1、decline n.下降,减少,衰退 The arts of China have not declined in spit of the Western influence.虽有西方影响,中国的艺术并未因此而衰落. The price of mobile telephones has declined sharply. ;手机的价格下降得非常 厉害. The United Kingdom is now no more than an empire that has declined. ;大英帝国如今只是一个业已衰落的帝国. develop vi.生长,发育,形成; 发展,扩展 vt.发展,开
2、发;制定, 研制,成长;逐步产生, 发挥 A good teacher is surely an instructor ; who can develop the capabilities of each student. ; 一个好老师一定 是一个能激发每个学生 潜能的导师. Juliet Wus ambition is to develop a national corporation into a worldwide business. ;吴士宏的抱负 是要把一个国内企业扩 展成世界性的企业. elaborate a.精心计划的,详尽的; 复杂的 vt.详述,详细制订 vi.详述 I j
3、ust want the facts in brief;you dont need to elaborate. ;我只想简单了解事实, 你不必作详细说明. I dont want elaborate lace pattern on my dress,just make it simple. ;我不想裙子上有复杂精美 的花边图案,简简单单 就行. excite vt.使兴奋,使激动; 引起,激起 Strong coffee excites your nerves. ;浓咖啡刺激神经, 使人兴奋. Emperor Qinshihuangs cruelty excited a rising of t
4、he people. ;秦始皇的残暴引起了人民 的反抗. fatal a.致命的,灾难性的, 毁灭性的;重大的, 决定性的 The city of Tangshan has such a new look that it hardly reminds ; people of the fatal earthquake that eccured over 30 years ago. ; 唐山市如今面貌一新, 几乎让人想不起 30 多年前的毁灭性的 地震. formal a.正规的,正式的, 合礼仪的;形式上的, 表面的 Business letters are usually formal, ;
5、but we write in a informal way to family members or friends. ; 商业信件通常都是讲究格 式的, 但我们给家人或朋友写 信就比较随便了. gaze v./n.凝视,注视 In those boring letures,many students just sat gazing into the classroom window. ;在那些沉闷的课堂教学 中,许多学生知识呆呆地 望着窗外. guard vt.守卫,捍卫 vi.(against)防止, 防范 guard n.警戒,警备;警卫员, 看守,卫兵 Be on your guar
6、d against pickpockets. ;谨防扒手. Tooth paste with fluorine can effectively guard against tooth decay. ;含氟牙膏能有效防止 蛀牙. hostile a.敌对的,敌意的,不友 善的;敌方的 It was very strange how hostile she was to all the beautiful girls approaching her husband. ; ;很奇怪, 她对所有接近丈夫的漂亮 女孩都心存敌意. indentical a.相同的,同等的; 同一的 My opinion
7、are not always identical with my parentss. ;我的意见并不总是和父母 的意见相同. All eggs look similar, but no two eggs are identical, Leonardo da Vincis teacher once said to him.;所有鸡蛋看上去相似, 但没有两只鸡蛋是完全 相同的 ;达芬奇的老师曾经告诉 他说.inferior n.下级,下属 a.劣等的,次的;下级的 No inferior products should be allowed to pass. ;决不能让任何次品漏网. In the
8、 past,women were regarded as inferior to men. ;过去,人们认为女人不如 男人. launch n.发射;(船)下水 (新产品)投产launch vt.发射;发起(运动) 推出(产品);使开始 从事;使(船)下水The first artifical satellite was launched by the former Soviet Union, which shocked the United States. ;前苏联发射了第一颗人 造卫星, 让美国人大惊失色. mechanism n.机械装置;机制,机理; 办法,途径 The bones a
9、nd muscles are parts of the mechanism of the body. ;骨骼和肌肉是人体的组成 机体. The shell of my watch is transparent and the mechanisms inside can be seen. ;我的手表外壳是透明的, 可以看见里面的机械 装置. match n.比赛,竞赛;对手,敌手; 匹配,相配的人(或物); 火柴match vt.和.相配, 和.相称, vi.相配,相适合 The prince and princess in the fairy tales ; are always perfec
10、tly matched(=were always a perfect match). 童话中的王子与公主永远都是天造地设的 一对. The White Swan Hotel in Guangzhou cant be matched for friendliness.广州白天鹅宾馆良好的 服务态度是无与伦比的. These shoes do not match;one is large and the other is small. ;这双鞋不相配,一只大, 一只小. negative a.否定的; 反面的,消极的; 负的,阴性的 negative n.负数;(照相机的) 负片,底片 He wa
