1、大学电脑主页 大学生的百事通【大学生电脑主页 】 友情提供，欢迎您的访问！ 1英語聽力技巧運用Listening Strategies: We listen with our minds, not ears!學習者應注意如相似音、同音異字、多義字、片語用法，熟悉連音、語調等，並能瞭解語言情境及英語正式/非正式用語、直接/間接/暗示語用法，掌握基本聽講溝通技巧1. Why is listening so difficult for you?Dialects, accents, stresses, rhythms, intonations, mispronunciations”Little o
2、r no control over the speed of the input of spoken material Spoken material is often heard only once without any second chances. Cant pause to work out the meanings during a conversation.Dealing with more than one task, such as formal note-taking, writing down messages, or operating equipment while
3、listening to instructions.2. Developing effective listening habits and strategies:猜測會話主題,訓練觀察力，分析語境 ( Formal / informal; rehearsed / un-rehearsed; responsive?)(Context / Visual clues: facial expression, gestures, and other body language as well as the surrounding environment找出關鍵字，相關字彙聯想辨認片語 & 句法結構 w
4、atch TV, see movies, ride horses, play the piano, drink ice cold water, catch a cold, climb up the mountains 3. The types and process of listening（聽力的種類與過程） 3.1 The types:Content listening: listen for directions or oral announcements from authority figuresCritical listening: listen for and judge the
5、 messages conveyed in the mass media: television, the internet, radio, and the newspaper.Empathic listening: listen for special feelings, differing opinions or personal experiences Appreciative listening: listen for enjoyment when watching different programs: a concert, a movie, and possibly, a thea
6、ter play.3.2 Characteristics of the listening process sounds input hearing decoding get message respondingReceiving: physically hearing the message and taking note of it.Interpreting: Presupposition & Reference & Implication大学电脑主页 大学生的百事通【大学生电脑主页 】 友情提供，欢迎您的访问！ 2Remembering: Storing a message for
7、future reference Evaluating: Applying critical thinking skills to separate fact from opinionResponding: Reacting by applause, laughter, silence, or verbal feedbackRevising assumptions: Adjustments-check what you understand4. Effective Listening 4.1 Barriers to Effective ListeningPrejudgment: Jumping
8、 into conclusions close their minds to additional informationSelf-centeredness: Shifting attention from the speaker to themselvesOut-listening: Listening selectively & Disparity between the rate of speech (120-150 w/m) and rate of thought (500-800 w/m)4.2 Context & Semantic associations: How do we l
9、isten with our minds?In English the following sentences are often referred to as A PLAY ON WORDS.GIRL : Say you love me! Say you love me! BOY : You love me.GIRL : If we become engaged will you give me a ring? BOY : Sure, whats your phone number?GIRL : John says Im pretty. Andy says Im ugly. BOY : A
10、bit of both. I think youre pretty What do you think, Peter? ugly.4.3 Improving Your Listening Skills Listening for concept, key ideas, and facts Be able to distinguish between evidence and argument, idea and example, fact and principle Analyze the key pointswhether they make sense and are supported
11、by facts Using context clues, structure pattern, and intonation clues Look for unspoken message in the speakers tone of voice or expressions Keep an open mind Ask questions that clarify Reserve judgment until the speaker has finished Take meaningful notes that are brief and to the point5. Effective
12、listening practices（有效的聽力練習）5.1 sounds: 同音異字: here / hear, ate / eight, son / sun相似音: fries / flies, plan / plane, commuter / committeeHe / She is coming to play / today. pit pet bet bear tear ear beard beer bear1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 35.2 words 字彙連結: 找出關鍵字 for transportation: buses, trains, east, tracks介系
13、詞 / 連接詞 / 轉折語多義字: book, wind, blew / The park is huge. 大学电脑主页 大学生的百事通【大学生电脑主页 】 友情提供，欢迎您的访问！ 35.3 syntax Yes-No Questions (Do, Will, Can, Should, Be)Wh-Information Questions (who-whose, when, why, where, what, how) 主詞動持詞一致性: We are friends. 代名詞: Danny comes from Xian, and he stays in Beijing now.I
14、t is our shipment, so well pay for it. 時態: Last week we hoped you would come. 比較 This car is better than that car.What do you do? Im a driver.What time is it? Lunchtime.Whats your name? Tony White.Whats your address? 10 Riverdale.Whats your idea? Its great!How do you get here? By bus.How much does the book cost? Twenty dollars.How many people attended? About two thousand.How long did the lecture last? About two hours.How often do you visit here? Once a week.
