1、四级词频统计截至 2009 年 6 月 20 日，四级考试从未考过的大纲单词共 2533 个0607464 384316 291 311 306 240198 226020040060080019992000200120022003200420052006200720082009新 词 分 布0395584 576 699 632790 805913 901 8140200400600800100019992000200120022003200420052006200720082009旧 词 分 布039%56% 60%69% 68% 72% 72% 79%82% 78%00.20.40.60
2、.8119992000200120022003200420052006200720082009旧 词 比 例四级高频词汇Aabandon vt.放弃 n.任性absolute adj.完全的，绝对的 sheer, thoroughabsorb vt.吸收 be absorbed ine.g. The writer was absorbed in his writing that he forgot to flick the ashes from his cigar.abstract adj.抽象的 n.摘要 concrete adj.具体的 n.混凝土contract n.合同 v.收缩sub
3、tract v.减去extract vt.拔出，榨取 n.浓缩汁distract v.转移，分散treaty n.条约treatment n.对待；治疗 therapyretreat n./vi.撤退trace n.痕迹 v.追踪trail n.痕迹 v.追踪track n.痕迹 track and fieldabsurd adj.荒唐的，荒谬的ridiculous adj.荒唐的，荒谬的These adjectives are applied to what is so devoid of wisdom or good sense as to be laughable.这些形容词表示令人可笑
4、地缺乏智慧和常识。Absurd and ridiculous apply to what is risible because of a departure from reason, logic, or common sense.absurd 和 ridiculous 用在因缺乏理由、不合逻辑或缺少常识而让人感到可笑的地方。abundant adj.充足的，大量的abundant, plentiful, plenteous, ample, affluent 充足的，大量的enough, sufficient, adequate 足够的scarce, insufficient, inadequa
5、teabuse vt.滥用 absent, abroad, absolute, abnormalacademy n.学院；学术 Chinese Academy of Sciences 中国科学院academic adj.学院的；学术的accelerate vt.加速accent n.口音；重音access n.通道，通路 vt.进入 e.g. There is no access to the house from the main road.excess n.超过，过量excessive adj.过量的exceed vt.超过exceeding adj.极度的 extremeexceedin
6、gly adv.非常地，极度地 extremelyproceed vi.继续process n.过程，程序procedure n.步骤，手续procession n.队伍，行列recession n.撤退，衰退ancestor n.祖先successor n.继任者successive adj.连续的concede vt.承认 vi.让步，屈服accommodate v.提供，容纳e.g. When my friends come to visit I will accommodate them.moderate adj.适度的，温和的modest adj.谦虚的modify vt.修改，修饰
7、accompany vt.陪伴companion n.同伴，同事colleague n.同事accomplish v.完成，实现 complete, finish, achieve, fulfillaccord n./v.一致；给予，授予 accordanceaccordingly adv.所以e.g. Since joining the WTO, China has made many changes in policy accordingly.chord n.和弦chorus n.合唱，合唱团account n.账户；叙述，描述 e.g. Toms account of the accid
8、ent is not believable.savings account 储蓄账户 checking account 支票账户 current account 活期帐户 deposit account 定期帐户account for 解释；导致e.g. The suspect couldn t account for his time that night.e.g. Bad weather accounted for the long delay.accountant n.会计人员accounting n.会计学discount n.折扣countless adj.无数的 numerousa
9、ccumulate v.积累，增加amass vt.积累，增加assemble vt.召集；装配convene vt.召集summon vt.召集rally v.召集 n.集会gather vt.收集，聚集collect vt.收集，聚集These verbs mean to bring or come together in a group or mass.这些动词的意思是“使其聚集到一起成为一组或一堆” 。Gather is the most general term and therefore the most widely applicable.gather 是最概括的说法，因此具有最
10、广泛的应用。Collect is often interchangeable with gather. Frequently, however, collect refers to the careful selection of like or related things that become part of an organized whole.collect 通常可与 gather 互换，但是通常情况下 collect 指的是仔细选择相似或有联系的东西并聚集成有组织的整体的一部分。Assemble in all of its senses implies that the perso
