1、Chapter 14 Physical Development in AdolescenceMultiple-Choice Questions1) Adolescence isA) the time period of transition between childhood and emerging adulthood.B) a biologically determined period of extreme storm and stress.C) a time period that has become greatly shortened in industrialized socie
2、ties.D) marked by very different basic tasks across cultures.Answer: APage Ref: 5152) _ refers to the biological changes that lead to an adult-size body and sexual maturity.A) MenarcheB) SpermarcheC) PubertyD) MaturationAnswer: CPage Ref: 5165) According to Freud, adolescenceA) is the period of calm
3、 after the storm of childhood.B) reawakens the instinctual drives and shifts them to the genital region.C) corresponds to the phallic stage of psychosexual development.D) marks a period of harmony and predictability of behaviors.Answer: BPage Ref: 51611) Margaret Mead convinced researchers thatA) to
4、 understand adolescent development, greater attention must be paid to social and cultural influences.B) Samoan adolescence was just the same as adolescence in Western societies.C) the biological changes of adolescence are not found in all cultures.D) all cultures do not have an intervening phase bet
5、ween childhood and adulthood.Answer: APage Ref: 51714) Janice is experiencing a time of rapid pubertal change. Janice is in which phase of adolescence?A) early adolescenceB) middle adolescenceC) late adolescenceD) pre-emerging adulthoodAnswer: APage Ref: 51716) On the average, girls reach puberty _
6、boys.A) slightly earlier thanB) 2 years beforeC) slightly later thanD) the same time asAnswer: BPage Ref: 51720) The first outward sign of puberty is theA) enhanced motor development.B) growth spurt.C) change in physical activity level.D) appearance of abrupt mood swings.Answer: BPage Ref: 51862) Re
7、cent research suggests that adolescent mood swings areA) a myth.B) related to situational changes.C) strongly correlated with fluctuations in their hormones.D) more common in females than in males.Answer: BPage Ref: 52873) Among the following, which adolescents are most likely to have positive self-
8、images inadolescence?A) late maturing boys and girlsB) early maturing boys and girlsC) late maturing boys and early maturing girlsD) early maturing boys and late maturing girlsAnswer: DPage Ref: 529Chapter 15 Cognitive Development in Adolescence1) Veronique can think abstractly about things she cann
9、ot perceive concretely. She is in Piagets_ stage.A) concrete operationalB) formal operationalC) post-concrete operationalD) hypothetical reasoningAnswer: BPage Ref: 552Skill: ConceptualObjective: 15.12) A person in Piagets formal operational stageA) can come up with general logical rules through int
10、ernal reflection.B) is able to use inductive reasoning for the first time.C) can only “operate on reality.“D) has just learned that hypotheses must be confirmed by appropriate evidence.Answer: APage Ref: 5524) Lourdes is capable of hypothetico-deductive reasoning. When faced with a problem, which of
11、 the following will she do first?A) develop a general theory of all possible factors that might affect the outcomeB) deduce specific hypotheses about what might happen in a situationC) test her hypotheses in an orderly fashion to see which ones work in the real worldD) examine the most obvious predi
12、ctions about a situationAnswer: APage Ref: 5525) In watching a concrete operational child and a formal operational adolescent solve the pendulum problem, what differences would be evident?A) The concrete operational child will be completely unable to solve the problem.B) The formal operational adole
13、scent will solve the problem intuitively, without experimentation.C) The formal operational adolescent will systematically test alternative hypotheses.D) None; both will use similar strategies.Answer: CPage Ref: 5527) The ability to evaluate the logic of verbal statements without making reference to
14、 real-world circumstances is calledA) hypothetico-deductive reasoning.B) propositional thought.C) the scientific method.D) intuitive thought.Answer: BPage Ref: 5528) Bryan hears the following statement: “Either the train is moving or it is not moving.“ If Bryan is in the formal operational stage, he
