1、1美国大学生必读书目 100本（原版）经典Walden Or, Life in the Woods by Henry David Thoreau A remarkable account of a man seeking a more simple life by living in harmony with nature.On the Origin of Species by Charles Darwin The book that revolutionized the natural sciences and every literary, philosophical and religi
2、ous thinker who followed.The Iliad by Homer The Iliad is one of the two great epics of Homer, and is typically described as one of the greatest war stories of all time.Selected Poems of Emily Dickinson The perfect volume for readers wishing to explore the works of one of Americas first poets. The Ar
3、t of War by Sunzi A book which should be used to gain advantage of opponents in the boardroom and battlefield alike.The Prince by Niccolo Machiavelli Its essential contribution to modern political thought lies in Machiavellis assertion of the then revolutionary idea that theological and moral impera
4、tives have no place in the political arena.Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte A superb evocation of a time and place; a complex, detailed character study; a believable and compelling plot; and, more than anything else, a magnificent love story.A Tales of Two Cities by Charles Dickens This story of the Fr
5、ench Revolution brings to life a time of terror and treason, and a starving people rising in frenzy and hate to overthrow a corrupt and decadent regime.The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain Perhaps the best-loved nineteenth-century American novel, Mark Twain s tale of boyhood adventure overflow
6、s with comedy, warmth, and slapstick energy.The Count of Monte Cristo by Alexandre Dumas One of the greatest tales of revenge of all time.War and Peace by Leo Tolstoy A s Napoleon s army invades, Tolstoy brilliantly follows characters from diverse backgrounds ”peasants and nobility, civilians and so
7、ldiers ”as they struggle with the problems unique to their era, their history, and their culture.Essays by Ralph Waldo Emerson The writings featured here show Emerson as a protester against social conformity, a lover of nature, an activist for the rights of women and slaves, and a poet of great sens
8、itivity.Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte One of literature s most disturbing explorations into the dark side of romantic passion. Heathcliff and Cathy believe they re destined to love each other forever, but when cruelty and snobbery separate them, their untamed emotions literally consume them.The
9、Complete Works of William Shakespeare Shakespeare is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the worlds preeminent dramatist.Apology, Crito, and Phaedo of Socrates by Plato The trial and condemnation of Socrates on charges of heresy and corrupting young minds is a defining
10、 moment in the history of Classical Athens. In tracing these events through four dialogues, Plato 2also developed his own philosophy, based on Socrates manifesto for a life guided by self-responsibility.Symposium by Plato Plato explores, through a series of speeches, the nature and origins of love a
11、nd passion.The Divine Comedy by Dante A moving human drama, an unforgettable visionary journey through the infinite torment of Hell, up the arduous slopes of Purgatory, and on to the glorious realm of Paradise-the sphere of universal harmony and eternal salvation.Paradise Lost by John Milton Conside
12、red to be the greatest epic poem in English literature. Its roots lie in the Genesis account of the worlds creation and Adam and Eves expulsion from Eden.Pygmalion by George Bernard Shaw A perceptive comedy of wit and wisdom about the unique relationship between a spunky cockney flower-girl and her
13、irascible speech professor.Leaves of Grass by Walt Whitman “The most extraordinary piece of wit and wisdom that America has yet contributed.” ” Ralph Waldo Emerson.The Works of Aristotle Aristotles views on the physical sciences profoundly shaped medieval scholarship, and their influence extended we
14、ll into the Renaissance.The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer The tales, some of which are originals and others not, are contained inside a frame tale and told by a collection of pilgrims on a pilgrimage from London Borough of Sout Canterbury.The Devils Dictionary by Ambrose Bierce Bierce was an
15、iconoclastic literary genius and this compilation of definitions (written for a satirical magazine during the 1880s) is a true American classic. Some may find Bierce sexist, nationalist and racist, but most readers will enjoy his malevolent scepticism and underlying rage against hypocrisy.20,000 Lea
16、gues Under the Sea by Jules Verne A group of men set sail to solve the mystery of a sea monster in this amazing underwater adventure.Moby Dick by Herman Melville A masterpiece of storytelling and symbolic realism, this thrilling adventure and epic saga pits Ahab, a brooding sea captain, against the