11、ns or things involved have a definite and usually close relationship. With respect to persons the term suggests convening out of common interest or purpose.assemble 所有的意义都表明所涉及的人或物具有确定的并通常是比较紧密的联系。这个词表示涉及到的聚集者是出于共同的兴趣或目的。Accumulate applies to the increase of like or related things over an extended p
12、eriod.accumulate 指相似或有联系的事物在较长时期内的增长。Amass refers to the collection or accumulation of things, especially valuable things, to form an imposing quantity.amass 指收集事物或缓慢地积累事物，尤指价值高的东西，形成相当的数量。accurate adj.精确的，准确的 exactcure n./v.治愈curious adj.好奇的 curiositysecure adj.安全的 v.保护 security源自拉丁语 currere 表示“跑，闲
13、逛 ”。current adj.当前的；流通的 n.水流，气流，电流currency n.货币流通cursor n.光标，指针excursion n.远足，短途旅行curriculum n.课程 extracurricularcorridor n.走廊cargo n.货物career n.事业charge vt.充满；指责；收费discharge v.释放 release vt.释放；发表accuse vt.指责defendant, respondent, accusedplaintiff, suitor, claimant, accusercase n.容器；事例，病例， 【法律】诉讼occ
14、asion n.场合cause vt.引起 n.原因casual adj.随便的casualty n.伤亡人数acid n.【化学】酸，酸性物质 adj.酸性的；尖酸的acute adj.尖的， 【医学】急性的acknowledge vt.承认admit vt.承认confess vt.承认，忏悔concede vt.承认These verbs mean to make a disclosure, usually with reluctance or under pressure.这些动词都表示不情愿或在压力之下揭示真相。acquire n.获得require vt.需要，要求request
15、n./vt.请求inquire v.询问inquiry n.询问acquaintance n.熟人；相识adapt vt.适应adopt vt.收养；采纳adopted 被收养的 adoptive 有收养关系的 adoptive/biological (natural) parentsadequate adj.足够的adverb n.副词adjust n.调节admire n.赞美，崇拜 miracle, miraculous, mirageadore vt.崇拜admit vt.承认advance n.提前 v.提前，预付advanced adj.先进的，高级的advantage n.优势a
16、dministration n.管理adolescent n.青少年 adj.青春期的，青春的 adolescenceadverse adj.不利的advocate n./vt.支持，拥护accelerate, accompany, accomplish, accord, account, accustomed, allocate, appoint, appreciate, appropriate, approve, assist, associate, assure, attain, attractadministrate vt.管理legislation n.立法jurisdiction
17、n.司法administration n.行政the System of Checks and Balances 权力制衡affect vt.影响源自拉丁语 facere 表示“做，制造 ”。affection n.感情effect n.效果，结果effective adj.有效果的efficient adj.效率高的proficient adj.熟练的sufficient adj.足够的deficient adj.缺乏的artificial adj.人工的，人造的artifact n.人工制品infect v.感染，传染infectious adj.传染性的（通常指通过空气和水传染的）con
18、tagious adj.传染性的（通常指通过接触传染的）perfect adj.完美的perfectionist n.追求完美主义者defect n.缺点 weakness, shortcoming, deficiency, disadvantage, drawback, flawfacility n.设施faculty n.全体教师；能力factor n.因素， 【数学】因子afterward adv.后来，以后backward adv./adj.向后的award n./vt.奖励，奖金reward n./vt.报酬，回报agency n.代理处，中介Xinhua News Agency 新
19、华社 Reuters 路透社 A.P.（Associated Press）美联社agent n.代理商，代理人；特务agenda n.议事日程aggressive adj.侵略性的congress n.国会，代表大会 parliament n.国会， （英国）议会the Senate n.参议院the House of Representatives n.众议院alarm n./vt.警报，警告alert adj.警惕的 n.警报warning n.警告alcohol n.酒精 alcoholicalleviate vt.减轻，缓解 elevator, escalatorrelieve vt.
