1、（01）- 社会发展词汇安居工程 housing project for low-income families保障妇女就业权利 to guarantee womens right to employment城镇居民最低生活保障 guarantee of subsistence allowances for urban residents在城镇强制推行以养老、失业、医疗为重点的社会保险 Social welfare insurance, particularly old-age, unemployment and medical insurance, must be made mandator
2、y in urban areas.城镇社会保障体系 the social security system in urban areas城镇职工基本医疗保险制度 the basic medical insurance system for urban employees创新精神 be innovation-minded; to have a creative mind促进学生德、智、体、美全面发展 ensure that students improve in terms of their moral, intellectual and fitness level as well as in t
3、heir appreciation of aesthetics待业人员 job seekers待遇优厚的工作 a well-paid job单亲家庭 single parent family独生子女 the only child反对迷信 be against superstition福利分房 buy a benefit-oriented apartment from the organization one works with岗位培训 on-job training高度重视精神文明建设 pay close attention to cultural and ethical progress搞
4、好优生优育 promote good prenatal and postnatal care工资收入分配制度 the wage and income distribution system关系国计民生的大事 matters vital to national well-being and the peoples livelihood关心和支持残疾人事业 Programs to help the physically and mentally challenged deserve our care and support.关心老龄人 care for senior citizens.贵族学校 e
5、xclusive school（美）; select school（英）国企下岗职工基本生活保障 guarantee of basic cost of living allowances for workers laid off from state-owned enterprises过温饱生活 live a life at a subsistent level合理调整就业结构 to rationally readjust the employment structure继续开展“扫黄打非” 斗争 The fight against pornography, illegal publicati
6、ons and piracy shall be continued.加快住房分配货币化进程 capitalization process of housing distribution/allocation加强计划生育工作 further improve family planning加强舆论监督 ensure that the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion家庭美德 family virtues坚持“两手抓、两手都要硬” 的方针 adhere to the principle of “doing two jobs at
7、once and attaching equal importance to each”坚持正确的舆论导向 maintain the correct orientation for public opinion建设廉洁、勤政、务实、高效政府 build a clean and diligent, pragmatic and efficient government建设一个富强、民主、文明的国家 build a prosperous, strong, democratic and culturally advanced country教育程度 educational status; educat
8、ion received戒毒所 drug rehabilitation center扩大就业和再就业 to expand employment and reemployment劳动保障监察制度 the labor security supervision system面临困境 face adverse conditions人口出生率 birth rate人口老龄化 aging of population人民生活水平 quality of life; the living standards弱势群体 disadvantaged groups社会保障 social security社会福利制度 t
9、he social welfare system社会公德 social morality社会互助制度 the social mutual help system社会治安状况好转 see an improved law-and-order situation深入扎实地开展群众性精神文明创建活动 Extensive public participation activities are launched to promote cultural and ethical progress.生活待遇 material amenities生活费收入 income available for cost of
10、 living生活费用 cost of living; income maintenance; subsistence cost生育保险制度 the childbirth insurance system失学儿童 dropouts失业保险 guarantee of unemployment insurance benefits失业保险 unemployment insurance失业保险制度 the unemployment insurance system失业率 rate of unemployment实施积极促进就业的政策 to implement the policy of vigoro
11、usly increasing employment实现基本普及九年义务教育 The goal in the effort to make nine-year compulsory education basically universal has been attained.实现小康目标 attain the goal of ensuring our people a relatively comfortable life实行弹性大、灵活性强、多样化的就业形式 to adopt elastic, flexible, diversified forms of employment实行计划生育、
12、控制人口数量、提高人口素质 promote family planning and control the population size and improve the health of the people实行劳动合同制度 to institute a labor contract system树立正确的价值观、世界观、人生观 help foster in the young the morally sound values and outlook on the world and life思想道德建设（思想政治工作） moral education among people提高部分优抚
13、对象抚恤标准 Allowances for certain disabled service men and women and family members of revolutionary martyrs and service men and women have been increased.提高劳动者素质 to enhance workers quality统筹兼顾城乡就业 to make overall plans for urban and rural system推动就业服务向社区延伸，形成多层次的就业服务网络 to encourage the formation of com
