1、IGC Doc 23/00/E 第 1 页 共 84 页SAFETY TRAININGOFEMPLOYEES員工安全培訓IGC Doc 23/00/EReplaces 替代 IGC Doc 23/86/EEUROPEAN INDUSTRIAL GASES ASSOCIATION歐洲工業氣體協會AVENUE DES ARTS 3-5 B 1210 BRUSSELSTel : +32 2 217 70 98 Fax : +32 2 219 85 14E-mail : infoeiga.org Internet : http:/www.eiga.orgIGC Doc 23/00/E 第 2 页 共
2、84 页SAFETY TRAININGOF EMPLOYEES員工安全培訓Reviewed and updated by the Safety Advisory Group Year 19991999年由安全顧問集團修訂和更新Disclaimer of warranty放棄保證的聲明All technical publications of EIGA or under EIGAs name, including Codes of practice, Safety procedures and any other technical information contained in such p
3、ublications were obtained from sources believed to be reliable and are based on technical information and experience currently available from members of EIGA and others at the date of their issuance.在EIGA或在EIGA名下的全部技術的出版物 , 包括實行的法規, 安全程式和任何其他的包含在該出版物中的技術資料，他們的來源是可靠的，並且，是建立在他們的發行期內、當前可用到的EIGA和其他的成員技術
4、資料的基礎上的。While EIGA recommends reference to or use of its publications by its members, such reference to or use of EIGAs publications by its members or third parties are purely voluntary and not binding. Therefore, EIGA or its members make no guarantee of the results and assume no liability or respon
5、sibility in connection with the reference to or use of information or suggestions contained in EIGAs publications.對於EIGA推薦參考文獻或使用的它成員的出版物, 由於這些推薦參考或使用的 EIGA出版物，來自于它的成員或第三方，它完全是無償的提供的。 因此, EIGA或它的成員並不能對它的結果作出保證，且也不能假定包含在 EIGA出版物中的參考文獻或採用的資料或建議不可靠或沒有責任。EIGA has no control whatsoever as regards, perfor
6、mance or non performance, misinterpretation, proper or improper use of any information or suggestions contained in EIGAs publications by any person or entity (including EIGA members) and EIGA expressly disclaims any liability in connection thereto.任何團體或個人(包括EIGA 成員)，對包含在EIGA 出版物的資料或建議是否關心、履行或非履行, 誤譯
7、, 適當的或不適當的使用等等，EIGA不作任要求和控制。EIGAs publications are subject to periodic review and users are cautioned to obtain the latest edition.EIGA也明確申明不承擔任何連帶責任. 。EIGA出版物定期進行評審和使用者注意採用最新的版本。EIGA 2000 - EIGA grants permission to reproduce this publication provided the Association is acknowledged as the sourceEU
8、ROPEAN INDUSTRIAL GASES ASSOCIATIONAvenue des Arts 3-5 B 1210 Brussels Tel +32 2 217 70 98 Fax +32 2 219 85 14E-mail: infoeiga.org Internet: http:/www.eiga.orgIGC Doc 23/00/E 第 3 页 共 84 页Table of Contents 目錄1 Introduction介紹52 Scope and purpose目的與範圍52.1. Scope範圍52.2 Purpose目的.53 Guidance notes說明63.1.