15、 will say thatA) he needs to see the train to determine whether the statement is true or false.B) the statement is true.C) the statement is false.D) the statement is both true and false at the same time.Answer: BPage Ref: 55310) For adolescents, propositional thoughtA) limits their reasoning to the
16、here and now.B) prevents them from solving the red-and-green poker chip problem.C) provides them with access to new realms of knowledge, such as higher math.D) enables them to get along better with their peers.Answer: CPage Ref: 55312) The teacher says, “If mice are bigger than cats, and cats are bi
17、gger than elephants, then mice are bigger than elephants.“ This statement is likely to be judgedA) false by 11-year-old Craig.B) false by 13-year-old Michael.C) true by 9-year-old Rana.D) true by 12-year-old Paige.Answer: DPage Ref: 55425) The heart of scientific reasoning isA) coordinating theories
18、 with evidence.B) designing experiments.C) developing hypotheses.D) conducting statistical analyses of data.Answer: APage Ref: 55633) Argumentativeness during adolescence seems to be due to adolescentsA) general disagreeableness.B) exercising of new reasoning powers.C) intense self-reflection.D) imp
19、rovements in self-regulation.Answer: BPage Ref: 55838) Young teenagers are convinced that they are the object of everyone elses attention and concern. This feature of adolescent thought is calledA) propositional reasoning.B) the imaginary audience.C) the personal fable.D) rule assessment.Answer: BPa
20、ge Ref: 55941) As teenagers become sure that others are observing and thinking about them, they start to feel special and unique. This feature of adolescent thought is calledA) propositional reasoning.B) the imaginary audience.C) the personal fable.D) rule assessment.Answer: CPage Ref: 55943) The pe
21、rsonal fable contributes toA) risk taking.B) disengagement from others.C) poor schoolwork.D) peer conformity.Answer: APage Ref: 55947) The idealism of adolescents often leads them to becomeA) more cooperative at home.B) more critical of parents and siblings.C) better students at school.D) more reali
22、stic in their evaluations of others.Answer: BPage Ref: 56055) Which of the following is consistent with current research on gender differences in intellectualperformance?A) In early childhood, boys are slightly ahead in verbal ability.B) By early childhood, girls do better at abstract mathematical p
23、roblem solving.C) By adolescence, girls are far ahead in verbal ability.D) Girls score higher on tests of verbal ability throughout the school years.Answer: DPage Ref: 562Chapter 16 Emotional and Social Development in AdolescenceMultiple-Choice Questions1) Jose thinks, “What am I really like? Who wi
24、ll I become?“ These remarksA) are signs of the development of identity.B) indicate that Jose lacks self-confidence.C) reveal that Jose has a serious adjustment problem.D) indicate that Jose is ready for Eriksons intimacy stage.Answer: APage Ref: 5862) Eriksons theory recognizes _ as the major person
25、ality achievement of adolescence.A) autonomy B) identity C) guilt D) diffusionAnswer: BPage Ref: 586Objective: 16.13) Defining who you are, what you value, and the directions you choose to pursue in life is part ofA) constructing an identity. B) moral development.C) gender intensification. D) commit
26、ment.Answer: APage Ref: 5866) According to Erikson, the psychological conflict of adolescence is identity versusA) identity crisis. B) identity confusion.C) adolescent exploration. D) commitment.Answer: BPage Ref: 5869) Current theorists believe that the typical adolescents approach to forming a mat
27、ure identity starts with _ and is then followed by _.A) industry; autonomy B) trust; initiativeC) exploration; commitment D) confusion; calmAnswer: CPage Ref: 58611) According to Erikson, young adults who do not have a firm sense of self will have difficulty developing _, the task of young adulthood
28、.A) generativity B) intimacyC) vocational stability D) self-actualizationAnswer: BPage Ref: 58714) Compared to school-age children, adolescents place more emphasis on _ in their self-descriptions.A) physical appearance B) favorite activitiesC) social virtues D) school performanceAnswer: CPage Ref: 5