17、great white whale that crippled him.Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad Exploring the workings of consciousness as well as the grim realities of imperialism, Heart of Darkness tells of Marlow, a seaman and wanderer, who journeys into the heart of the African continent to discover how the enigmatic Ku
18、rtz has gained power over the local people.Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson This dark psychological fantasy is also a product of its time, drawing on contemporary theories of class, evolution, criminality, and secret lives.Voltaires Philosophical Dictionary A series of short, radica
19、l essays alphabetically arranged that form a brilliant and bitter analysis of the social and religious conventions that then dominated eighteenth-century French thought.Candide by Voltaire In the story of the trials and travails of the youthful Candide, his mentor Dr. Pangloss, and a host of other c
20、haracters, Voltaire mercilessly satirizes and exposes romance, science, philosophy, religion and government.3The Hunchback of Notre Dame by Victor Hugo An epic tale of beauty and sadness, The Hunchback of Notre Dame portrays the sufferings of humanity with compassion and power.Les Miserables by Vict
21、or Hugo In this story of the trials of the peasant Jean Valjeana man unjustly imprisoned, baffled by destiny, and hounded by his nemesis, the magnificently realized, ambiguously malevolent police detective JavertHugo achieves the sort of rare imaginative resonance that allows a work of art to transc
22、end its genre.Father Goriot by Honore de Balzac A masterful study of a father whose sacrifices for his daughters have become a compulsion, this novel marks Balzacs “real entre” into La Comdie Humaine, his series of almost one hundred novels and short stories meant to depict “the whole pell-mell of c
23、ivilization.”The Atheists Mass by Honore de Balzac Bianchon, who was with Desplein all through his last illness, dares not affirm to this day that the great surgeon died an atheist.Crime and Punishment by Fyodor Dostoevsky Dostoyevskys first masterpiece, the novel is a psychological analysis of the
24、poor student Raskolnikov, whose theory that humanitarian ends justify evil means leads him to murder a St. Petersburg pawnbroker.Notes From the Underground by Fyodor Dostoevsky Violating literary conventions in ways never before attempted, this classic tells of a mid-19th-century Russian officials b
25、reakaway from society and descent “underground”.Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen The story of fiercely independent Elizabeth Bennet, one of five sisters who must marry rich, as she confounds the arrogant, wealthy Mr. Darcy.Sense and Sensibility by Jane Austen A wonderfully entertaining tale of fli
26、rtation and folly that revolves around two starkly different sisters, Elinor and Marianne Dashwood.The Tao Te Ching by Laozi Reportedly written by a sage named Lao Tzu over 2,500 years ago, the Tao Te Ching is one of the most succinctand yet among the most profoundspiritual texts ever written.Franke
27、nstein by Mary Shelley A scientist, Victor Frankenstein, who learns how to create life and creates a being in the likeness of man, but larger than average and more powerfulThe Complete Works of P.B. Shelley One of the major English Romantic poets and is widely considered to be among the finest lyric
28、 poets in the English language.Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe The old story still stands up as one of the best adventure yarns for children who are interested in tales of shipwreck.Moll Flanders by Daniel Defoe Defoe s excellence it is, to make me forget my specific class, character, and circumstan
29、ces, and to raise me while I read him, into the universal man.Gullivers Travels by Jonathan Swift Shipwrecked castaway Lemuel Gullivers encounters with the petty, diminutive Lilliputians, the crude giants of Brobdingnag, 4the abstracted scientists of Laputa, the philosophical Houyhnhnms, and the bru
30、tish Yahoos give him new, bitter insights into human behavior.The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain Huckleberry Finn had a tough life with his drunk father until an adventure with Tom Sawyer changed everything. But when Hucks dad returns and kidnaps him, he must escape down the Mississipp
31、i river with runaway slave, Jim.Leviathan by Thomas Hobbes In 1651, Hobbes published his work about the relationship between the government and the individual. More than four centuries old, this brilliant yet ruthless book analyzes not only the bases of government but also physical nature and the ro
32、les of man.Beyond Good and Evil by Friedrich Nietzsche In the book the philosopher attempts to systematically sum up his philosophy through a collection of 296 aphorisms grouped into nine different chapters based on their common theme.Thus Spoke Zarathustra by Friedrich Nietzsche This book addresses
33、 the problem of how to live a fulfilling life in a world without meaning, in the aftermath of “the death of God.” His solution lies in the idea of eternal recurrence, which he calls “the highest formula of affirmation that can ever be attained.”The Lifted Veil by George Eliot A dark fantasy drawing