9、 Checklists and leaflets檢查清單與小卡片63.2. Training program 培訓計劃63.3. Training records培訓記錄73.4 Training process培訓過程73.5. Program selection計劃的選擇74 Checklists and certificates檢查表與證書74.1 Safety training checklist安全培訓檢查表74.1.1 Scope範圍84.1.2 Use使用84.2 Certificates證書84.2.1. Induction Training Certificate參加培訓的證
10、書84.2.2. Safety Qualification Certificate安全資格證明95 Safety leaflets安全卡9Appendices附錄Appendix A附錄ASafety training checklist安全培訓檢查表10Appendix B附錄BCertificates證書Induction Training Certificate參與培訓證書23Safety Qualification Certificate安全資格證24IGC Doc 23/00/E 第 4 页 共 84 页Appendix C附錄C22 leaflets (individual pag
11、e numbering)22 卡片 (個人頁碼編號)1 Basic rules for safety and good housekeeping安全和良好環境的基本原則252 Oxygen氧293 Nitrous oxide一氧化二氮314 Inert gases (nitrogen & argon)惰性氣體(氮 / 氬)345 Carbon dioxide二氧化碳366 Hydrogen氫氣417 Acetylene, Calcium Carbide, Lime Sludge and Purifying Materials乙炔、電石、電石渣和淨化物質438 Cylinders for com
12、pressed gases壓縮氣瓶469 Acetylene cylinders乙炔瓶4910 Loading and transporting cylinders氣瓶裝運5211 Cryogenic liquids, spills and vapour clouds低溫液體 / 濺出和蒸氣5412 Fork lift trucks叉車.5713 Critical safety systems關健的安全系統 報警與停機裝置6014 Pressure壓力.6215 Electricity電6416 Fire火6617 Hand tools手動工具.7218 Portable electric t
13、ools手持電動工具7519 Portable pneumatic tools手持氣動工具7720 Chemicals化學物質7921 Solvents溶劑8122 Work Permit工作許可證83IGC Doc 23/00/E 第 5 页 共 84 页1 Introduction 介紹In the gases industry, accidents can and unfortunately do occur at all stages of manufacturing and handling ie production, cylinder filling and handling,
14、maintenance and distribution.在氣體製造工業中，在製造和運輸的任何階段都可能發生不幸的事故，例如，在生産、氣瓶充裝和搬運、維修和銷售階段。Accidents records and statistics show that newly hired and inexperienced employees are more prone to accidents than others. Data that focus not on age but on length of service give similar results and confirm that the
15、 frequency rate of work accidents decreases with length of service. But statistics fail to explain why so many accidents occur with new employees. EU Council Directive (89/391/EEC) stipulates in its article 12 that “The employer shall ensure that each worker receives adequate Safety & Health trainin
16、g”. However, regulations, being generic by nature, do not provide sufficiently detailed guidelines as to the content of the training required in a specific industry. This document collates and shares the vast experience acquired by the industry in training new employees.事故記錄和統計資料表明：新招的沒有經驗的員工比其他的員工容
17、易發生事故。事故的次數的多少與人的年齡無直接關係，但與服務的年限的長短有關，事故的頻率隨著服務年限的增長而減少。但是統計並不能解釋爲什麽新員工會發生大量的事故。歐洲共同體委員會指令 (89/391/EEC)的第十二條規定：“顧主應該保證他的員工受到適當的安全和健康培訓”。然而，規定只是一般的要求，它對特種行業需要培訓的內容並不能提供足夠詳細的指導。但這些文件提供了培訓新員工所需要的大量的共同需要的經驗。2 Scope and purpose 目的與範圍This document, is intended to serve as a guideline for managers to devel
18、op their own training programs.這些文件可以用作經理們建立他們自已的培訓計劃的指導。2.1. Scope 範圍The document aims at offering answers to the following questions for employee safety training:這些文件可以對員工安全培訓的如下問題進行回答： Which topics must be included in the training?培訓有哪些題目？ Which key messages should be delivered as part of each to
19、pic?每個題目應該傳遞哪些資訊？ How to arrange a consistent training schedule?怎樣安排怡當的培訓計劃？This document mainly deals with the common industrial gases, namely oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, argon and acetylene. It also deals with basic safety rules, the use of and tools and portable power tools, chemicals and solvent
20、s, safe procedures and safety instructions related to the use of fork lift trucks, electricity, fluid pressure, fire and protective devices, cylinders handling, etc. This document is not a design or operating procedures reference document.這些文件主要涉及到一般的工業氣體，通常爲氧氣，氮氣、氫氣、氬氣和乙炔氣。它也涉及到基本的安全規定，如氣動和電動工具、化學品
21、和溶劑的使用，一些安全程式和安全指引，如叉車的使用、用電、流體的壓力、防火與保護裝置、氣瓶的搬運等等。這些文件不是設計和操作程式。2.2. Purpose 目的It should be borne in mind that the newly hired or moved INDIVIDUAL has everything to learn about the specific details of his JOB, the hazards of the materials he will be handling and the TOOLS at his disposal. Lacking e
22、xperience and training, he is vulnerable to all the risks involved. An employee can also be affected by the unfamiliar work environment of a new job which includes both the physical factors such as noise and heat, as well as the new relationships he must establish with his colleagues and superiors.I
