leader,ruler(统治者) ar
11、ch(a)eo- 表示“古老的 , 原始的”之义ard=heat(热)-ard (人) （贬义）-arian (adj) 兼名词 (n,a)-arily (adv) -arium (n,抽象名词) 场所arm =weapons(武器)aro,ar,aer =air(空气)art =skill(技巧)，art（技术） -art (人) “做的人arthro = joint(结合) eg. arthritis n. 关节炎-arian (人) 派别的人-ary (人) “从事的人“-ary (n,抽象名词) 场所,物-ary (adj) as-,ac-,ad-,af-,ag-,al-,an-,ap
12、-,ar-,at- =in,at,to,加强意义 (加与 d,h,j,m,v 前时后加 d；加于 c,k,q 前时后加 c;加于 f,g,l,n,p,r,s,t 前时双写该字母,ad 后不一定接 d)-asm (n,抽象名词) 性质-ast (人) aster, astro=star(星)-aster (人) (谦称)astro, aster =star(星)at-,ac-,ad-,af-,ag-,al-,an-,ap-,ar-,as- =in,at,to,加强意义 (加与 d,h,j,m,v 前时后加 d；加于 c,k,q 前时后加 c;加于 f,g,l,n,p,r,s,t 前时双写该字母,
13、ad 后不一定接 d)-ate (人)-ate (n,抽象名词) 职位,职权,化学名词-ate (adj) -ate (v.) 成为处理,作用 其名词形式为 ation-atic (adj) -atie (adj) -ation (n,抽象名词) 行为，情况-ative (adj) 与.有关的 atom =air or steam(空气, 蒸汽)-ator (人) “做的人“ -atory (n,抽象名词) 场所, 地点-atory (adj)auct,aug =to increase(增强),to make,to grow(使产生，使增大)aud(io) =sound(声)aug,auct
14、=to increase(增强),to make,to grow(使产生，使增大)aur=hear(耳)auri =gold(金 )aut(o) =self(自我)aux =to assist (辅助)avi =bird(鸟)az(o)- =azote(氮)bacterio =bacterium(细菌)band,bond =to beat(捆绑)bar =bar(横木)baro =heavy(重),press( 压)bat=to beat(打)bat,bas =to,go(走)bas,bat =to,go(走)baso=base(基础, 底部)4be- =to make,upon,by,to
15、cover with(加以.; 用.)bell =war(战争)bene- =well,good(与 male 相反)benzo=benzene(苯)bi(n)- =double,two (bi 在元音之前加 n)biblio =book(书)-bility, (n,抽象名词) 动作,性质,状态bio =life(生命)blanc =white(白色)blasto =embryo(芽, 胚胎)-ble (adj) 表示“倍数 “的含义brachio =arm(臂)brachy =short(短)brew,brev,bri =short(短的 )brev,brew,bri =short(短的 )
16、bri,brev,brew =short(短的 ) brig =hit(打，战斗)broncho =windpipe(气管)bond,band =to beat(捆绑) by- =aside,beside,informal(非正式)caco- =badness(恶)cad,cas,cid,=to fall(落下，降临)caeco =caecum(盲肠)caeno =common(普通, 共同 )caino- =new(新), newly(最近 )calc(i) =calcium(钙) eg. Calcutcalli- =comeliness(美丽)calor =heat(热)camp =fie
17、ld(田野) cand =white(白色),bright(光亮的) cant,cent,chant =to sing,(唱歌) cap =heap(头 ) cap(t),ceive,cept,cip(ate) =to take(取) to catch( 获得 ) car =car(车),to run(跑) carb(o)=carbon(碳)card =paper(纸)cardi(o) =heart(心)carn =flesh(肉)carpo- =fruit(果实)caryo-, karyo- =karyon(细 胞核)cas,cad,cid,=to fall(落下) cast =to thr
18、ow(投掷) cata, cath, kata =under(下面),against(对)cate- =down,downwards,fully cath, cata=under(下面),against(对)cauli-, caulo- =caudex(茎)caulo-, cauli- =caudex(茎)cav =hollow(中空的) -ce, (n,抽象名 词) 行为,性质,状态ceal,veal =to hide(隐藏)ce(e)d,cap(t),ced(e),cess =to go(去) ，to yield(让步) ced(e),cap(t),ce(e)d,cess =to go(去
19、) ，to yield(让步) ced(e),ce(e)d,cap(t),cess =to go(去) ，to yield(让步) ceive,cept, cap(t),cip(ate) =to take(取) to catch(获得 )celer =swift(快速 )celio- =abdomen(腹部)cellul- =cellular(细胞的)celo-, coel =cavity(内腔)cent,cant,chant =to sing,(唱歌) ceno-, coeno- = common(普通, 共同)cent =hundred(百) 5centi- =one percent (百
