1、口译笔译分类词汇（04）-政治政府词汇按保护价敞开收购粮食的政策 a policy of purchasing grain without limitations at protective prices把处理事与处理人结合起来 integrate the handling of cases with the handling of violators把有限的资金用在“刀刃上” use our limited funds where they can be put to best use保持经济适度快速增长 maintain an appropriate rapid economic grow
2、th保监会 the China Insurance Regulatory Commission保证国家的长治久安 guarantee Chinas long-term stability保证社会公共需要 guarantee social needs保证这些项目如期建成并发挥效益 ensure that these projects are completed according to schedule and yield economic returns避免形成倒逼机制、欲罢不能 The uncompleted projects cannot drag on and on and requir
3、e excessive investment.不合法、不合理基金和收费项目 illegal and unjustifiable funds and charges不会导致货币过量发行 without causing overissue of currency不进则退 no progress simply means regression 不良贷款 non- performing loans 不能搞赤字预算 cannot leave a deficit in their budgets不再经商 no longer engage in trade财政偿还能力 our ability to serv
4、ice debt财政的承受能力 financial capacity财政监督条例 the Regulations on Financial Supervision财政日子将更加难过 We will be in financial straits.财政收入占国内生产总值的比重 the ratio of revenue to GDP财政收支基本平衡的原则 a principle of maintaining a basic balance between revenue and expenditures财政资金申请、立项、拨付、使用效果等各个环节的监督 supervision over the w
5、hole process of fund allocation from application, project determination and actual allocation to returns on investment拆迁补偿费 compensation for demolition产权划转和产权变动 the transfer of and changes in property rights of enterprises产销衔接状况 the ratio of sales to production产业升级 upgrade industries长江流域的生态掩体 an eco
6、logical shelter along the Yangtze River Valley 长江三峡和黄河小浪底水利枢纽工程 the key water projects at the Three Gorges on the Yangtze River and at Xiaolangdi on the Yellow River长期国债 long-term government bonds常务委员 Standing Committee member车辆购置税暂行条例 the Interim Regulations on the Tax on Vehicle Purchases成长型企业市场 （
7、指二板市场）growing enterprise market (GEM) 城乡电网改造 projects for upgrading urban and rural power grids城镇登记失业率 registered unemployment rate in cities and towns城镇社会保障体系 urban social security system 城镇职工医疗保险制度改革 medical insurance for urban workers城镇住房制度改革 reform of the urban housing system出口经营权由审批制向登记备案制过渡 th
8、e transition from an examination and approval system to a registration and recording system for the right to engage in export出口配额 export quotas传统产业 conventional industries创新体系 an innovation system垂直管理 vertical management从源头上、制度上堵塞漏洞 plug up loopholes in terms of their sources and systems促进公平分配 promo
9、te fair distribution of social wealth村村通广播电视工程 project “extend radio and TV coverage to every village”存款准备金 reserves against deposit大部分科技力量游离于企业和市场之外 a majority of scientific personnel being divorced from enterprises and the market大力推进粮食流通体制改革 step up our efforts to promote the reform of the grain d
10、istribution system大面积多光区光纤光谱天文望远镜 a large sky area multi-object fiber-spectroscopy telescope贷款质量 5 级分类办法 five-category assets classification for bank loans邓小平理论 Deng Xiaoping Theory低水平重复建设 low-level redundant development滴灌、喷灌 drip irrigation and spray irrigation抵抗全球经济衰退 to combat the global economic
11、 slump地方性中小金融机构存款保险制度 a deposit insurance system for local small and medium-sized financial institutions电视会议 televised meeting调控宏观经济运行 regulate operation of the macroeconomy调整出口退税 adjustments in the level of export tax rebates调整投资结构和经济结构 the restructuring of investment and the economy堵塞漏洞 plug up lo
12、opholes对卷烟全面推行核定计税价格征收消费税办法 fully levy a sales tax on cigarettes on the basis of an authorized tax valuation对人民高度负责的态度 maintain a high sense of responsibility对中西部地区适当倾斜 appropriately directed to the central and western areas of the country夺取了抗洪抢险的伟大胜利 achieve great victory in the fight against flood
13、s发挥出最大的效益 produce the best possible results发挥最大的使用效益 yield the greatest returns on investment反对铺张浪费 combat extravagance and waste防范和化解金融风险 guard against and defuse financial risks防范金融风险能力 ability to guard against financial risks防止“重点支出重点浪费” prevent “more waste in more expenditures”非办不可的大事 important