11、s suspicious of having taken dopes,but his urine test was negative. ;他被怀疑服用了兴奋剂, 但他的尿样检测却是呈阴 性的. Two negative makes a positive. ;负负得正. obligation n.义务,责任 To pay taxes is an obligation of every citizen. ;纳税是每一个公民的 义务. panic n.惊慌,恐慌,慌乱 v.(使)恐慌, (使)惊慌失措 The Asian Financial crisis caused panic selling o
12、f securities. ;亚洲金融危机引起了债券 的恐慌抛售. peer pi ;n.同龄人,同等地位的人; 贵族 vi.仔细看,费力地看 To lessen peer(group) pressure,many schools require their students to wear uniforms. 为减少来自同龄群体的压 力,许多学校要求学生们 穿校服. He peered at the comp- uter screen,wondering what his programming mistake was. 他仔细地看着计算机的显 示屏,想知道他的程序出 了什么错. press
13、 n.报刊,报界,新闻界; 出版社,通讯社; 压,按,挤;印刷机 press v.压,按,挤; 压榨,压迫 In the press conference, the White House spokesman always avoids directly answering questions. ; ;在新闻发布会上,白宫发言人总是避免直 接回答问题. Time presses.Lets press on with our work. ;时间紧迫.我们加紧工作 吧. Just press this button,and youll start the engine. ;只要按一下这个按钮便可
14、启动这台发动机了. The problem of fuel presses for solution. ;这个燃料的问题急待 解决. rarely ad.不常,难得 Big Ben in London has rarely gone wrong. ;在伦敦“大本钟”很少出 差错. Only rarely do I eat in restaurants. ;我极少到饭馆吃饭. scandal n.丑事,丑闻;流言蜚语; 反感,愤慨 The former president of the Philipines took tax money for his own use, it was such
15、a scandal. ;菲律宾前总统贪污税款, 可谓一大丑闻. thread n. 线,细丝;线索,思路; 螺纹 vt.穿(针、线等) You lose the thread of your argument. ;你们的论点有失条理. You need a needle threader if you cant see clearly to thread a needle. 如果看不清楚无法穿线, 你需要一枚穿针器. Lesson 2 bump vt. 碰,撞;颠簸着前进 n. 碰撞;隆起物In the dim light I couldnt see clearly and bumped in
16、to a tree. ;昏暗中我看不清,一头撞 在一棵树上.circuit n.电路,线路; 环行,环行道I run two circuits of the track every morning in order to pass the 800-meter running test. 我每天早晨沿跑道跑两圈以通过 800 米考试。In Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, you will see CCTV is the abbreviation of “Closed Circuit Television“. 你要是查阅朗文当代英 语词典;就
17、会发现 CCTV 是“闭路 电视”的缩写.complain vt.抱怨,诉苦; 投诉,控告Those who are always complaining should turn their attention to figuring out how to make it better. 那些天成天牢骚满腹的 人,应该想想如何改变现状.You are always complaining about something. ;你总是满腹牢骚.conventional a.普通的,习惯的, 常规的;符合习俗的, 因循守旧的The Russian Defense Minister maintaine
18、d that his country should reduce expenditure on conventional weapons ; and spend more on strategic weapons. 俄罗斯的国防部长坚持 认为俄应削减花在常规武器上 的开支,而更多地在战略武器上 投入.Mother is so conventional in her views. ;妈妈的观点太保守.destruction n.毁灭,破坏,消灭The hot ash and the lava from the volcano Etna brought total destruction to t
19、he village. 来自埃及特纳火山的滚烫 的火山灰和熔岩给那个小村庄带来彻底 的毁灭.emergency n.紧急情况Wahid threatened to proclaim a state of emergency if Congress decided to impeach him ;瓦希德威胁说如果国会弹劾他,他就宣布紧急状态.The patient was asked to ring the bell in an emergency and the nurses on duty would come straight away. 病人在有紧急情况时可以 按铃,然后当班的护士就会立
20、 即前来.fantasy n.想象,幻想; 想象的产物Young people often live in a world of fantasy, and parents always tell them to face the reality. ;年青人常生活在幻想的 世界里,而父母亲总会告诉他们 要面对现实.Stop looking for a perfect job-its just a fantasy. ;别想找到十全十美的工 作了,那简直是幻想.function n.功能,作用,职能; 重大聚会;函数The function of a chairman at a meeting is
