1、学位英语考试答题技巧 83418077 湖北学位英语群 71544378http:/ 视频教程网 佚名主题思想题在考试中出现的频率较高,因为这类题可考查考生抓主要信息的能力,而能够抓住文章的主要信息又是阅读能力的一个极为重要的方面。这类题在设题时常会用到 title, subject, main idea , topic, theme等词。常见的提问形式有以下几种: What is the main idea of the passage? Which of the following would be the best title? Whats the best title for the
2、passage? The main idea of the passage is that _. This passage tells us _. Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage? What does the passage mainly discuss? 做这类题时常用略读法,把注意力放在抓主要信息上,不去过分注意细节事实,否则会造成“只见树木,不见森林”的结果。通常的办法是,快速阅读文章时注意找出各段主题句。英文文章各段主题句常放在段首,有时也放在段尾或段落中间,有时
3、不明确写出,通读文章后把各段主题句联系起来,一般就能得出文章主题。 就整篇文章来讲,首段和尾段一般对于解这类题更为重要。我们以 97年统考试卷中阅读理解部分的第一篇文章为例: How often one hears children wishing they were grown up, and old people wishing they were young again. Each age has its pleasures and its pains, and the happiest person is the one who enjoys what each age gives h
4、im without wasting his time in useless regrets. Childhood is a time when there are few responsibilities to make life difficult. If a child has good parents, he is fed, looked after and loved ,whatever he may do .It is impossible that he will ever again in his life be given so much without having to
5、do anything in return .In addition ,life is always presenting new things to the childthings that have lost their interest for older people because they are too well-know. But a child has his pains: he is not so free to do what he wishes to do; he is continually being told not to do things, or being
6、punished for what he has done wrong. When the young man starts to earn his own living, he can no longer expect others to pay for his food, his clothes, and his room, but has to work if he wants to live comfortably. If he spends most of his time playing about in the way that he used to as a child, he
7、 will go hungry. And if he breaks the laws of society as he used to break the laws of his parents, he may go to prison. If however, he works hard, keeps out of trouble and has good health, he can have the great happiness of building up for himself his own position in society. 文章后面第四个问题是: The main id
8、ea of the passage is that _. A. life is not enjoyable since each age has some pains B. young men can have the greatest happiness if they work hard C. childhood is the most enjoyable time in ones life D. one is the happiest if he can make good use of each age in his life 文章的第一段讲的是人们常听说孩子们盼着长大成人,老年人则希
9、望返老还童。人生的每个阶段总是欢乐伴着苦恼,而最幸福的人则是那些既享受人生每一阶段所带来的欢乐,又没有因虚度年华而终生后悔的人。第二段讲述了一个人儿童时代的欢乐与苦恼,第三段则告诉读者青年人的责任与义务,机遇和挑战。从以上三段文字来看,第一段中第二句即是主题句,所以我们应选 D为正确答案。 阅读理解包括三篇短文,总阅读量不超过 900个词。每篇短文后设 5个问题,每题 2分,共 30分。所选短文内容包括人物传记、热门话题、社会、文化、日常知识、科普常识等。阅读理解题要求考生读后能掌握文章的主旨大意,了解说明主旨大意的事实和细节,并根据所读内容进行一定的判断和推论。 阅读理解题是一种综合性的技能
10、测试,它不仅要求考生具有较强的理解能力,还要求考生要有一定的阅读速度。而通常影响阅读理解的主要有三大因素:词汇量、语法知识、背景知识。从前些年三级统考的实际情况看,考生们反映最困难是词汇量太小,其直接后果是感觉时间太紧,答不完试卷。至于后两项也是弱项的考生来说就更困难了。考生要在这一项上取得高分,除了要在词汇量、语法知识、背景知识三个方面多下功夫外,还必须学会掌握一些最基本的阅读技能,了解这部分试题的基本设题思路及解题方法和技巧。下面我分“阅读技巧”和“解题类型及应试技巧”两部分给同学们做详细介绍。 试卷分析 新浪教育阅读理解一共有 15 题,规定的考试时间是 40 分钟,三篇文章中两篇较容易
