1、河南专升本论坛 1语法系列复习专题五-介词、连接词介 词学习介词用法除要掌握一般常规用法外,还须注意一些特殊用法,固定搭配等。一、表示时间介词注意点：1in一段时间in一段时间s time(与将来时连用)in three daysin three days timewithin一段时间（用于各种时态）如：You must finish reading the book within a week.你必须在一周内读完这本书。 2on Christmas Day 在圣诞节；at Christmas 在圣诞节的几天中3up to nowuntil now, from morning till nig
2、ht, for the time being 暂时，at times 有时，day by day 一天天地，in no time 立刻。4during 是介词，不能引导从句。二、注意一些表示地点场所介词短语的引伸、比喻含义in the mud 在泥中，beyond hope 绝望, in freezing 在严寒天气中，in danger 在危险中，in trouble 在困境中，in public 在公共场合中，under construction 在建设中，on business 出差，in the same boat 处境一样，on sale 在出售三、表示方式、手段、工具等介词（by,
3、with,on,in）1.by: The blind men thought they could learn what the elephant looked like by touching it./ make a living by teaching/ by hand 手工地，靠手工地，by letter, by post, by electricity, learn sth. by heart, struck by the beauty 因美丽 而着迷 He was paid by the hour/ the day/ month/他按时/日/月/被付给工钱。by plane/ tra
4、in/ ship/ air/ water/ sea/, by means of 用手段，方式；by way of 经由，取道于 learn English by/ over/ through/ on the radio2.on: live on food, kneel on ones knees, lie/ sleep on ones back / side / face仰/侧/俯卧（睡）3.in: in English, in ink, in silence, in one voice 异口同声地，in a hurry 匆忙地，in surprise 惊讶地 4with: write wit
5、h a pen, work with ones hands, smell with ones nose, beat the horse with a whip(鞭子)如：Well meet 我们三天后碰头。河南专升本论坛 2四、相近介词（短语）辨析1. on“关于” ，学术性强：a lecture on computerabout“关于” ，知识性或随便谈论：a discussion about the plan2. go/come/walk/run 后只能用 into, put/sit down/throw/jump/fall 后可用 in/into3. over 在正上方，under 在正
6、下方above 在上面（不一定垂直上方） ，below 在下面4. in an hour 一小时后，用于将来时after an hour 一小时后，用于过去时5. beside 在旁边besides 除之外（还有）except 除之外except for 除（非同类事物）之外6. on/in the streetat 50 Dongfeng Road 在东风路 50 号7. a hole in the walla picture on the walla piece of news in the newspaperthe words in the envelopthe monkey in th
7、e treethe apples on the tree(树上的苹果。表示长在树“上”的果实要用介词“on”)8. the tallest boy of(in) the class/school/(象 class 这类群体单位名词前可用of 或 in)the tallest(boy) of the ten boys(象 boys 这类非群体名词前，只能用 of)9. with the help / the permission of 在 帮助/允诺下under the leadership / the care of 在领导/关心下10. be familiar with sb./sth. 熟
8、悉某人/某物be familiar to sb. 为某人所熟悉11. be absent from meeting/class 开会/上课缺席be sbsent in sp. 不在某处12. be strict with sb. 对某人严格要求be strict in sth. 严格对待某事13. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国的东部(在中国境内)河南专升本论坛 3Korea lies on the east of China. 朝鲜与中国的东部接壤。Japan lies to the east of China. 日本位于中国的东部（不接
9、壤） 。14. at least 至少in the least 丝毫，一点15. in the air 空中，在流传on the air 播出16. shout to 呼喊，向喊shout at 对吼，责骂17. in the way 挡路，障碍，妨碍in a way 在某点上，在某种程度上by the way 顺便问一下on ones way(to) 在路上18. at the corner 在拐角处（外角）in the corner 在拐角里，在角落里（内角）on the corner 在角落上（外角）19. on fire 着火，失火on the fire 在火上at the fire
10、在炉边20. in the endat lastfinallyby the end of 到末止at the end of 在结束时，在末端，at the end 最后。21. after a timeafter some time 过一段时间后behind time 迟到，过期ahead of time 提前，超前sometime 某时some time 某段时间，某一时期sometimes 有时at a timeeach time 每次at one timeonce 曾经22. for a momentfor a while/minute 一会儿for the moment 暂时in a
11、moment 立刻at the moment 当时the moment/minute/second/instanceas soon as 河南专升本论坛 4一就23. be tired of 讨厌 be tired with 因而疲倦24. be popular with sb. 受某人的欢迎be popular for 因而流行be popular in sp. 在某处流行25. be pleased with名词/what 从句 对满意 be pleased at抽象名词 听/看到而高兴26. be known to sb.为某人所知be known as 作为而出名，被叫作be know
12、n for 因而出名27. be busy with sth.忙于某事be busy(in) doing sth.忙着做某事28. be late for迟于参加（某项活动）： She was late for supper.她吃晚饭去迟了。be late with某事办迟了： She was late with the supper.她晚饭烧迟了。介词考点分析1My uncle lives_ 105 Beijing street. A.on B.at C.to D.of析：门牌号码前要用 at。2He slept well_all the windows open.A.when B.whil