21、 to lead and control meetings. 在会上,主席的职责是引 导并控制会议.An old machine wont function properly if you dont oil it regularly. 旧机器如果不经常加油是 不能正常运转的.heave vt.举起,拉起;扔; (沉重地)发出(叹息、 呻吟等)heave ;vi.(用力)举起,提起 (有节奏的)起伏;呕吐 n.举起,升降The naughty children have just heaved a stone through my window. 淘气的孩子们刚刚把一块 石头扔进我的窗户.ide
22、ntify vt.认出,鉴定; (with)把.等同于 vi.(with)认同Do you identify beauty with wisdom? ;你认为美貌与智慧能相等 同吗?The characters on the rubbings are so blurred that it is difficult to identify. ;拓片上的文字模糊不清, 难以识别.jail n.监狱,看守所 vt.监禁,拘留Romeo was sentenced to jail for 15 days for starting a fight with his rival. ;因为与情敌发生冲突,罗
23、 密欧被判 15 日监禁.Has it ever occurred to you that jails were first invented for debtors? ;你有没有想过,监狱最初 是为了关押欠债人而发 明的?line n.线条;方针,路线; 线路,电话线;线,绳; 排,行;行业,专长line vt.使排成一行;划线于 vi.排队,排齐People lined the streets to see the famous man go past. ;人们站在街道两旁看那位 著名人士走过.Line and color are both important in portrait pa
24、inting. ;线条和色彩在肖像绘画中 都很重要.master n.男主人,雇主;能手, 名家,大师;master vt.掌握,精通;征服,控制 a.主要的,重要的; 精通的,优秀的Who is the master mind behind this plan? ;谁是这个计划的幕后 决策人?I dont think we can master a language in a years study. ;我不相信经过一年的 学习我们就可以掌握一种 语言.notion n.概念,观念;意图, 想法,念头The notion that the earth is round has been wi
25、dely accepted since Magellan accomplished the first voyage around the world. ;关于地球是圆的概念已广 泛为人们所接受自从麦哲伦首次完成环球 旅行以来,Some men have a notion that women should never wear cosmetics. ;有些男人认为女人应该 素面朝天.option n.选择;选择权,选择 自由;(供)选择的事物 (或人物)The government has two options, to reduce spending or to increase taxe
26、s. 政府只有两种选择,不是削减开支便是增加 税收.Please make a list of the various options. ;请列出可供选择的项目.pay vt.付钱给,支出; 给予(注意等), 进行(访问等)pay vi.付款;有利,值得; 付出代价,受到惩罚 n.工资,薪金It will pay in the long run if the setting off of firecrackers is effectively banned in the cities. ;从长远来看,在城市里鞭 炮是值得的,真正有效地禁放.Ill certainly pay you back
27、for what you did to me! ;你那样对待我,我一定要 回敬你的!rare a.稀有的,罕见的; 珍奇的,出类拔萃的;Jasper White is one of those rare people who believe in ancient myths. ;贾斯珀.怀特是那些少 有的相信古代神话的人 之一.rare a.(空气)稀薄的; (肉等)煎得嫩的The higher we go above the earth,the rarer the air is. ;我们离开地面越高,空气 越稀薄.reflection n.映象,倒映; 反射;反映,表达; 深思,考虑,反省D
28、ont act without sufficient reflection. ;不要未经深思就采取 行动.The dog barked at his reflection in the river. ;那条狗对着小河中自己的 倒影吠叫.satisfactory n.令人满意的When you think it over,you will see that it is the satisfactory way out. ;你好好考虑,就会明白那 是惟一令人满意的出路.The Johnson Administration failed to come up with a satisfactory
29、solution to the economic crisis.;约翰逊当局拿不出令人 满意的解决办法来解决经济危机.shame vt.使蒙受羞辱,使丢脸shame n.羞耻,羞愧,耻辱; 可耻的人(或事物); 遗憾的事,可惜It is a shame to be so wasteful. ;这样浪费太可惜了.Will students feel great shame at having failed the final exam? (Will students be shamed by their failure to pass the final exam?) ;学生们会为期末考试不及
30、格而感到羞耻吗?superficial a.肤浅的,浅薄的; 表面的Superficial scratches can be easily removed. ;表层的划痕很容易除掉.I have only a superficial knowledge of this subject. ;我对这个问题仅略知 皮毛.sympathize vi.(with)同情,怜悯 (with) 体谅,赞同I sympathize with you; Ive had a similar unhappy experience myself. ;我很同情你,我自己也有 过类似的不幸遭遇.We sympathize