23、GC Doc 23/00/E 第 6 页 共 84 页應該銘記於心的是：新員工或轉換崗位的員工對於他新從事的工作的詳細情況有許多東西需要學習。如他所搬運的材料的危險、他所使用的工具的危險。缺乏經驗和培訓，他從事這些工作時非常容易發生危險。新員工也容易受到他的新工作的不熟悉的環境影響，這包括對身體因素的影響如雜訊和熱，以及與同事和主管建立起的新的關係的影響。The arrival of new employees is a unique opportunity for management to help them understand the work environment and ensu
24、re rapid and safe integration. This responsibility must be accepted by management.員工新到對於管理者來說也是幫助他懂得新的工作環境和儘快提向他的綜合安全能力的一個重要時機。這個責任必須由管理者承擔。A sound training programme helps to create relations of trust which are beneficial to the safety awareness of a new employee. Although the publication is primar
25、ily intended on training of new employees, it will also have its usefulness to re-train experienced employees.合理的培訓計劃有助於創造信任的關係，這有利於增強新員工的安全意識。儘管這些出版物質是用於培訓新員工，但它對老員工的再培訓也非常有用。This document aims at helping the Plant Manager to select the proper safety training material when having the first contact
26、with the new employee before the starts work. Selected material could be used to write a training programme for an existing employee who is being transferred to a new job or just to periodically refresh employees knowledge on basic Safety rules and practices.本文件的目的是幫助工廠經理在初次與新員工接觸時選擇適當的安全培訓材料。被選擇的材料
27、能被用作爲轉換工種的老員工寫培訓計劃，或按照基本的原則和實際操作，作爲對老員工定期更新知識的培訓材料。3 Guidance notes 指引的注意事項3.1. Checklists and leaflets 檢查清單和卡片The document consists of a Safety Training Checklist and leaflets which contain information which must be known by the new employee and, therefore, includes data on product and equipment ch
28、aracteristics, hazards and precautions.本文件由安全培訓檢查表和卡片組成，這包括新員工必須掌握的資訊，有産品和設備的資料，以及危險和採取的防範措施。3.2. Training program 培訓計劃Before receiving the new employee, the Plant Manager (or equivalent) prepares a written training programme consistent with the function of the new employee. He should do this using
29、the Safety Training Checklist and selecting the leaflets appropriate to the employees job a guide to election of leaflets is given in 3.5. (non-selected items are identified as Non Applicable). The manager could also use other IGC publications. Please refer to the latest EIGA /IGC Publicationscatalo
30、gue of the year in order to select the relevant pieces of documentation.在接收新員工之前，工廠經理或相當職位的人員要準備一個與新員工的工作職責相一致的書面培訓計劃。他做個計劃時應採用培訓檢查表和選擇適合於這個員工工作的卡片。卡片的選擇在3.5中已給出（把非選擇的條款寫著不適用）。經理也可用其他的IGC的出版物。爲了選擇相關的文件，請參考當年最新的EIGA / IGC的出版物的目錄。Manufacturers instruction booklets and in house safety documentation con
31、stitute another source. The trainee should be given a copy of the checklist, the appropriate leaflets and other materials as selected by the manager. The program should include the names of all persons responsible for initiating actions, together with dates, time and location for each separate activ
32、ity.製造商的說明書和其他的安全文件構成另外的培訓資源。應給受培訓人員檢查表、卡片和由經理選擇的材料的複印件。這個計劃應該包括負責初期培訓年所有人員的名單，共同培訓的日期，分別培訓的時間與地點。IGC Doc 23/00/E 第 7 页 共 84 页3.3. Training records 培訓記錄Records of training should be kept. This will include a copy of the checklist signed by the trainee to acknowledge that he has received and understo
33、od the training.應該保存培訓記錄。這包括受訓者簽字並承認他已受到培訓和懂得培訓的內容的檢查表的複印件。3.4. Training process 培訓過程It is not sufficient just to hand over written material to the trainee. Each document must be explained to him by the trainer, manager or supervisor and worked through to give the trainee the best opportunity to und
34、erstand it. The written material should be supplemented by the use of suitable videos and slides.僅僅是把書面材料給受訓者是不夠的。每個文件都必須由培訓者、經理、主管向受訓者解釋，給培訓者創造好的練習機會使他真正地掌握。書面材料應該製作成錄相或幻燈的形式。The understanding of the trainee should be checked during the training and after it has been completed. When possible, simpl
35、e written comprehension tests should be performed.在培訓中和培訓完成前，應該檢查胺訓者對培訓內容的掌握情況。在可能的情況下，要進行簡單的書面考試。There should be a follow up within a suitable period of time to ensure that the essential safety points have been remembered.緊接著在一定的時間內還要進行考試，保證受訓者掌握了安全的基本要點。3.5. Program selection 計劃選擇The leaflets appr
36、opriate for each job are given below see the contents list for titles:適用于每項工作的卡片如下 見下面標題的內容-： Liquid handling 液體搬運 : 1, 2, 4, 11, 13, 14, 16, 22. Fork Lift Truck 叉車: 1, 8, 9, 10, 12, 16, 20. Cylinder handling 氣瓶搬運 : 1, 8, 9, 10, 12, 16. Cylinder filling 氣瓶充裝: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 16. Op