29、8725) Katy accepts her familys political and religious beliefs without question. Which identity status characterizes Katy?A) identity achievement B) moratoriumC) identity foreclosure D) identity diffusionAnswer: CPage Ref: 59027) When asked about his career plans, Rodney responds, “Havent thought ab
30、out it. Doesnt make too much difference to me what I do.“ What identity status characterizes Rodney?A) identity achievement B) moratoriumC) identity foreclosure D) identity diffusionAnswer: DPage Ref: 59032) _ is seen as a psychologically healthy route to a mature identity.A) Diffusion B) Foreclosur
31、e C) Moratorium D) ConventionalismAnswer: CPage Ref: 59033) Compared to the other identity statuses, young people who are identity achieved or actively exploringA) have lower self-esteem.B) report a larger discrepancy between their ideal selves and their real selves.C) are more self-conscious and se
32、lf-focused.D) are more likely to engage in abstract and critical thinking.Answer: DPage Ref: 59038) Tates father wants to support his identity development. He shouldA) limit Tates participation in extracurricular activities so he has more time to spend at home.B) discourage Tate from talking to othe
33、rs about identity concerns, as this will be confusing in his own identity search.C) encourage him to avoid vocational training programs during adolescence because this makes teens feel “locked in“ to a certain career choice.D) prompt discussion that promotes high-level thinking and allow Tate to voi
34、ce his own opinion.Answer: DPage Ref: 59149) According to Piaget, individuals make the transition to autonomous morality around ageA) 5. B) 10. C) 15. D) 20.Answer: BPage Ref: 59451) PiagetA) viewed morality as distinct stages of moral development.B) developed stages of moral development that were m
35、ore comprehensive than Kohlbergs stages.C) underestimated childrens moral capacities.D) believed that the imaginary audience contributed to advances in moral judgments.Answer: CPage Ref: 59552) The Heinz dilemma isA) a classic example of an adolescent in moratorium, deliberating between two career c
36、hoices.B) a narrative used to assess adolescents understanding of social conventions.C) a theory used to describe the phenomenon also known as the personal fable.D) a story that presents a genuine conflict between two moral values.Answer: DPage Ref: 59553) According to Kohlberg, which is the most im
37、portant factor in determining the maturity of responses to moral dilemmas?A) the reasoning behind the answerB) whether the child considers anyone elses perspectiveC) how the child uses emotion in determining the answerD) whether the child answers like other children his ageAnswer: APage Ref: 59554)
38、Kohlbergs stage of punishment and obedience corresponds to SelmansA) social-informational stage. B) self-reflective stage.C) third-party stage. D) societal stage.Answer: APage Ref: 59556) At which of Kohlbergs levels is morality externally controlled?A) preconventional B) conventionalC) postconventi
39、onal D) autonomousAnswer: APage Ref: 59757) At which of Kohlbergs stages would a child reason, “you scratch my back and Ill scratch yours“? The _ orientation.A) punishment and obedience B) instrumental purposeC) good boy-good girl D) social-order-maintainingAnswer: BPage Ref: 59659) In response to t
40、he Heinz dilemma, Oliver explains, “Heinz shouldnt steal the drug because its his duty as a citizen to obey the law. If everyone started breaking the law, thered be nocivilization!“ Oliver is in which of Kohlbergs stages?A) punishment and obedience orientationB) instrumental purpose orientationC) “g
41、ood boy-good girl“ orientationD) social-order-maintaining orientationAnswer: DPage Ref: 59662) Research on Kohlbergs stage sequenceA) supports the order of the stages.B) indicates that movement through the stages is quite rapid.C) confirms that Stage 6 is a viable stage.D) shows that postconventiona
42、l morality is common in adulthood.Answer: APage Ref: 59867) According to Gilligan, feminine morality is based onA) rights and justice.B) an ethic of care.C) irrational reasoning.D) the same principles as male morality.Answer: BPage Ref: 59874) Mr. and Mrs. Goor want to encourage moral reasoning in their teenage son. Which of the following would you recommend?A) use sarcasm during discussionsB) threaten him if he behaves immorallyC) lecture about moralityD) engage in moral discussions at homeAnswer: DPage Ref: 599