14、munity-run agencies as a part of the multi-level employment service network推进素质教育 push ahead with education for all-around development推行职业资格证书制度 to introduce a vocational qualification credentials system退休基金 pension fund脱贫 lift off poverty; cast off poverty完善和落实再就业优惠政策 to improve and implement prefe
15、rential reemployment完善失业保险制度 to improve the unemployment insurance system文明城市 model city; culturally advanced city; city cited for high moral and cultural standards物业管理 estate management, property management消费价格总水平 the general price level小家庭 nuclear family小康生活 enjoy a fairly comfortable life; be mod
16、erately better off新生儿死亡率 infant mortality rate; neonatal mortality rate行行出状元 Every profession produces its own leading authority.研究生毕业证/学位证 graduate diploma/graduate degrees diploma养老保险 retirement insurance养老保险制度 the old-age insurance system医疗保险 medical insurance医疗保险制度 the medical insurance system应试
17、教育 examination-oriented education system优抚安置制度 the special care and placement system优化就业结构 to optimize employment structure有公德心 be civic-minded舆论导向 direction of public opinion舆论监督 supervision by public opinion预期寿命 life expectancy灾害救助制度 the natural disaster relief system在职博士生 on-job doctorate招生就业指导 e
18、nrolment and vocation guidance争取实现高等教育大众化 work to make regular higher education accessible to the majority of young people政府主导计划 government-sponsored programs职业道德 ethics of profession中华人民共和国劳动法 the Labor Law of the Peoples Republic of China中专生 secondary specialized or technical school student重视发展具有比
19、较优势和市场潜力的劳动密集型企业 to stress the development of labor-intensive enterprises with comparative advantages and market potential抓好农村和流动人口计划生育管理与服务 devote efforts to the management of family planning and related services in rural areas and among the floating population自然增长率 natural growth rate自学成才 self-tau
20、ght and self-made person; become a qualified professional through self-taught way最低生活保障制度 the minimum living standard security system（02 ） 外经贸类词汇澳新紧密经济关系协定 ANZCERTA：Australia New Zealand Closer Economic Relations Trade Agreement摆脱亚洲金融危机的影响 shake off the impact of the financial crisis帮助人才脱颖而出 help ex
21、cellent talents find way to distinction备件 spare parts部长级会议 ministerial meeting采取积极财政政策 proactive fiscal policy出口创汇型/外向型产业 export-oriented industry垂直兼并 vertical merger倒爷 profiteer 抵免 offset东盟自由贸易区 AFTA：ASEAN Free Trade Area东南亚国家联盟 ASEAN：Association of South-East Asian Nations对外项目承包 foreign project co
22、ntracting反倾销措施 anti-dumping measures against 防伪标志 anti-fake label放松银根 ease monetary policy 非配额产品 quota-free products非生产性投资 investment in non-productive projects风险管理/评估 risk management/ assessment风险基金 venture capital风险准备金 loan loss provision/ provisions of risk岗位培训 on-the-job training港元的联系汇率制 the lin
23、kage system between the US dollar and the HK dollar搞活国有大中型企业 revitalize large and medium-sized state owned enterprises工程项目 engineering project工业增加值 industrial added value公正合理 equitable and rational固定资产投资 investment in the fixed assets广开就业门路 increase employment opportunities; create jobs in every pos
24、sible way; open up more channels of employment规模经济 scale economy/ economies of scale国合企业（即国有合作社）state-owned cooperatives国际清算 international settlement国际收支平衡 balance of international payments/ balance of payment国际收支不平衡 disequilibrium of balance of payment国家补贴 public subsidies国家鼓励项目 projects listed as
25、encouraged by the state国家科技创新体系 State Scientific and Technological Innovation System国家现汇结存 state foreign exchange reserves合理引导消费 guide rational consumption横向兼并 horizontal merger坏帐、呆帐、死帐 bad account/ dead account/ uncollectible account/bad debt/ bad loan货币市场 money market机构臃肿 overstaffing in (governme
