1、一、关于听力！第一招：相关保留原则 当选项中有两项表达意思相近时，那么正确答案必在这两项之中！这时只需稍微听一听对话，即可知答案，如果出现了双重相关，便可直接确认正确选项，只需听完对话加之认证一下即可！典型例题： 4. A) Visiting the Browning.B) Writing a postcard.C) Looking for a postcard.D) Filling in a form.例题分析：B、C 两项均含有 a poscard ，B、D 两项均含有写.之意，即 B、C 和B、D 构成双重相关，即可得出 B 为正确选项！本题听力原文： 4. M: Whats the m
2、atter? Youve been sitting there for ages, just staring into space.W: I told the Browning Id send them a postcard. Now I dont know what to say.Q: Whats the woman doing? 第二招：异项保留原则当选项中出现有意思明显相反的两项时，那么正确答案必在此二项中出现！如果出现双重异项，那么即可判断出正确答案，异项保留原则在六级考试听力短对话中应用广泛！典型例题：6. A) She cant finish her assignment, eit
3、her.B) She cant afford a computer right now.C) The man can use her computer.D) The man should buy a computer right away.例题分析：A、B 异项，A 项的意思是她现在有电脑，B 项的意思则是她现在没有电脑。B、D 异项，B 是说女方无电脑，而 D 是说男方无电脑，男女也是一种反意关系。所以根据双重异项原则可确定正确答案为 B 项！ 本题听力原文：6. M: Im frustrated. Were supposed to do our assignment on the comp
4、uter, but I have difficulty getting access to the computers in the library.W: I understand the way you feel. Im looking forward to the day when I can afford to get my own.Q: What does the woman mean?第三招：女士保留原则 做题做多了，我们应该了解西方人的思维方式，当对话中出现女士的建议和要求时，我们一定要注意，这时女士说出来的话很可能就是正确选项的异意！因为女士经常以女神的形象出面，她们代表的是美好
5、、正面、阳光的信息！典型例题： 9. A) The man should stick to what hes doing.B) The man should take up a new hobby.C) The man should stop playing tennis.D) The man should find the cause for his failure.例题分析：通过选项我们可以分析出男人做一些事情遇到了困难，这时一位女人出来安慰男人，根据女神原则可知女人一定会让男人坚持把这件事情做下去，而不要放弃，这样的题型太多了，所以可呈现出一定的规律性！本题听力原文： 9. M: I t
6、hink Im going to give up playing tennis. I lost again today.W: Just because you lost? It that the reason to quit?Q: What does the woman imply? 第四招：概括、抽象保留原则当选项中出现比较概括、抽象的句子时，这时我们就要把表述事实的、具体的句子划掉，而去选择表概、抽象、比较性的句子！此原则可衍生出一个包含取大的原则，在作题时应用也是十分的广泛，一般当两个选项的意思接近时，表述比较全面的一般为正确选项！典型例题： 7. A) The visiting eco
7、nomist has given several lectures.B) The guest lecturers opinion is different from Dr. Johnsons.C) Dr. Johnson and the guest speaker were schoolmates.D) Dr. Johnson invited the economist to visit their college例题分析：A、C、D 均为表述事实的句子，只有 B 项为对比、比较的句子，较之A、C、D 项更为抽象的表述了一件事情，所以 B 项为正确选项！本题听力原文： 7. M: The vi
8、siting economist is speaking tonight, but Dr. Johnson doesnt seem to think much of him.W: Thats because Dr. Johnson comes from an entirely different school of thought.Q: What do we learn from the womans remark? 第五招：态度和虚拟保留原则 这两种方法一般无单独命题的规律性，只是作为上述四种宏观方法的辅助方法出现，当只剩下两个选项时，通常正态度的选项容易是正确答案，表虚拟的选项更容易是正确
9、答案！英语万能作文(模板型）Along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is that.随着社会的不断发展，出现了越来越多的问题，其中之一便是_。As to whether it is a blessing or a curse, however, people take different attitudes.然而，对于此类问题，人们持不同的看法。(Hold different attitudes 持不同的看;Come up wi
10、th different attitudes 有不同的看法)As society develops, people are attaching much importance to.随着社会的发展，人们开始关注.People are attaching more and more importance to the interview during job hunting求职的过程中，人们慢慢意识到面试的重要性。As to whether it is worthwhile ., there is a long-running controversial debate. It is quite
11、natural that people from different backgrounds may have divergent attitudes towards it.关于是否值得_的问题，一直以来争论不休。当然，不同的人对此可能持不同的观点。In the process of modern urban development, we often find ourselves in a dilemma.在都市的发展中，我们往往会陷入困境。Recently the phenomenon has aroused wide concern, some people are in alarm t
12、hat.最近，这种现象引起了人们的广泛关注，有人开始担心_。The human race has entered a completely new stage in its history, with the increasingly rapid economic globalization and urbanization, more problems are brought to our attention.人类进入了一个历史的崭新的阶段，经济全球化、都市化的速度不断加快，随之给我们带来了很多问题。. plays such an important role that it undenia