34、on contemporary scientific interest in the physiology of the brain, mesmerism, phrenology, and experiments in revification, it is Eliots anatomy of her own moral philosophy.Sons and Lovers by DH Lawrence The first modern portrayal of a phenomenon that later, thanks to Freud, became easily recognizab
35、le as the Oedipus complex.Women in Love by DH Lawrence Women in Love examines the ill effects of industrialization on the human psyche, resolving that individual and collective rebirth is possible only through human intensity and passion.White Fang by Jack London The story of a wolf-dog who endures
36、great cruelty before he comes to know human kindness.Call of the Wild by Jack London This gripping story follows the adventures of the loyal dog Buck, who is stolen from his comfortable family home and forced into the harsh life of an Alaskan sled dog.The Raven by Edgar Allan Poe Lamenting the loss
37、of a gentle but passionate woman, the narrator drinks, yet somberly dwells on her name.The Fall of the House of Usher by Edgar Allan Poe The horrors of the Spanish Inquisition, with its dungeon of death, and the overhanging gloom on the House of Usher demonstrate unforgettably the unique imagination
38、 of Edgar Allan Poe.Dracula by Bram Stoker A true masterwork of storytelling, Dracula has transcended generation, language, and culture to become one of the most popular novels ever written.Lair of the White Worm by Bram Stoker Set in central England, the work is brimming with adventure and exciteme
39、nt.Discourse by Descartes One of the few works of philosophy that absolutely every educated person needs to read at least once.5The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes by Arthur Conan Doyle Sir Arthur Conan Doyle s Sherlock Holmes has been one of the most beloved fictional characters ever created.David Co
40、pperfield by Charles Dickens The story of a young man s adventures on his journey from an unhappy and impoverished childhood to the discovery of his vocation as a successful novelist.Great Expectations by Charles Dickens Dickens haunting late novel depicts Pips education and development through adve
41、rsity as he discovers thetrue nature of his great expectations.Aesops Fables Full of humor, insight, and wit, the tales in Aesop s Fables champion the value of hard work and perseverance, compassion for others, and honesty. They are age-old wisdom in a delicious form, for the consumption of adults a
42、nd children alike.Beowulf by Anonymous Warriors must back up their mead-hall boasts with instant action, monsters abound, and fights are always to the death.Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin Few men could compare to Benjamin Franklin. Virtually self-taught, he excelled as an athlete, a man of lette
43、rs, a printer, a scientist, a wit, an inventor, an editor, and a writer, and he was probably the most successful diplomat in American history.Common Sense by Thomas Paine Thomas Paines clear and concise writings make him one of the greatest political authors of his time.The Ambassadors by Henry Jame
44、s The most exquisite refinement of his favorite theme: the collision of American innocence with European experience.Daisy Miller by Henry James A novel that plays upon the contrast between American and European society that is common to Jamess work.The Turn of the Screw by Henry James A tale of psyc
45、hological horror as the governess struggles-and ultimately fails-to protect the children from the “corruption” that only she can conceive ofbut cannot name.Hero and Leander by Christopher Marlowe A Greek myth in which Hero is a priestess of Aphrodite who dwelt in a tower in Sestos.Hedda Gabler by He
46、nrik Ibsen The story of its title character, Hedda, a self-centered manipulative woman who has grown tired of her marriage. To escape her boredom she begins to meddle in the lives of others with truly tragic results.The Master Builder by Henrik Ibsen The play explores the needs of the artist in rela
47、tion to those of society and the limits of artistic creativity.Don Quixote by Miguel de Cervantes Don Quixote, errant knight and sane madman, with the company of his faithful squire and wise fool, Sancho Panza, together roam the world and haunt readers imaginations as they have for nearly four hundr
48、ed years.Dubliners by James Joyce In “Dubliners,” Joyces first attempt to register in language and fictive form the protean complexities of the reality of experience, he learns the paradoxical lesson that only through the most rigorous economy, only by concentrating on the minutest of particulars, c
49、an he have any hope of engaging with the immensity of the world.6Ulysses by James Joyce To this day it remains the modernist masterpiece, in which the author takes both Celtic lyricism and vulgarity to splendid extremes. It is funny, sorrowful, and even (in a close-focus sort of way) suspenseful.Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man by James Joyce The novels rich, symbolic language