20、减轻，缓解relevant adj.相关联的，有关的lever n.杠杆levy n./v.征税，征收maglev n.磁悬浮列车（magnetic levitation）alliance n.联盟ally v.联盟 n.同盟国 e.g. Italy allied with Germany and Japan during WW.allowance n.津贴alter vt.改变，变更alternate v.轮流，交替 alternating/direct current 交/直流电alternative adj.二中择一的，选择性的 n.可供选择的办法或事物，替换物Some traditio
21、nalists hold that alternative should be used only in situations where the number of choices involved is exactly two, because of the words historical relation to Latin alter, “the other of two.” H.W. Fowler, among others, has considered this restriction a fetish. The Usage Panel is evenly divided on
22、the issue, with 49 percent accepting the sentence Of the three alternatives, the first is the least distasteful. Alternative is also sometimes used to refer to a variant or substitute in cases where there is no element of choice involved, as in We will do our best to secure alternative employment fo
23、r employees displaced by the closing of the factory. This sentence is unacceptable to 60 percent of the Usage Panel. Alternative should not be confused with alternate. Correct usage requires The class will meet on alternate (not alternative) Tuesdays.一些持传统观点的人认为 alternative 只能严格地用在二者择一的情况下，因为这个词来源于拉
24、丁语 alter，意思是“二者中的一个” 。包括福勒在内的其他人认为这种限制是一种迷信。用法专题小组中持这两种意见的人各占一半，百分之四十九的人接受“在三个选项中，第一个是最不让人讨厌的。 ”这句话。alternative 在没有供选择的成分存在的情况下有时也指一个变体或替换的事物，例如“如我们将尽全力保证因工厂倒闭而离开岗位的雇员以某种方式再就业。 ”语言用法专题小组中百分之六十的人不接受以上这句话。不能把 alternative 和 alternate 混为一谈。正确的用法是“ 全班隔周周二见面。 ”（不能用alternative）shift v.交换 n.轮班工人，轮班时间delete
25、vt.删除confirm vt.确认cancel vt.取消refresh v.恢复精力；刷新install v.安装paste n.浆糊 vt.粘贴 cut, undobold adj.勇敢的，莽撞的；【印刷术】黑体的document n.文件，证件pirate n.海盗；盗版商 piratedvirus n.病毒，电脑病毒altitude n.高度，海拔attitude n.态度amateur n.业余爱好者 adj.业余的rookie n.【俚语】 新手amaze vt.使惊奇 surprise, astonishamazing adj.另人感到惊奇的amazed adj.惊奇的amba
26、ssador n.大使 embassyamble vi.缓步，漫步ambition n.野心，抱负 ambitiousambulance n.救护车 fire engine 救火车ample adj.充足的；宽敞的amplify vt.增大amuse vt.使娱乐，逗乐analyze vt.分析 analysis, analyst, analyticancestor n.祖先ancient adj.古代的，古老的antique n.古董 adj.古老的anticipate vt.期待annoy vt.使烦恼，使烦人apparent adj.明显的appeal n.呼吁，诉诸， 【法律】上诉-p
27、el-/-puls-源自拉丁语 pellere 表示“推动，驱使，冲撞” 。expel vt.驱逐，开除repel vt.抵制，拒绝， 【物理学】排斥repellent n.驱虫剂impel vt.推进propel vt.推进propeller n.螺旋桨compel vt.强迫pulse n.脉搏， 【物理学】脉冲impulse n.冲动compulsory adj.必修的，强制的 n.义务教育appease vt.缓和，抚慰源自拉丁语 pax 表示“和平” 。pacific adj.和平的，宁静的pacify vt.使平静appetite n.食欲，欲望appetizer n.开胃菜 ho
28、rs doeuvremain course n.主菜 entredessert n.甜点-ped- expedition, pedestrian, pedal, pedicure, podium, impede, centipedeapplause n.鼓掌appoint vt.任命，分配，指派 assign, designate, allocate, allotappreciate vt.欣赏；感谢 To recognize the quality, significance, or magnitude.e.g. I think that young children often appre