11、,有一篇较难,三篇文章总词汇量不超过 900 个单词。阅读理解主要测试考生的四个能力:第一、掌握所读材料的主旨和大意。第二、了解说明主旨答疑的细节。第三、既理解字面的意思又能够根据所读材料进行一定的判断和推论。第四、既理解个别句子的意思又能在上下文上理解逻辑关系。这一部分题型主要考查学生通过阅读获取的能力,要求准确更要求速度。 词汇量少直接影响阅读理解,离考试 30 天,提高词汇量是短期之内突破阅读的瓶颈,获取阅读理解的高分的关键。短期突破的要点是从近 3 年来 6 次考试的 18 篇真题入手,至少能在 1 个月内掌握 80%的大纲要求的词汇,掌握了重点的词汇,也就能提高阅读理解的分数。 挑错
12、题是词汇语法的延伸,一共由 10 个句子组成,词汇语法掌握的好,挑错题也能拿到高分。如果考生语法基础不是很好,建议在考前练习时就注意避免精敲细推,因为考生的能力还远没有达到进行仔细推敲的程度,考试时间也不允许。挑错题本身的干扰性就比较大,往往考生做对了检查时又改错。所以考前一个月多练、快练是策略,不要花费过多精力研究。完型填空是整个五个题型当中最难的一个,从近年看是考生得分率最低的一个题型。这个题型的备考建议考生不要投入过多的时间,而且在考试的时候,对这个题型的时间运用最好不要超过 15 分钟。 翻译是整个试卷当中最容易的一个题型。如果阅读理解能掌握得熟练的话,英译汉写出大意就非常不错了,能得
13、到高分。汉译英的复习建议考生不要盲目地背句子,要掌握以下几个技巧:一个句子如果有四个单词写正确,整个句子也符合逻辑,不出现重大的语法错误,每个句子两分,一般都能得到,考生可以尝试做这种训练。学位英语分词 动名词 虚拟语气的语法细节语法小点动名词1.动名词主语 1) 名词直接放在句首作主语。例如:Using the right hand to shake hands is a convention in many countries.用右手握手是许多国家的一种习俗。2) 动名词在 “It is no use/ no good/ fun / a waste of time/ a good plea
14、sure等名词 + doing”结构中作主语,it 为形式主语。例如:It is no good writing to him; he never answers letters.写信给他不妥,他从来不回信。It is no use your complaining; the company wont do anything about it.抱怨是没有用的,公司是不会管的。3) 动名词在 “It is useless/ nice/ good/ interesting/ worthwhile 等形容词+ doing”结构中作主语。例如:It is good playing chess afte
15、r supper.晚饭后弈棋挺好。It is useless speaking.光说是没有用的。4) 动名词在 “There is(was) no + doing”结构中作主语。例如:There is no denying that she is very efficient.她效率高是不容否认的。There is no telling what he is going to do.他要做什么一点消息都没有。2. 动名词作宾语1) 有些动词后面要求跟动名词作宾语。常这样用的动词有:admit 承认 ; excuse 原谅 ; postpone 拖延 ;anticipate 期望; fancy
16、想象practise 练习; appreciate 欣赏; finish 完成; prevent 防止; avoid 避免;forbid 禁止; propose 建议; consider 考虑; forgive 宽恕; recollect 回忆;delay 耽搁; imagine 想象; resent 厌恶; deny 否认; involve 涉及;resist 抵制; detest 厌恶; keep 保留; risk 冒险; dislike 讨厌; mind在意; save 挽救; dread 害怕; miss 错过; suggest 建议; enjoy 喜欢;pardon 原谅;under
17、stand 理解; escape 逃避;permit 允许例如:I recommend buying the dictionary.我建议买这本词典。I dont anticipate meeting any opposition.我估计不会遇到任何反对意见。Will you admit having broken the window?你承认不承认打破了窗户?2) 有些动词短语后也要求跟动名词作宾语。常这样用的动词短语有:cant stand 忍不住; cant help 忍不住; feel like 想,欲;give up 放弃; put off 推迟例如:He put off makin
18、g a decision till he had more information.在获得详情之前,他没有急于作出决定。Do you feel like taking a walk?你要不要去散步?3) 动名词常跟在介词或介词短语后做宾语。常这样用的介词短语有:instead of, look forward to, object to, keep on, see about, take to 等。例如:We are looking forward to coming to China.我们期待着来中国。We succeeded in getting over all the difficul
19、ties.我们终于克服了所有的困难。4) 在“have difficulty (trouble, problem, a hard time, fun, a good time) (+in) +动名词; be busy (in) + 动名词;waste time (in) + 动名词;lost time (in) + 动名词;There is no point (in) + 动名词”等结构中,动名词做介词宾语, in 常要省去。例如:The children are busy doing their homework.孩子们忙于做作业。There is no point (in) making
20、the simple experiments once again.再做一次这种简单的实验是毫无意义的。5) 在复合宾语中,用 it 作形式宾语,将动名词短语放在后面。例如:I consider it a waste of time arguing about it.我认为辩论这事是很浪费时间的。6) 在“there be”结构当中,be 为动名词时,该结构也是一种带逻辑主语的动名词形式。例如:We can imagine there being a lot of fuss about it.我们可以想象到人们对此大惊小怪。Were you disappointed at there not having been more gifts?你对没有更多的礼物感到失望吗?3. 动名词的被动式1) 动词 need, require, want, deserve 后,用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。其用法相当于不定式的被动结构。例如:The watch needs repairing. (=The watch needs to be repaired.)