31、with the goals of the committee. ;我们赞同委员会的目标.treaty n.条约,协定The two leaders underline that the 1972 Anti-Ballistic Missile(ABM) Treaty is a vital cornerstone of global strategic security.两位领导人强调 1972 年 的反弹道导弹条约;是全球战略安全的基石.undertake vt.承担,着手做; 同意,答应,保证During her husbands presidency, Jacqueline Kennedy
32、 undertook the coordin- ation of the White House restoration. ; ;在丈夫担任总统期间,杰奎林.肯尼迪承担了协 调白宫的修复工作.unusual a.不平常的,少有的; 与众不同的,独特的It is quite unusual for a freshman to be younger than eighteen or older than nineteen but I was barely 16 when I entered college. 一年级新生小于 18 岁 或大于 19 岁的相当少,但是我进大学时才 16 岁.The m
33、ost unusual car was a Benz which had only three wheels. ;最奇特的小汽车是辆只有 3 个轮子的奔驰小汽车.violate vt.违反,违背;亵渎; 侵犯,妨碍The soldier violated the church by using it as a stable. ;士兵们把教堂当马厩用而 亵渎了它.You have violated the traffic regulation. ;你违反了交通规则.This is double yellow line and no parking is allowed. ;这是双黄线,不可以停
34、车的.wage n.薪水;报酬,报应The railroad workers have asked for a wage increase and the management is working on that. 铁路工人要求增加工资,资方正在研究此事.The six members to the Shanghai Cooperation Organization ; have determined to wage war against terrorism,separatism and extremism. 上海合作组织“签约的 6 个成员国决定向恐怖主义、分裂主 义和极端主义开战.Le
35、sson 3budget ;n.预算,预算拨款The new financial secretary of Hong Kong ;香港新任财政司司长budget ;vi.编预算,作安排 vt.规划,安排 n.低廉的,收费公道的is expected to announce fax cuts in this years budget. ;香港人期望他在本年度预 算中宣布削减税收.A lot of money has been saved by budgeting. ;通过预算开支,一大笔钱 节省下来.capable ;a.有能力的,有技能的Not everyone is capable of j
36、udging art. ;并不是每个人都有鉴赏艺 术的能力.The situation is capable of improvement. ;这种情况是可以改善的.That mobs capable of any crime. ;那个暴徒什么违法的事都 干得出来.combat ;n.战斗,格斗 v.与.战斗, 与.斗争In order to survive all kinds of competitions, ;要想在各种各样的竞争中 站稳脚跟,a businessman has to combat with his rival. ;商人就不得不与对手 抗争.comprehensive ;a
37、.广泛的,综合的The state government of California gave a very comprhensive explanation of its plans for the development of the electronic industry. 加利福尼亚州政府 详尽地解释了对电子工业的发展规划.convince ;vt.使确信,使信服,说服What conviced them to vote for Bush? ;究竟是什么说服了他们投 布什的票?You should present evidences to convince the judge of y
38、our innocence. ;你得摆出证据使法官相信 你的清白.defeat ;n.击败,战胜;战败,失败 vt.击败,战胜; 使失败,挫折The Chinese U-21 Football Team ; was defeated by the Argentina Team in the football match. 中国青年足球队在足球赛中输给了阿 根廷队.deserve ;vt.应受,应得,值得Nature deserves our protection because we ourselves are part of it. 大自然应受我们的保护,因为我们自己也是它的一 份子.eco
39、nomical ;a.节约的,节省的,经济的Going by train is more economical than going by plane. ;坐火车比坐飞机更省钱.Bicycles are regarded as an economical alternative to buses ; whose fares have increased 5 times in the past 3 years. 自行车被看成是比公共汽 车更实惠的交通工具,因为公共汽车票价在最 近三年内涨了五倍.evaluate ;vt.评价,估计, 求.的值The research project has be
40、en under way only for three months, so its too early to evaluate its success. 这个研究项目进行了不过 三个月,所以要对它的成绩作出 评价为时尚早.fantastic ;a.极好的,极出色的; 极大的,难以相信的; 异想天开的;奇异的Li Yundis piano performance is really fantastic. ;李云迪的钢琴表演实在是 太出色了.There are many fantastic legends in ancient China. ;中国古代有许多稀奇古怪 的传说.frontier ;