26、nt) organizations机构重叠 organizational overlapping 技工贸结合的科技型企业 scientific and technological enterprises that integrate scientific and technological development with industrial and trade development季节性调价 seasonal price adjustments既成事实 established/accomplished facts减免债务 reduce and cancel debts建材 buildin
27、g materials进口环节税 import linkage tax经常项目 current account经常性的财政收入 regular revenues竟价投标 competitive bidding就业前培训 pre-job training控股公司 holding company垃圾融资 junk financing劳动密集性企业 labor-intensive enterprises劳务合作 labor service cooperation累计实现顺差 143.4 美元 accumulatively realizing trade surplus利改税 substitution
28、 of tax payment for profit delivery流动人口 floating population 龙头产品 flagship product乱集资、乱摊派、乱收费 unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition of donations and exaction of fees from enterprises/ unauthorized pooling of funds, compulsory donations and random levies on enterprises慢性萧条 chronic depres
29、sion 农业技术合作 ATC：Agricultural Technical Cooperation盘活存量资产 revitalize stock assets配件 accessories皮包公司 flying-by-night company; bogus company平等互利、讲求实效、形式多样、共同发展的方针 pursuing practical results, adopting various waysand seeking common development/ the principle of equality, mutual benefit, efficiency, dive
30、rsity and mutual development瓶颈制约 “bottleneck” restrictions企业的自我约束机制 self-regulating mechanism of enterprises企业技术改造 technological updating of enterprises企业亏损补贴 subsidies to cover enterprise losses企业所得税 corporate income tax千年问题、千年虫 millennium bug抢得先机 take the preemptive opportunities清理、修订 screen and m
31、odify求同存异 overcome differences and seek common ground商住和公益设施建设 commercial, residential and public utility construction申报制度 reporting system; income declaration system实行股份制 enforce stockholding system实行国民待遇 grant the national treatment to, treat foreign investors as quals to the Chinese counterparts市
32、场准人的行政管理措施 AAMA Administrative Aspects of Market Access适销对路的产品 readily marketable products双重轨制 two-tier system / double-track system水利 water conservation所有制形式 forms of ownership贪图安逸 crave comfort and pleasure通货紧缩 deflation通货膨胀 inflation同步增长 increase in the same pace外援方式 modality of foreign aid无氟冰箱 f
33、reon-free refrigerator无纸交易 paperless transaction 现代企业制度 modern corporate system消费膨胀 inflated consumption协议投标 negotiated bidding信息化 informationize 形成统一、开放和竞争有序的市场 establish an unified, open market with orderly competition亚欧会议 ASEM：Asia-Europe Meeting亚太法定计量论坛 APLMF：Asia Pacific Legal Metrology Forum亚太
34、工商咨询理事会 ABAC：APEC Business Advisory Council亚太计量程序 APMP：Asia Pacific Metrology Program亚太经合组织部长级会议 AMM：APEC MinisteriaI Meeting亚太经合组织经济领导人会议 AELM： APEC Economic Leaders Meeting亚太经济合作组织 APEC：Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation亚太能源研究中心 APERC： Asia Pacific Energy Research Center亚太商业论坛 ABF：APEC Business For
35、um亚太商业网络 APB-Net：Asia-Pacific Business Network亚太实验室认可合作 APLAC：Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation亚太通讯与数据系统 ACDS： APEC Communications and Database System亚太信息基础设施 APII：Asia-Pacific Information Infrastructure亚太中小企业技术交流与培训中心 ACTETSME：APEC Center for Technology Exchange and Training for Sma
36、ll and Medium Enterprises亚洲开发银行 ADB: Asian Development Bank以试点的形式实行外贸权自动登记制度 implement an automatic registration system of foreign trading rights on a trial basis营业税 turnover tax在巩固公有制主体地位的同时,促进多种所有制经济共同发展 alongside fortifying the status of the public ownership as the mainstay, it is also encouraged
37、 to witness common development of different systems of ownership债转股 debt-to-equity swap中华人民共和国保护台湾同胞投资实施条例 Implementation Rules of the P.R.C. on the Protection of Investments by Compatriots from Taiwan中介服务组织 intermediary service organization注入新的生机与活力 bring new vigor and vitality into转化经营机制 change th