14、tasks which must be accomplished非国有工业企业 non-state industrial enterprises非银行金融机构 non-bank financial institutions费改税改革 tax-for-fees reform 分配货币化 distribution of money分税制度财政体制 the revenue-sharing system风险防范机制 a risk prevention mechanism服从全局、服务全局 be subordinated to and serve the overall interests of the
15、 country复杂多变的国内经济环境 complicated and volatile economic environment both at home and abroad改革价格形成机制 reform the price formation mechanism干堤的修复加固任务 the task of repairing and reinforcing the main dikes干法旋窑水泥 dry-process rotary kilns敢抓敢管、不讲情面 have the courage to bear their responsibilities and exercise ma
16、nagement no matter what others might think高等教育“211 工程” the “211” Project for higher education高技术产业发展规划 plans for the development of high-tech industries高技术产业化 apply high technology to production高技术产业化示范工程 high-tech model projects to demonstrate their commercial viability高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜，全面贯彻三个代表重要思想 hold
17、 high the banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and carry out the important thoughts of Three Represents 高清晰度电视功能样机 functional prototype of high definition TV个人所得税法 the Law on Personal Income Tax个体经济、私营经济 self-employed and private businesses各地区经济发展的客观需要 the needs of the economic development of different re
18、gions各级各类教育 all forms of education at all levels各种“小金库”屡禁不止 failures to prohibit unauthorized departmental coffers repeatedly各种偷税、骗税和逃税行为 all acts of tax evasion and tax fraud工程监理制 project supervision system工程质量事故 accidents resulting from poor quality of projects工业增加值 industrial added value公开市场操作 op
19、en-market operations共建、调整、合作、合并 a program of joint development, adjustment, cooperation and mergers购买力 purchasing power鼓励兼并 encourage mergers关心群众疾苦 help alleviate their hardships规范管理 standardized administration规范化的财政管理 standardized financial management规范破产 standardize bankruptcy procedures规范税制 stand
20、ardize the tax system国际公认 internationally recognized国际通行的吸引外资方式 internationally accepted methods of absorbing foreign investment国家财政包揽过多 The state finance takes on too much financial burden.国家发展计划委员会 the State Development Planning Commission 国家确定的重点领域投资 investment in the key areas designated by the
21、state国家税源的大量流失 great loss of state revenue国家重点科研项目 national key scientific research projects国库券 treasury bonds 国民经济各方面 all sectors of the national economy国民生产总值 gross national product (GNP) 国内短缺原材料和资源性产品 raw and semi-finished materials and resource products which are in short supply in China国有独资商业银行
22、 wholly state-funded commercial bank国有企业改革 reform of state-owned enterprises国有企业和集体企业资本金统计报告制度 a system for reporting statistics on the capital funds of state-owned and collectively-owned enterprises国有企业重组 regroup SOEs 国有商业银行一级法人管理 management of the state-owned commercial banks with only their head
23、offices as their legal persons国有资产管理、监督和营运机制 management, supervision and operation of state-owned assets国有资源有偿使用 paid use of state-owned resources国债资金 the capital obtained from issuance of government bonds过剩的生产能力 excessive production capacity海峡两岸关系 cross-Strait relations 合同管理制 contract management sy
24、stem黑市交易 black market transaction in foreign exchanges很多上海企业涌向西部，掀起了去西部的淘金热。 Many enterprises of Shanghai go on a gold-rush spree in the western parts of China. 宏观调控目标 macro-control targets宏观经济预期目标 macroeconomic targets会计法 the Accounting Law会计信息质量抽查公告制度 the system for publicizing the results of rand
25、om inspections for the quality of accounting information积极的财政政策 a proactive fiscal policy基本养老保险省级统筹 unified basic old-age insurance at the provincial level基层监督 grass-roots supervision 基础设施建设 construction of infrastructural facilities缉私 suppress smuggling稽察特派员 special inspectors及时、足额发放 timely and ful