20、分之一,厘)centr-=central(中心)cephal- =head(头)cept, cap(t),ceive, cip(ate) =to take(取);to catch( 获得)cern,crel =to separate(分离,区别) cer(c)- =cauda(尾), caudate(有尾的)cerebell- =cerebellar(小脑 的)cerebr- =cerebral(大脑的)cero- =cere(蜡)cert =sure(确定) cervi- =deer(鹿), corvine(鹿的)cervic- =neck(颈部)cess,cap(t),ced(e),cee
21、d =to go(去)， to yield(让步) cet- =whale(鲸 )chaeto- =thorn(刺),bristle(刚毛)chalco- =copper(铜), bronze(青铜)chant,cant,cent =to sing,(唱歌) cheiro- =bronze(手)cheli- =pincers(螯)chem- =chemistry(化学)chil- =lip(唇)Chino =China(中国)Chiro =hand(手)chlor =green or chlorine(绿, 氯)chol =gallbladder(胆)chondrio =cartilage(软
22、骨)chord, cord =cord(绳索,束缚)chori =chorion(绒毛膜)Christo =Christ(基督)chrom =color(颜色)chromat =colour or coloration(颜色, 染色)chromo =colour(颜色)chron =time(时间) chrys- =gold(金), golden(金色)-cian (人) .学家 cid,cad,cas=to fall(落下)cide,cis =to cut(切) cine- =movie(电影)cip(ate),cap,capt,cept=to take(取) to catch(获得)cir
23、c(l),cyc =ring(圆,环) circu(m)- =around,round,about cirr- =cirri(触毛)cis,cide =to cut(切) cis-, citra- =on this sidecite =to call(呼叫),to urge(驱策) citra-, cis- =on this side-city (n,抽象名词) 性质clado =sprout or branch(芽或枝)cla(i)m =to cry(大叫) clar =clear(清楚)-cle (n,含”小”意) 表示个体、个别cleido-, cleisto- =lockup(锁住,
24、闭住)cleisto-, cleido- =lockup(锁住, 闭住)climat- = climate(气候)clin,cliv =to bend(弯曲,倾斜) cliv,clin =to bend(弯曲,倾斜) clos,clud,clus =to shut(关闭) clud,clos,clus =to shut(关闭) clus,clos,clud =to shut(关闭) co,com,con,cop,cor,col-=together(一起,相互),with,wholly( 完全地) (接 r,l 时双写 r,l)6coct =to cook(煮；烹调) coel, celo- =
25、cavity(内腔)coeno-, ceno- = common(普通，共同)cogn(is), gnos =to konw(知道 ) col,cult =to till(耕种) col,co,com,con,cop,cor-=together(一起,相互),with,wholly( 完全地) (接 r,l 时双写 r,l)colo- =colon(结肠)con,co,com,cop,cor,col-=together(一起,相互),with,wholly( 完全地) (接 r,l 时双写 r,l)com,co,con,cop,cor,col-=together(一起,相互),with,who
26、lly( 完全地) (接 r,l 时双写 r,l)compu =computer (电脑)commun =common(共同的) concho =conch(贝壳)contro,counter =against,contra(相反地)cop,co,com,con,cor,col-=together(一起,相互),with,wholly( 完全地) (接 r,l 时双写 r,l)copro =dung(粪)cor,co,com,con,cop,col-=together(一起,相互),with,wholly( 完全地) (接 r,l 时双写 r,l)coralli- =coral(珊瑚)cord
27、,chord =cord(绳索,束缚)corp(or) =boby(身体),group( 团体)cortico- =skin(皮)cosmo =order(秩序), regularity(调和)cosm(o) =universe(宇宙) costo- =ribbing(肋骨), nervure(翅脉)count =to count(计算) counter-,contro- =against,contra(相反地)cour(s),cur(r) =to run(流，跑) cover =to cover(掩盖) crac(y), (n,抽象名词) “统治,支配“ -craft, (n,抽象名词) “
28、工艺,技巧“ cranio- =skull(颅骨)-crat (人) “某种政体,主义的参加者、支持者“cre(s),creas =to make(制造 ),to grow(生长) creas,cre(s)=to make(制造 ),to grow(生长) cre(e)d =to believe(相信) crel,cern =to separate(分离,区别) crim =accnsation(控诉),crime(罪行) crimin =spacecrit =to judge(判断) cross- =across,joincruc =cross(十字；交叉) crusta =shell (壳
29、)cryo kryo=cold(冷、冻)crypt =hidden (隐藏)crystall =crystal(结晶)cub =lie(躺、卧)-cule (n,含”小”意)cul=cultivate(培养)culp =blame(过失),guilt(罪过) cult,col=to till(耕、种) cumb =to lie down(横躺) cupr =cuprum(铜)cur(r),cour(s) =to run(流，跑) 7cure =to take care(注意，留心) curvi- =bend(弯曲)cuss =to strike(打击),to shake(摇动) -cy, (n