29、ciate modern pictures better than anyone else.approach n./v.靠近；方法 approximatelyappropriate adj.合适的 properarbitrary adj.任意的，武断的e.g. My choice was quite arbitrary.e.g. I often make arbitrary decisions without consulting my friends.arise vi.出现 e.g. Today I hope I dont have any problems that arise.rise
30、n.上升 v.升起，起床raise vt.抬起；饲养，养育；筹集arouse vt.唤醒，叫醒architect n.建筑师 architecture n.建筑；建筑学arrange vt.安排arrest n./vt.逮捕aspect n.方面spec 源自拉丁语 specere 表示“看，观看” 。suspect vt.怀疑 n.犯罪嫌疑人respect n./vt.尊敬respective adj.各自的prospect n.前景prospective adj.预期的spectacular adj.壮观的spectacle n.景象；眼镜perspective adj.透视画法；观点，看
31、法 from my perspectivespecific adj.明确的 n.细节despise vt.憎恶aspire vi.渴望inspire vt.使有灵感，鼓舞perspire vi.出汗expire v.断气conspiracy n.阴谋prosper v.繁荣despair n.绝望desperate adj.绝望的；铤而走险的，孤注一掷的e.g. The bank robber was desperate for money. That is why he robbed the bank.assess v.估价，评定 assess the assetassist vt.协助 a
32、id n./vt.帮助，救助 aide n.助手exist vi.存在insist vi.坚持persist vi.坚持不懈persistent adj.坚持不懈的 persistenceconsist vi.包含，包括consistent adj.一致的，一贯的resist vt.抵抗，抵制 resistant, irresistibleassume vt.假设 assumptionpresume vt.假设 presumptionpresumably adv.据推测，大概consume vt.消耗，消费 consumer, consumptionresume vt.恢复，重新开始rsum
33、n.简历，摘要 c.v.（curriculum vitae）astronaut n.宇航员astronomy n.天文学disaster n.灾难，天灾 monstermystery n.秘密，谜mysterious adj.神秘的attain vt.获得，达到 containobtain vt.获得retain vt.保持，保留sustain vt.维持，保持maintain vt.维持，保持；主张 high maintenancedetain vt.拘留；阻止attorney n.律师 barrister, solicitorattribute vt.把归因于 ascribee.g. To
34、m attributes/ascribes his success to working hard.refer vt.涉及；把归因于 in reference toassign vt.指派；把归因于distribute vt.分发contribute v.贡献 contribute to/lead to/result in 导致contribution n.贡献audio adj.音频的，声音的audi 源自拉丁语 audie 表示“ 听” 。audience n.听众，观众audition n.试演，试听audit n./v.审计；旁听auditor n.审计员；旁听者author n.作者
35、authority n.权威authorize vt.授权authentic adj.真正的auxiliary adj.辅助的subsidiary adj.辅助的available adj.可利用的，可得到的 valueprevail vi.占上风，成功；流行e.g. You could be found in a raging torrent, in a canoe upside down, lose your paddle, and still say, “We are gonna prevail.”prevailing adj.流行的，普遍的prevalent adj.流行的，普遍的ev
36、aluate vt.估值，定价；评价valor n.英勇，勇敢valiant adj.勇敢的 n.勇敢的人valid adj.有效的invalid adj.无效的；有病的 n.病人equivalent n./adj.相等的，等量的wield vt.运用，行使avenue n.大道，林荫道revenue n.税收adventure n.冒险convenient adj.方便的convene vt.召集convention n.会议；习俗 traditionconventional adj.传统的 traditionalunconventional adj.反传统的，不寻常的event n.事件， 【体育运动】比赛项目eventually adv.终于