38、e method of operation资本项目 capital account自 1999 年 1 月 1 日起实行 come into official enforcement as of January 1, 1999自由浮动汇率 free floating exchange rate; variable exchange rate自驻经营,自负盈亏 responsible for their own management decisions, profits and losses走上良性发展的轨道 going on the track of sound progressshippin
39、g service company 船务公司generic products 非商标(非专利)产品prudent monetary policy 稳健的货币政策deficit spending 超前消费run on banks(到银行) 挤兑domestic support to agriculture 对农业的国内支持special bonds 特种债券economy of abundance 富裕经济Animal-based protein 动物源性蛋白dual purpose exports 军民两用品出口dual-use goods and technology 军民两用产品和技术NA
40、FTA North American Free Trade Area 北美自由贸易区global quota 全球配额grandfather clause 祖父条款Animal-derived food 动物源食品EVSL (Early Voluntary Sectoral Liberalization)部门提前自愿自由化、TILF (Trade and Investment Liberalization and Facilitation)贸易和投资自由化和便利化(03)改革开放词汇保险业 The insurance industry保证重点支出 Ensure funding for prio
41、rity areas被兼并或挤掉 annexed or forced out of business补发拖欠的养老金 Clear up pension payments in arrears不良贷款 Nonperforming loan层层转包和违法分保 Multi-level contracting and illegal subcontracting产值 output value城乡信用社 Credit Cooperative in both urban and rural areas城镇居民最低生活保障 A minimum standard of living for city resi
42、dents城镇职工医疗保险制度 The system of medical insurance for urban workers抽样调查 data from the sample survey出口信贷 Export credit初步建立社会主义计划商品经济新体制。 to establish at a preliminary level a new system of socialist planned commodity economy.贷款质量 Loan quality贷款质量五级分类办法 The five-category assets classification for bank l
43、oans第二产业 secondary industry第三产业 tertiary industry第一产业 primary industry独资企业 wholly foreign owned/funded enterprise发电量 electric energy production发挥市场的调节作用 to give play to the regulatory role of the market发展过快 excessive growth防范和化解金融风险 Take precautions against and reduce financial risks防洪工程 Flood-preve
44、ntion project非法外汇交易 Illegal foreign exchange transaction非公有成分 non-public sectors非贸易收汇 Foreign exchange earnings through non trade channels非银行金融机构 Non-bank financial institutions费改税 Transform administrative fees into taxes分配形式 forms of distribution风险资金 risk funds副业 sideline production改革是“社会主义制度的自我完善和
45、自我发展“。 Reform is “the self-perfection and self-development of the socialist system.“改革重点转移到城市 the focus of reform is shifted to the cities改善经济环境 improve economic environment搞活企业 invigorate/ revitalize/ rejuvenate enterprises各尽所能，按劳/需分配。 from each according to his ability, to each according to his wo
46、rk/needs.跟踪审计 Follow-up auditing工程监理制度 The monitoring system for projects公有制 public ownership鼓励 give incentive to管理不善 poor management国际收支 international balance of payments国家保障国有经济的巩固和发展。 The state ensures the consolidation and growth of the state economy.国家的根本任务是，集中力量进行社会主义现代化建设 The basic task of th
47、e nation is to concentrate its efforts on socialist modernization.国民生产总值 GNP (Gross National Product)国内生产总值 GDP (Gross Domestic Product)国有经济，即社会主义全民所有制经济，是国民经济中的主导力量。 The state economy is the sector of socialist economy under ownership by the whole people; it is the leading force in the national eco
48、nomy.国有资产安全 The safety of state-owned assets过度开垦 Excess reclamation合同管理制度 The contract system for governing projects合资企业 joint venture合作企业 cooperative enterprise和平演变 peaceful evolution宏观控制 exercise macro-control机电产品 Electromechanical products积极的财政政策 Pro-active fiscal policy基本生活费 Basic allowances基石 c
49、ornerstone计划经济和市场调节相结合的机制 a mechanism that combines planned economy and market regulation家庭联产责任承包制 family-contract responsibility system结售汇制度 The system of exchange settlement and sales解除劳动关系 Sever labor relations解放生产力 liberate/unshackle/release the productive forces金融监管责任制 The responsibility system for financial supervision经济安全 Economic security经济和法律的杠杆 economic and legal leverages经济计划和市场调节相结合 to combine economic planning with market regulation经济结构改革。 reform in economic structure经营机制 operative mechanism精华、精粹、实质 quintessence举措 move靠扩大财政赤字搞建设 To increase the deficit to spend more