30、,抽象名词) “性质,状态,职位,级别,场所“ cyano- =blue(蓝色), navy blue(深蓝色)cyber- =computer(计算机)cyc,circ(l), =ring(圆,环) cyclo = circularity(圆、圆 周)cymo-,kymo- =wave(波)cyst- =vesicle(囊, 胞)de- =down(下),downward( 向下) (与 in 相反)de- =apart,from de-=negative(否定) 除去,向下,降低, 使成.，加 强意义deb,du =to owe(负债) dec(a), deka =ten(十), ten
31、times( 十倍)deci- =tenth(十分之一)dei =god(神) dem(o) =people(民众) demono- =demon(魔鬼)demi- =half dendr- =tree(树木)dent =tooth(牙齿) derm(at)=skin(皮肤) dex- =right (右，右手，机灵)di =day(日)di- =double,twice dia- =through,between,across dica =to proclaim(宣称), point out 指出dic(t),dit =to say(说)dif- =not,against,apart 用在
32、f 前 dign =worthy(有价值的)dipl- =pair(一对), couple( 一双)dis- =not,against,apart,make to (有时接以 s 开头词时要省一个 s,如 distinct)dit =give(给)divid,divis =to divide(分割) divis,divid =to divide(分割) doc(t) =to teach(教导) dogma,dox =opinion(意见) dom =to tame(驯服),to rule(统治) dom =dome(圆顶),house(房屋)-dom, (n,抽象名词) “等级,领域,状态“
33、don,dot,dow =to give(给予) dorm =to sleep(睡眠) dot,don,dow =to give(给予) d(o)ud,duo- =two,double dox,dogma =opinion(意见) dow,dot,don =to give(给予) draw =to draw(拉，引 ) drom =to run(跑),course(过程) du =tow(拖)du,deb =to owe(负债) duc(t) =to lead(领导,导致 ) duo,d(o)ud- =two,double dur =to last(持续) dur =to last(持续) d
34、yn(am) =power(力量) dys- =not good,not easy(不良，恶)e- =out, 加强或引申意义 -ean (人)ec- “ex-”之变体,表示“出，出的”之义ecclesio =ecclesia(教堂, 教会)8echin =echinate(有刺的, 有棘皮的)eco =ecological(生态、生 态学的)eco =house(家) ecto =outside(外面)-ectomy =cuttling-ecue (n)ed =eat-ed (adj) -ee, (人) “动作承受者 “-eel (adj) -eer (人 ) “从事于的人“ef- =out
35、,away from 用在 f 前 ego =I(我),self(自己) eka- =similar(类),to-be(准)-el, (n,含”小”意)electr(o) =electric(电的) em- =in 用在 b,m,p 前 em- =to pair (配以.) 用在 b,m,p 前 em 无 out 意em- =make to be.用在 b,m,p 前 em(pt) =to take(取),to buy(买) endo =witnin,inside eg. endoscopeemper，imper=order(命令 )，rule(统治)en- =in,into,on,at,ne
36、ar,make to been-=not en 无 out 意en(ni) ,ann 年 centennial 一世纪的-en (人) -en, (n,含 ”小”意)-en (adj) 由某种物质形成,制成或生产的含义-en (v.) “使成为,引起,使有“, 加于名词、形容词后-ence, (n,抽象名词) “性质,状况,行为,过程,总量,程度“-ence (adv) encephal =encephalon(脑)-ency, (n,抽象名词) “性质,状态,行为,过程“endo- =inside(内部)-ent (人)-ent, (n,抽象名词) 物品和物质名称的含义-ent (adj)
37、endo- =insideepi- =upon(在.上面),to,besides,among eph- “向, 反”之义ept =ability(能力)equ =epual(相等的) 赤道的,稳定的-er, (人) “从事某职业 的人, 某地的人“ -er, (n,抽象名 词) -er (adj) 表示“比较程度“的含义-er (v.) erg =energe(能量)err =to wander(流浪；漂泊), to err(偏离正道,犯错, 犯罪) -ern (adj) 表示方向的含义-ery, (n,抽象名 词) “行为,状态,习性,场所,学科,技术,物“es- ex-之变 体-esce
38、(v.) -ese, (人)-ese (adj) 国籍,语种,宗教的含义eso- =inward,within eg. endoscope-esque (adj) “相象 ,类似“的含义ess,est =to be(存在)-ess, (人) 女性人称名 词est,ess =to be(存在) -est (adj) “比较程度“的含义-et, (n,含”小”意)-et (n,抽象名词) 小的-ete, (adj) 9ethno- =race(种族), peoples(民族)-etta,-ette (n,含”小”意 )-ette,-etta, (n,含”小”意 )-ety, (n,抽象名词) “性