13、bly becomes the biggest concern of the present world, there comes a question, is it a blessing or a curse?“_显得非常重要而成为当今世界所关注的最大的问题，这是无可厚非的。不过，问题是：“我们该如何抉择 ?“Now we are entering a new era, full of opportunities and challenges,现在我们正在进入一个充满机会和挑战的新时代。People from different backgrounds would put different
14、 interpretations on the same case.不同行业的人对同一种问题的解释不尽相同。The controversial issue is often brought into public focus. People from different backgrounds hold different attitudes towards the issue.这中极具争议性的话题往往很受社会的关注。不同的人对此问题的看法也不尽相同。When asked ., some people think. while some prefer.说到_，有人认为_，而另一些人则认为_。J
15、ust as the saying goes: “so many people, so many minds“. It is quite understandable that views on this issue vary from person to person.俗话说，“。不同的人对此有不同的看法是可以理解的。To this issue, different people come up with various attitudes.对于这个问题，不同的人持不同的观点。There is a good side and a bad side to everything, it goes
16、 without saying that.万事万物都有其两面性，所以，勿庸置疑，_。When it comes to ., most people believe that ., but other people regard .as .提到_问题，很多人认为_，不过，一些人则认为_是_.When faced with., quite a few people claim that ., but other people think as.提到_问题，仅少数人认为_，但另一些人则认为_。There is a public controversy nowadays over the issue
17、of . There who criticize .argue that ., they believe that .,but people who favor ., on the other hand, argue that.目前，_问题争议较大。批判_的人认为_，他们认为_，不过，另一方面，赞同_的人则认为_。Some people are of the opinion that.有些人认为_。Many people claim that.很多人认为_。A majority of 绝大多数A large number of 很多人Some people contend that . has
18、 proved to bring many advantages (disadvantages)有些人认为_有很多有利之处(不利之处) 。Those who argue for . say that .economic development of the cities.觉得_的人认为，_ 城市的经济发展。Some people advocate that .有些人在坚持认为_。They hold that . 他们认为_。People, who advocate that ., have their sound reasons (grounds)坚持认为_的人也有其说法(依据) 。Those
19、 who have already benefited from practicing it sing high praise of it.那些从中受益的人对此大家褒奖。Those who strongly approve of . have cogent reasons for it.强烈认同_的人有很多原因。Many people would claim that.有人会认为_。People who support . give some or all of the following reasons.那些支持_观点的人列出了如下原因：_。But others hold the view
20、that .但是，另外一些人则认为_。观点的用词：Attitude, opinion, 与其搭配的动词以及词组：Take, have, come up with，set forth, put forward 等。But on the other hand, there are also quite a few people who strongly advocate that.,.不过，另一方面，也有少部分人坚持认为_。But people who are ., on the other hand , maintain that.不过，另一方面，_的人认为_。However, there ar
21、e a large number of people who hold a different view concerning this case.然而，很多人对此有不同的看法。问题用词：Issue, phenomenon，后接介词, on, over 等。However, some others argue that. 然而，另一些人则认为 _。However, there are also some others who contend that.然而，也有人认为_。But other people set forth completely totally different argume
22、nt concerning this case.不过，对于此，另一些人则持完全不同的观点。Some people examine this issue from another angle.有的人用另一角度来看这一问题。On the other hand, there are also many opponents who strongly .另一方面，也有很多反对的人，他们认为_。According to my personality and fondness, I would prefer . rather than.根据我的个性以及兴趣，我选择_而不会选择_。Personally, I
23、side with the latter (former) opinion.就我个人而言，我支持后者(前者)_ 。Personally, I am in favor of the former point of view.就我个人而言，我较同意前一种看法。To my point of view 我认为To my mind, the advantages far overweigh the drawbacks(disadvantages, shortcomings)我认为，优点胜过缺点。For my part, I stand on side of the latter opinion that