37、erating Air Separation Unit 空分操作 : 1, 2, 4, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22. Transport bulk liquid gases 液體槽罐運輸: 1, 2, 4, 5, 11, 13, 14, 16. Transport cylinders 氣瓶運輸 : 1, 3, 5, 8, 9, 10, 12, 16. Maintenance Air Separation Unit 空分: 1, 2, 4, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22. Maint
38、enance HP cylinders 維修高壓氣瓶: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 21. Maintenance customer installations 客戶設備的維修: 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 13, 22. Operating acetylene plants 乙炔廠的操作: 1, 7, 9, 13, 14, 15, 16, 20, 22. Maintenance acetylene cylinders 乙炔瓶的維修: 1, 7, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17, 20. Maintenance acet
39、ylene plants 乙炔設備的維修 : 1, 7, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22. Maintenance filling plants 充裝設備的維修 : 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 11, 12, 13, 22.4 Checklists and certificates 檢查表與證書4.1. Safety training checklist 安全培訓檢查表The safety training checklist is a document designed to be used by the employees immediate
40、 manager to serve as training plan, record and feed-back document. When possible, the senior manager and the safety adviser should be involved in approving the training programme and in monitoring progress.安全培訓檢查表是一份爲員工的直屬經理設計的用於作培訓計劃、記錄和反饋情況的文件。在可能的情況下，較高級的經理和安全顧問應該對培訓計劃進行審批，和對計劃的執行情況進行檢查。Appendix
41、presents a model template 附錄A是一個典型的模板IGC Doc 23/00/E 第 8 页 共 84 页4.1.1. Scope 範圍The checklist is not a training manual and sections which request specific training should only be completed when the relevant training has been delivered.本檢查表不是培植訓手冊，需要特別培訓的章節僅僅應該在相關的培訓已經做後，才能進行。The checklist shown in t
42、his document is only a basic model which is not exhaustive and may be varied according to the needs of particular installations and employees.本檢查表不過是一個基本的模板，且並非是很完整，在有需要的時候，應根據員工或設備做適當的調整。4.1.2. Use 使用The manager responsible for the overall training programme must complete the first column on the ri
43、ght hand side of the check list by inserting against each item the name of the person responsible for carrying out that item of training or, if not applicable, mark N/A. Items can be added at the managers discretion and to suit specific needs.負責整項培訓的經理應把檢查表右邊的第一欄填寫好，並將有關培訓人員的名字定好，如果是“不合適”則填上“N/A” 。負
44、責培訓的經理可按個別員工的特別需要，增加培訓的內容。Completion of the safety training checklist and delivery of the “Safety Qualification Certificate” (see hereafter) is not a substitute for job training, nor does it constitute a record that an employee has been trained to perform the job(s) for which he has been recruited.
45、Therefore, separate records of training in all aspects of an employees job must be kept in his/her training file in addition to the safety training records.完成填寫培訓檢查表及發放安全資格證書並不能替代崗位的培訓，或代表該員工已接受新崗位相關培訓的一個記錄。故此，額外及個別的培訓紀錄仍然需要妥爲保全。The safety training checklist has been divided into 7 sections but neit
46、her these sections nor the order of the items in a section constitute a priority list.安全培訓檢查表共分開七部分，但其中並無某部分或次序有優先。When an employee changes job, he will need to be trained accordingly and the appropriate sections of the checklist should be used. This “new training session need be documented as reque
47、sted above.當員工轉換工作崗位時，他是有需要再接受相關的培訓，並使用檢查表上合適的部分，而新的培訓紀錄亦要如上列要求的保全。The safety training checklist does not make any reference to the testing of employees knowledge and skills. This is deliberate, as practices vary widely between companies and countries. Statutory testing as for welders has still to b
48、e carried out and recorded separately.安全培訓檢查表並不是用做引證員工的知識或技術，皆因各個公司或國家的習慣均有很大的差別。例如：法例所規定的焊接考驗，則需獨立的進行及存檔。4.2. Certificates 證書Two certificates are part of the training process. Model templates are in appendix B.頒發兩種證書是培訓過程的組成部份，附錄B是兩種典型模板。4.2.1. Induction Training Certificate 培訓結業證This Induction Tra
49、ining Certificate documents that the new employee has been provided with basic information and Personal Protective Equipment before being allowed to report at his workplace.新員工培訓證書證明：新員工在去他新的工作崗位報到之前，已經給他介紹了基本資訊和提供了個人防護保護用品。4.2.2. Safety Qualification Certificate 安全資格證IGC Doc 23/00/E 第 9 页 共 84 页The Safety Qualification Certificate, when completed and signed as requested, documents that the employee has received specific training in all matters relating to Safety, as well as safety information relating to his job and