26、l funding of pension急需安排的重点支出 urgently needed expenditures for key construction projects挤占、挪用财政投资 misappropriation or diversion of financial investment技术密集型产业 technology-intensive industries加大处罚力度 severely punish those who violate the law and discipline加大宏观调控力度 tighten macro-control加大转移支付力度 increase
27、 transfer payments加工贸易 trade involving the processing of supplied raw materials加快经济结构调整 accelerate economic restructuring加强军队和政权建设 strengthen army building and the organs of political power加强征管、堵塞漏洞、惩治腐败、清缴欠税”的方针 the principle of “tightening collection and management, plugging up loopholes, punishin
28、g corruption and clearing up overdue taxes”价格法 the Price Law价格歧视 price discrimination 坚持解放思想、实事求是的思想路线，弘扬与时俱进的精神 adhere to the ideological guideline of emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts, and upholds the spirit of advancing with time. 坚定信心 proceed with confidence坚决不搞重复建设 prohibit redund
29、ant projects坚决杜绝劣质工程 prohibit inferior projects艰苦奋斗、勤俭建国 hard work, plain living and building up the country through thrift减轻企业负担 lighten the burden on enterprises减人增效 increase efficiency by downsizing payrolls减少福利型、供给型、实物型分配 reduce distribution in the form of welfare, supply and kind减员增效 downsize s
30、taffs and improve efficiency剪彩仪式 ribbon-cutting ceremonies 建立公共财政的基本框架 establish the basic framework for a system of public finance建设文明幸福家庭 the development of civilized and happy families健全项目法人责任制 the system of holding the legal person responsible for projects讲排场、摆阔气、比享受 ostentatious behavior and pl
31、easure-seeking降低银行存贷款利率 lower bank interest rates for savings deposits and loans,节能、节水、节地和低污染新型材料 new building materials that help to save energy, water and land resources and cause less environmental pollution金融体制改革 reform of the financial system金融资产管理公司 financial asset management companies进出口商品结构
32、pattern of imports and exports经济不发达地区 economically underdeveloped areas经济发展后劲 future economic growth经济房 low-cost housing 经营收费 operating charges精打细算 meticulous plan all expenditures精心设计 meticulous design 九届全国人大四次会议 the Fourth Session of the Ninth National Peoples Congress 九届全国政协常委递补委员 by-elect member
33、s to the Standing Committee of the Ninth CPPCC National Committee 就业问题 the problem of employment具有税收性质的政府性基金或专项性收费 government funds and special charges of a tax nature绝不能花钱大手大脚 absolutely cannot spend money lavishly军队、武警部队、政法机关与企业脱钩 the army, armed police and procuratorial, judicial and public secur
34、ity organs have severed their ties with enterprises开拓城乡市场 develop urban and rural markets开拓农村消费市场 develop consumer markets in rural areas抗洪救灾 fight floods and provide disaster relief科技成果转化 the commercialization of research findings 科技发展基金 a science and technology development fund科教兴国战略 the strategy
35、of invigorating China through the development of science and education科学技术进步 scientific and technological progress科学论证 scientific verification科学有效的收入组织机制 a scientific and effective mechanism for collecting revenue可持续发展战略 the strategy of sustainable development可支配收入 disposable income肯定成绩 affirm our a
36、chievements控制在国民经济可以承受的范围之内 keep within the limits of the national economic strength跨省区分行 trans-provincial or trans-regional branches亏损企业 loss-generating enterprises 扩大内需，刺激消费 expand/ increase domestic demand and stimulate consumption扩大住房贷款，助学贷款和大件消费品贷款 expand housing loans, student loans and major
37、commodity loans 拉动经济增长 stimulate economic growth来之不易 hard-won achievements浪费资源 resource-wasting 劳动力市场 the labor market劳动者素质的提高 improve the quality of laborers老工业基地 old industrial bases 离退休人员基本养老金 basic pensions for retirees 离退休人员养老金 pensions to retired employees理顺税、费、价三者关系 straighten out the relatio
38、nships among taxes, charges and prices厉行节约 practice economy粮食流通体制改革 reform of the grain distribution system粮食市场的宏观调控能力 the states capacity for macro-control of the grain market粮食政策性补贴 policy-related grain subsidies两大历史性课题（提高党的执政能力和领导水平、提高拒腐防变和抵御风险能力）the two major historic subjects of enhancing the a