39、质,状态“eu- =excellent(优, 善)-eur, (人 ) 家“ ev =age(年龄,时代)evit=avoid(避免, 消除)ex- =out of,fully;former 前任的,以前的;make to be-(ex 后接以 s 开头词 根时常省去 s)exo- =outextra- =beyond (以外,超过)fabl,fabul =to speak(说) fabul,fabl =to speak(说)fac =face(面部；正面),forehead(前额);make( 制作)fac(t),fect =to make(做),to do(做；为) -faction, (
40、n,抽象名词) “作成,化,作用“ -facture, (n,抽象名词) “作成,化,作用“fall,fals =to deceive(欺骗) fals,fall =to deceive(欺骗) fam =to speak(说，论)fan,phan =appearance(外观；出现) fare =to go(走) febri =fever(发烧)fect,fac(t) =to make(做),to do(做；为) feder =federal(联盟)fem =woman(女人)femto =quadrillionth (千万亿分之一)fend,fens,fest =to strike(打 击
41、) fens,fend,fest =to strike(打 击) fer =to carry(运；载),to bear(忍耐) ferr =contain iron (含铁)ferv =to boil(沸腾) -ferous (adj) bearing(承受)fess =to speak(说) fest =festival(节目；祝宴) fest,fend,fens =to strike(打 击)fibr =fibre(纤维)fice=make to be(使得)eg. effcient,proficient,deficiemcy,sufficiency,beneficfict,fig =to
42、 feign(假装) fid =to trust(相信) fig,fict =to feign(假装) figur =to shape(形成)，figure(形状) fil =threadlike(线状的),to spin( 纺织), threadlike(线 状的)fin(it) =to end(结束),range( 范围) firm =firm(坚固的) fissi =split(分裂, 裂片)Fitz =ones son (.的儿子)fix =to fasten(缚；固定) flabelli =fan(扇)flagr,flam =flame(火焰),to burn(燃烧) flam,fl
43、agr =flame(火焰),to burn(燃烧) flat =to blow(吹) flav =yellow(黄色)flect,flex =to bend(弯曲) flex,flect =to bend(弯曲) eg. reflex 反省flict =to strike(打击) flor =flower(花) flu =to flow(流) -fold (adj) “倍数“10-folk (人)foli =leaf(叶子) for- =away from ,禁止,离去,克制forc =force(强制) fore- =before,earlierform =to form(形成),form
44、( 形状) fort =strong(强壮的) forth- =towards found，fund =to pour,base(基础) fract,frag =to bread(打破) frag,fract =to bread(打破)Franco- = Gallo(法国的)frater =brother(兄弟) eg. fraternalfrig =cold(冷 )-ful (n,抽象名词) .的量 -ful (adj) 表示“充分的“含义-fully (adv) 有.性 质地fug =to flee(逃、散) fund，found =base(基础) fuse =to pour(倾;倒;流
45、) fuse熔化-fy (v.) 表示“使化, 使成“galact,lact =milk(乳)gam =marriage(婚姻) gangli =ganglion(神经节)gastr gastric(胃的)gen(er),gen(i)t =to produce(制造;生产),race(种族)gen(i)t,gen(er) =to produce(制造;生产),race(种族) geo- =earth(地球)ger,gest =to carry(运；载)Germano =Germanic(德意志的)geront =oldster(老人)gest,ger =to carry(运；载)giga =b
46、illion(十亿)glaci =ice(冰)glor =beautify(美化)gnos,cogn(is) =to konw(知道 ) glosso, glotto =tongue(舌)glotto, glosso =tongue(舌)glycol =glycerol(甘油)gon =angle(角 )gra =graceful(优美),favor(恩泽)grad,gress =to walk(行走)Gr(a)eco =Greek(希腊的,希腊人的)gram,graph =to write(书写) gran =grain(谷物，谷粒)grand =grand(大的) grand- 祖孙关系g
47、raph,gram =to write(书写) -grapy, (n,抽象名词) “学,写法“grat,gree =to please(喜好) grav =heavy(重) gree,grat =to please(喜好) greg =gather(聚集) gress,grad =to walk(行走)gym =naked(裸的) eg. gymnasiumgyn(eco)- =female(女，雌)hab(it),hibit =to have(拥有),to keephaem, hem,hema,hemo =blood(血)hagi =saint or Holy Land(圣徒,圣地)hal =sea or salt(海洋, 盐)hap =accidental(机会,偶发)hapl =single or simple (单一, 简单)