13、e C.with D.because析：A、B、D 都是连词，其后应接句子(与 slept 相应，open 应为 opened)故都不合此题。with all the windows open 是“with名词形容词”独立结构,在此作方式状语。故答案为 C。3We offered him our congratulations_his passing the college entrance exams.A.at B.of C.for D.on析：congratulate sb. on sth.对某人的某事表示祝贺，这是固定说法；offer/express congratulations on
14、 sth./doing sth.对某事/做某事表示祝贺。在这一结构中也用on。故此题答案是 D。河南专升本论坛 54If you keep on, youll succeed_. A.in time B.at one time C.at the same time D.on time析：四个选项中 in time 有“终究” 。 “迟早”意，在此合用，故此题答案为 A。5Great men never give up_difficulty.A.in face of the B.when facing withC.in the face of D.when facing by析：in face
15、ofin the face of 表“面对”意。此题是“面对任何困难”意，为泛指，并非特指，所以答案为 C。6The train leaves at 6:00 p.m. So I have to be at the station _ 5:40 p.m.at the latest. A.until B.after C.by D.around析：by 可表“不迟于(no later than)”意。until 与 I have to be at the station连用，要以“notuntil”形式出现，故在此不合；after 在此也不合；around 表“大约”意，太笼统了。故此题答案应为
16、C。连 接 词一、连词分类：1并列连词：是指连接对等的词、词组和句子，而不是连接主句与从句 的连词，如：and, bothand, neithernor, not onlybut also, as well as, but, however, while(而), still, yet, or, eitheror, otherwise, so, for, therefore, thus等。2从属连词：指连接主句与从句的连词，如：that, whether, if, before, after, as , as soon as, once, since, ever since, till, unt
17、il, when, whenever, while, because, since, now that, sothat(既然), suchthat, so that, in order that, as if,as thouth,though, although, even though, no matter who/whoever/，unless, as/so long as, in case(以防)等。二、使用连词注意点：1for 是并列连词，它所引出的理由是一种补充说明，语气很弱。它所引导的分句几乎可以放在括号里。其引导的分句不能放在句首。例如：He might have gone to
18、 bed, for the light went out.2though 和 although 引导从句时主句前不能用 but。例如下面句子是错误的：Although/Though he was ill, but he went to school.(改正的方法是将 but 去掉，河南专升本论坛 6或将 although, though 去掉)。3because，as 引导原因状语从句时，主句前不能用 so。例如下面句子是错的：As /Because there are no classes tomorrow，so they will go on a picnic.（改正的方法是去掉 as,
19、because 或去掉 so。 ）4当 because 用来解释或说明某一动作时，不能用 for 来代替。Why 开头的问句要用because 开头引出原因，而不能用 for 开头引出原因。连词考点分析1She thought I was talking about her daughter,_in fact I was talking about my daughter.A.whom B.where C.which D.while析：空白处需填一个表示转折对比的连词，while 可表“而” 、 “却”意，故答案为 D。2He hasnt yet arrived. He may,_, come
20、 later.A.but B.though C.or D.however析：从空白处看，前后都有逗号，however 适合填入，又因 however 意“然而” ， “但是” ，填入空白处后，前后两句意思连贯，故 D 为正确选项3 I dont like fish_ chicken. I dont like fish_ I like chicken very much.A.and; and B.and; but C.or; but D.or; and析：观察第一句，谓语为否定式，其空白处应该用 or 来连接并列事物，故可排除 A、B。观察第二句，显然空白处需用一个转折连词，故答案为 C。4Go
21、od technique in medicine means less pain and fewer deaths and,_ ,it is our duty to master it.A.altogether B.therefore C.otherwise D.however析：从上下文看，前后为因果关系，故应选 B。5Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially_ Father was away in France.A.as B.that C.during D.if析：首先可排除 C。因为 during 是介词，不能
22、引导从句。that 和 if 虽然可以引导从句，但不能表述 Mother was worried 的原因。故只能选 A。6_ you dont like him is none of my business.A.What B.Who C.That D.Whether析：从题干看，需要空白处填一词引出 you dont like him 这样一个事实，显然只有选C.That 合适。河南专升本论坛 77The day breaks_ the birds are singing.A.because B.as C.since D.for析：若选 A、B、C，则 The day breaks(天亮)的原
23、因就是 the birds are singing(鸟叫)，显然这是不成理的，只有 for 引出的句子作为一种附加说明才成立。介词、连词专练1The place isnt too bad, is it?_ its a bit too crowded.A.No, but B.Yes, though C.No, because D.Yes, yet2Five minutes earlier,_ we could have caught the last train.A.but B.and C.so D.or3They may go to London, but they are not certa
24、in_.A.still B.yet C.already D.however4This word may be used both as a noun_as a verb.A.as well as B.nor C.and D.or5I have read one of his plays_a lot of his poems.A.but B.while C.as well as D.as well6We cant see air, _,it does exist.A.and B.but C.however D.still7Do what you have been told,_ you will