39、bilities of administration and art of leadership and resisting corruption, guarding against degeneration and warding off risks.林区 forested areas零基预算制度 a zero-base budgeting system漏征漏管户 tax dodgers面对严峻挑战 meet the serious challenge民族地区 regions inhabited by ethnic groups名优产品 famous brand high-quality p
40、roducts牟取暴利 price hikes for exorbitant profits年度国家预算 annual State budge 农村电网改造 projects to upgrade rural power grids农村剩余劳动力 surplus rural workers起草社会治安法 drafting a social security law 全国人大常务委员会 the NPC Standing Committee 全国人大代表 deputy to the National Peoples Congress 全国人民代表大会 (简称 全国人大 ) National Peo
41、ples Congress (NPC)全国人民代表大会常务委员会 the NPC Standing Committee 全国人民代表大会常务委员会办公厅 the general offices of the NPC Standing Committee全国人民代表大会主席团 the NPC Presidium全国政协委员 member of the national committee of CPPCC 全面推进党的建设的新的伟大工程 forge ahead with the new great project of Party building全体会议 plenary meeting 权贵资
42、本主义(又译裙带资本主义或亲朋好友资本主义) crony capitalism 人均国内生产总值 per-capita gross domestic product (GDP) 弱势群体 disadvantaged groups (对弱势群体给予特殊的就业援助。-Special employment assistance should be given to members of disadvantaged groups.)三个代表 three represents theory (the Party must always represent the requirements of the
43、development of Chinas advanced productive forces, the orientation of the development of Chinas advanced culture, and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people in China.) 三讲教育：讲学习，讲政治，讲正气 three emphases education (to stress theoretical study, political awareness and good co
44、nduct)三峡工程 Three-Gorges Project三峡移民 Migrants from Three Gorges area生计问题 bread-and butter issue生态建筑 ecological construction使大多数亏损企业扭亏为盈 bring the majority of money-losing firms into the black 试点项目 pilot project特困行业和企业 industries and enterprises in dire straits退耕还林、还草工程 Grain for Green Project网络公司 a w
45、eb-based economy 西部大开发 the strategy of developing the western region西电东送 transmission of electricity from the western to the eastern region 下岗工人基本生活津贴 the basic living allowance for laid-off workers 下岗职工基本生活费 subsistence allowances for laid-off workers 现代远程教育 modern distance education宪法修正案 amendment
46、s to the Constitution 乡镇企业 township enterprises小组讨论 panel discussions/group discussions 新闻发布会 press conference 医保制度改革 Reform of medical insurance system医疗改革 health care reform隐形就业 hidden employment 有中国特色的社会主义民主政治 socialist democratic politics with Chinese characteristics 与时俱进 advance with the times
47、再就业下岗人员 re-employment of laid-off workers增收节支 increase revenue and cut government expenditure 债转股 debt-to-equity swap 政府工作报告 governments work report 政府机构改革 Reform of government institutions 制定反贪法规 anti-corruption legislation 中共中央委员会 CPC Central Committee中国共产党第十六次全国代表大会 16th National Congress of Comm
48、unist Party of China (16th NCCPC) 中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会 （简称 全国政协） National Committee of the Chinese Peoples Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) 中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会常务委员会 Standing committee of the National Committee of the CPPCC中国政协委员 member of the National Committee of CPPCC 中央纪律检查委员会 Central Commission
49、for Discipline Inspection 重庆（直辖）市 Chinas Chongqing Municipality 诸国议会同盟 Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) 资源丰富的内陆地区（指中国西部）the resource-rich hinterland 综合国力 overall national strengChinese Governmental Sections after the Adminitrative Transformation 1、 外交部 Ministry of Foreign Affairs 2、 国防部 Ministry of National Defence 3、 国家发展计划委员会 State Development Planning Commission 4、 国家经济计划委员会 State Economy and Trade Commission 5、 教育部 Ministry of Education 全国高考 the National College Entrance Examination 6、 科学技术部 Ministry of Science and Technology 7、 国防科学技术工业委员会 Commission of Science, Techn