24、.就我而言，我较赞同后一种观点_。As far as I am concerned, I am inclined to be on the side of the latter view.在我看来，我较同意后一种观点。After a thorough consideration, for my part, I am in favor of the latter view that.经过深思熟虑，我较支持后一种看法，亦即_。If asked to make a decision, I would prefer.如果真的需要作出选择，我宁愿_。展现问题篇问题的常用词：question, probl
25、em, issueRecently, the issue of . has been brought into public focus.近来，_的问题引起了社会的广泛关注。Now we are entering a brand new era full of opportunities and innovations, and great changes have taken place in peoples attitude towards some traditional practice.现在我们进入了一个充满机遇和创新的崭新时代，很多人对某些传统的看法也发生了很大改变。Recentl
26、y the issue of whether or not . has been in the limelight and has aroused wide concern in the public.近来，是否_的问题已经非常明确而且引起了社会的广泛关注。The issue whether it is good or not to . has aroused a heated discussion all over the country._的利与弊已在全国范围内引起热烈的讨论。At present, some people think .while others claim .Both s
27、ides have their merits.目前，一些人认为_而另一些人则认为_。其实，两种观点都其可取之处。People rarely reach an absolute consensus on such a controversial issue.对于这种极具争议的话题，我们很难作出绝对的回答。People from different backgrounds would put different interpretations on the same case.不同行业的人对同一种问题的解释不尽相同。The controversial issue is often brought
28、into public focus. People from different backgrounds hold different attitudes towards the issue.这中极具争议性的话题往往很受社会的关注。不同的人对此问题的看法也不尽相同。When asked ., some people think. while some prefer.说到_，有人认为_，而另一些人则认为_。Just as the saying goes: “so many people, so many minds“. It is quite understandable that views
29、on this issue vary from person to person.俗话说，“。不同的人对此有不同的看法是可以理解的。To this issue, different people come up with various attitudes.对于这个问题，不同的人持不同的观点。There is a good side and a bad side to everything, it goes without saying that.万事万物都有其两面性，所以，勿庸置疑，_。When it comes to ., most people believe that ., but o
30、ther people regard .as .提到_问题，很多人认为_，不过，一些人则认为_是_.When faced with., quite a few people claim that ., but other people think as.提到_问题，仅少数人认为_，但另一些人则认为_。There is a public controversy nowadays over the issue of . There who criticize .argue that ., they believe that .,but people who favor ., on the othe
31、r hand, argue that.目前，_问题争议较大。批判_的人认为_，他们认为_，不过，另一方面，赞同_的人则认为_。Some people are of the opinion that.有些人认为_。Many people claim that.很多人认为_。A majority of 绝大多数A large number of 很多人Some people contend that . has proved to bring many advantages (disadvantages)有些人认为_有很多有利之处(不利之处) 。Those who argue for . say
32、that .economic development of the cities.觉得_的人认为，_ 城市的经济发展。Some people advocate that .有些人在坚持认为_。They hold that . 他们认为_。People, who advocate that ., have their sound reasons (grounds)坚持认为_的人也有其说法(依据) 。Those who have already benefited from practicing it sing high praise of it.那些从中受益的人对此大家褒奖。Those who
33、strongly approve of . have cogent reasons for it.强烈认同_的人有很多原因。Many people would claim that.有人会认为_。People who support . give some or all of the following reasons.那些支持_观点的人列出了如下原因：_。But others hold the view that .但是，另外一些人则认为_。观点的用词：Attitude, opinion, 与其搭配的动词以及词组：Take, have, come up with，set forth, put
34、 forward 等。But on the other hand, there are also quite a few people who strongly advocate that.,.不过，另一方面，也有少部分人坚持认为_。But people who are ., on the other hand , maintain that.不过，另一方面，_的人认为_。However, there are a large number of people who hold a different view concerning this case.然而，很多人对此有不同的看法。问题用词：I
35、ssue, phenomenon，后接介词, on, over 等。However, some others argue that. 然而，另一些人则认为 _。However, there are also some others who contend that.然而，也有人认为_。But other people set forth completely totally different argument concerning this case.不过，对于此，另一些人则持完全不同的观点。Some people examine this issue from another angle.