25、 be punished.A.and B.but C.or D.after all8She was ill,_she cant come.A.for B.therefore C.but D.or9I thought he hated TV.You are right,_he still watches the program.A.besides B.also C.then D.yet10_you are dismissed.A.Either you go or B.Whether you go orC.Both you go and D.Not only you go but also11It
26、 is strange, _ it is true.A.if B.or C.so D.and12I asked her to stay for tea,_ I had something to tell her.河南专升本论坛 8A.but B.for C.or D.and13I remember_ this used to he a quiet village. (NMET)A.when B.how C.where D.what14It will be hours_ she comes back.A.before B.since C.after D.by15I had no idea abo
27、ut it_ he told me.A.until B.there C.that D.where16Air to us is _ water to fish.A.what B.that C.which D.of which17When you read the book, youd better make a mark_ you have questions.A.where B.at which C.at where D.the place where18I had no idea where he had been_ he told me.A.when B.until C.except D.
28、because19_,Mother will wait for him to have dinner together. (NMET)A.However late is he B.However he is lateC.However D.However late he is20It worried her a bit_ her hair was turning gray. (NMET)A.while B.that C.if D.for21I dont doubt_ he can pass the entrance examination.A.whether B.when C.that D.h
29、ow22Never believe anything_ any other person has believed it.Use your own mind.A.that B.when C.because D.nor23Dont stop_you meet with a word you don t understand.A.at that time B.each time C.sometimes D.before24Take an umbrella_ it rains.A.in case B.in any case C.because D.for25_the teacher found go
30、odness, he praised it.A.Wherever B.However C.As D.Because26I saw a stranger_ a distance of ten yards.A.at B.in C.by D.to27She went to Shanghai_ way of Nanjing.A.by B.on C.in D.to28Mr.Smith set out_ USA last week.A.about B.in C.to D.for河南专升本论坛 929_the leadership of the Party,we should not have succee
31、ded.A.Under B.With C.Having not D.But for30Its well-known_ all of us that Taiwan belongs_ China.A.by; to B.to; to C.for; to D.to; of 31_what age do children begin to go to school?A.Of B.From C.For D.At32My aunt came back_ three days.A.after B.in C.around D.about33What did people say_ me?A.with B.by
32、C.forward D.of34In this company we are paid_the month.A.on B.at C.by D.for35Students who live in crowded homes find it difficult to study_comfort.A.in B.for C.from D.without36She looks quite young_her age.A.at B.of C.by D.for37The car went_the direction of the post office.A.to B.in C.by D.for38Child
33、ren are often named_ their parents.A.after B.with C.on D.for39Lets go home.Ok. Im getting tired_ shopping.A.with B.at C.about D.of40Kates little brother kicked the ball to the river, she took great trouble to get it _ the water.A.on B.over C.from on D.from over41We are still one mile_ the destinatio
34、n (目的地).A.in need B.out of C.outside D.short of42She worked_ science_ her life.A.on; throughout B.at; of C.for; for D.out; in43The boy is quick_ understanding.A.of B.about C.to D.over44The field was full_ sheep feeding_the new grass.河南专升本论坛 10A.with; on B.of; in C.with; in D.of; on45You unlock the d
35、oor_ turning the key_ right.A.by; to B.by; on C.in; on D.in; to46We stopped _ London_ the way_ New York.A.in; or; to B.at; on; of C.at; on; to D.at; to; of47In some countries children normally go to school_bikes.A.onto B.on C.by D.in48He was listened_ great interest.A.to B.to with C.with D.in49Considered_a building material, wood is very strong.A.for B.upon C.on D.as50The mountains look grey_ the blue sky.A.against B.over C.under D.for