41、n.边界,边境frontier ;(the )开发地区的边缘 边远地区;The frontiers of medical knowledge are being pushed farther outwards ;医学知识的新领域正向 前推进as time goes on. ;随着时间的推移.guarantee ;vt.保证,担保 n.保证,保证书Every new television comes with a guarantee. ;每台新电视机都有保 修单.Blue skies are not always a guarantee of continuing fine weather. ;
42、蔚蓝的天空并不能永远 保证天气持续晴朗.Many shopkeepers guarantee satisfaction to customers. ;许多店主向顾客保证一定 要让他们满意.honor ;n.honor ;vt.给.以荣誉; 向.示敬意,尊敬Its a great honor to meet you. ;见到你真是三生有幸.The strong powers must honour their commitments to smaller nations. ;大国应该履行对小国所作 的承诺.Will you honor me with a visit? ;如蒙光临,荣幸之至.in
43、visibleMany distant stars are invisible to the naked eye. ;很多遥远的星球是肉眼看 不到的.Goodwill is an invisible asset to a business. ;友好关系对于一桩生意来 说是一种无形的资产.manage ;vt.管理,经营,处理; 设法,对付;控制,操纵 vt.处理,设法对付Who will manage while the director is away? ;总管不在时谁管事?Are you good at managing your money? ;你善于理财吗?mess ;n.凌乱状态,脏
44、乱状态; 混乱的局面,困境 vt.弄糟,弄脏,搞到You have made a mess of the job! ;你把工作弄的一团糟.Ive just cleaned the floor,and youve messed it up again by dropping bits of paper everywhere! ; ;我刚扫干净地板,你又把纸屑弄得到处都 是,把地板搞脏.morderate ;a.中等的,一般的; 温和的,稳健的; 有节制的,适度的morderate ;v.(使)和缓; (使)减轻Parents should moderate their language when
45、 children are present. ;孩子们在场时,父母们讲 话应有节制.notify ;v.通知,告知,报告When your bike is stolen,do you notify the police or just accept the bad luck? ;如果自行车被偷,你是通 知警察,还是自认倒霉?odd ;a.不成对的,单的; 奇数的;挂零的,剩余的odd ;a.奇特的,古怪的; 临时的,不固定的;Some people get odder as they grow older. ;有些人越老越古怪.parade ;n.游行,检阅 v.(使)列队行进, (使)游行T
46、he Olympic Games begin with a parade of all the competing nations. ;奥运会以参赛各国运动员 的列队行进开始.He is always parading his wealth/his knowledge. ;他总是夸耀自己的财富/ 知识.peculiar ;a.奇怪的,古怪的; 特有的,独具的,独特的Language is peculiar to mankind. ;语言是人类特有的.personality ;n.个性,人格; 人物,名人The purpose of educa- tion is to develop a fin
47、e personality in children. ;教育的目的是发展孩子完 美的品格.prevail ;vi.流行,盛行,获胜, 成功Truth is great and will prevail. ;真理是至高无上的,且必 将获胜.At last justice has prevailed and the guilty man has been punished. ;正义最终取得了胜利, 作恶的人受到了惩罚.quality ;n.质,质量;品质,品德; 性质,特性This new model is of high quality and is not expensive either.
48、;这种新款式质量非? 而且也不贵.One quality of wood is that it can burn. ;木材的一个特性是可以 燃烧.reckon ;vt.认为,估计; 指望,盼望;测算,测量Do you still reckon him as your friend? ;你还认为他是你的 朋友吗?I reckon there are at least fifty people in the room. ;我估计房间里至少有 50 个人.A machine for weighing people has a scale from one pound to 300 pounds on
49、 it. ;称体重的机器上有从 1磅 到 300 磅的刻度.scale ;vt.攀登scale ;n.大小,规模;等级The scale of this map is one centimeter to the kilometer. ;这个地图的比例是 1 厘米 代表 1 公里.The tax was scaled up/ down to 10 percent. ;税按比例增/减百分之十.wealthy ;a.富裕的If we want everyone to live a healthy,wealthy and happy life, ;如果我们想使每个人都能 过健康、富裕和幸福的生 活,strict birth control is quite essential. ;就必须实行严格的计划 生育.A man who is wealthy in compassion sometimes suffers a lot. ;感情丰富的人有时候很 遭罪的.Lesson 4adviseYasir Arafats father advised him to go into business, but he was determined to strive all out to