36、有的人用另一角度来看这一问题。On the other hand, there are also many opponents who strongly .另一方面，也有很多反对的人，他们认为_。According to my personality and fondness, I would prefer . rather than.根据我的个性以及兴趣，我选择_而不会选择_。Personally, I side with the latter (former) opinion.就我个人而言，我支持后者(前者)_ 。Personally, I am in favor of the forme
37、r point of view.就我个人而言，我较同意前一种看法。To my point of view 我认为To my mind, the advantages far overweigh the drawbacks(disadvantages, shortcomings)我认为，优点胜过缺点。For my part, I stand on side of the latter opinion that.就我而言，我较赞同后一种观点_。As far as I am concerned, I am inclined to be on the side of the latter view.在
38、我看来，我较同意后一种观点。After a thorough consideration, for my part, I am in favor of the latter view that.经过深思熟虑，我较支持后一种看法，亦即_。If asked to make a decision, I would prefer.如果真的需要作出选择，我宁愿_。三、如何准备四级阅读 1、练习阅读方法，提高阅读速度。传统的三种方法：1）先看文章后作题。是用这种方法应注意三点：1、注意文章中心与作者基本观点，即抓大的放小的。 2、注意重要细节的位置，第一遍阅读时在了解主题之后知道某个东西在哪里，胜过你知道
39、他是什么。3、阅读速度稍快。不能过分沉迷于原文，速度要快一点。 2）先看问题再读文章 要抓对重点 适用于文章：1、难度较大的文章2、只包含一两段的流水账文章。流水账文章段落少层次感较差，可以先看题目看清问题，确定大概的位置。3、细节题较多的文章。 缺点：对主题把握不够明确。 3）读一层意思做一道题，读文章做题交叉进行。本方法适用于：1、段落较多的文章 2、阅读速度较慢的同学。注意事项：1 每次阅读一小段或者一长段的一半 2 阅读速度比第一种阅读方法要稍慢一些，力求弄清本段意思 3 每次读新的内容之前，最好把接下来要回答的问题要先看一下。每篇文章为 9 分钟，读原文要 5 分钟，做题要 4 分钟
40、 注意不良的阅读习惯：1 逐词指读 正确方法要读意群 2 出声阅读 2、分析句子结构 注意句子的主干，其他可以不看 3、熟悉体型 主题 （main mainly primary primarily 中心思想 写作目的 标题）细节（定位原文 关注考试原则）词意（包括指带 上下文推断词义 词根 ）推理（细节性推理题 infer 题型 conclude 题型）态度（表示态度的首段 选项的含义） 4、课外阅读 主要是看复旦大学和上海交大的书 5、授课内容与方式 对阅读一般性了解，结合一篇文章讲一讲四级的阅读方法 细节题的导入 3 细节题考试原则常考的语言现象 5 主题方面的总结 8 难题穿一穿 四级一
41、般的阅读方法和做题方法概括四句话：1 扫读题干关键词 2 浏览原文作标记 3 比较选项得答案 4 迅速排除省力气 其中核心是浏览原文作标记 可以标记的地方：1 指示性的具体信息 如时间、人物、数字 2 与文章结构有关的中心信息 包括：主题句 转折词（but however yet 出现这几个词的时候一般都会考到）其他标记题号 考试原则 文章首句出现定义或者概念，通常就是主题 出现转折必会考到 主题在末段的可能性接近于零 0 任何主题题型只要选项包含细节就直接错误，不管它有大多伟大 按时间顺序阐述的文章主题通常在首末段，尤其是首段 细节题定为原则：细节出现多次，优先考虑首次定位 原文有个词，再在
42、选项中弄一个与其相类似的单词作干扰选项 作词义题的方法：根据上下文确定同义或反义的关系 两个动词分不开的时候看主语 doubt or challenge 一般的理科文章只要作者不是骂骂咧咧的，他的口气态度一般都是客观的 出现连串数字或者年代时常被考到 流水账文章一般不考主题 一道题答案有疑问时，找特殊位置，找特殊语言现象 这篇文章给我们的启发是文章中有些句子比其他句子要更加重要一些。重要局：有些句子常被考到位于特殊位置。主要包括三种：1）各段首句 2）全文末句 3）文中结论解释句 问句在第一段首末常有意义，与主题挂钩。其他地方的问句大都是调侃的现场不要老分析它的意思。 一个选项有毛病主要是形容
43、、词副词在作怪。 作那种四个选项哪个是对的题目，注意：1）正确答案一般针对全文或者段落主题 2）通过排除得到正确答案 细节题小结 一、做题步骤 1、根据问题中的关键词回原文定位。关键词包括 1）一般为名词或名词词组 2）优先考虑的关键词：专有名词，包括人名和带“”的词数字、时间形容词和副词比较或因果语言现象 2 仔细阅读包含关键词的句子，在本句、上下句寻找线索。 3、将包含线索的句子与选项进行比较，对线索句进行同义替换的为正确答案。同义替换有三种方式：关键词替换正话反说语言简化 二、按照顺序寻找答案 由于细节题的排列顺序，一般对应原文的叙述顺序，所以一般按顺序寻找答案。 三、难以定位的细节题的处理方式 四、细解题错位的做题方法 列举原则：原文连续提 3-4 项叫列举 列举这种语言现象常与except 题型相对应 问某一段没有提到什么，其他段落的内容通常成为正确答案。四级里分散列举比较少 关于实验型文章 在实验型文章中，通常可以根据问题中的动词定位 答案基本上按顺序寻找
