1、2013 年高考地理高频考点重难点详解 考点 2 城市化的过程和特点自然环境恶劣，人口主要集中分布在城市，城市化水平高于日本。2下列关于乙国的叙述，正确的是A人口出生率低 B人口集中在东南沿诲城市C人口集中在中部平原城市 D人口集中在绿洲城市【答案】D【解析】沙特阿拉伯属于发展中国家，主要是阿拉伯人，人口出生率高，人口主要集中分布在沙漠中水源较丰富的绿洲处。3 （2011 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试广东卷）19962006 年，我国城镇人口数量年均增长 4.46%，城镇建成区面积年均增长 5.23%，2006 年人均建设用地面积是发达国家的 1.58倍。由此可推断该阶段我国A城镇建成区城镇
2、人口密度升高A发达国家城市化水平高、城市化进程更快B发达国家城市化发展速度高于世界平均水平C发展中国家城市化发展速度低于世界平均水平D发达国家城市化水平更高，发展中国家城市化进程更快【答案】D（2010 年普通高校招生统一考试广东卷）读“2005 年我国东部沿海某市各圈层间人口净迁移模式图”（图 4），完成 1011 题 。世界城市化水平趋势图发达国家世界平均发展中国家城市化水平（%）0208060401001960 1980 2000 来源：高考资源网高考资源网()中心区城区边缘区近郊区远郊区23.3 万18.1 万6.1 万0.2 万0.28 万5 万 人口净迁移方向及数量图 412.4
3、万5可知该市A. 中心区和近郊区为人口净迁出区 B. 城区边缘区和远郊区为人口净迁入区C. 城区边缘区人口净迁出量最大 D. 近郊区人口净迁入量最大【答案】D【解析】观察图中箭头和读取数据,估算出净迁入或迁出的人口数量.选 D.6可推测该市A. 处于城市化初级阶段 B.出现郊区城市化现象C. 城市“空心化”现象明显 D. 城市人口规模逐渐减小【答案】C【解析】本题反映的应是发达国家的“逆城市化“现象,而不是“郊区城市化“现象.后者指郊区的人口城市化和郊区地域城市化,城市中心人口不会大规模向城市外迁移出现“空心化“.选 C.沈阳吴军高分英语家教地址：铁西区启工街地铁口旁第一城 A 组团 3 号一
4、层 网址: 电话： 2012 高考英语翻盘逆转押题预测必考点知识清单主讲人：吴军第一部分：单项选择定语从句出题思路预测先行词 n./pron -被定语从句修饰的 ,根据先行词选择连接词物：which/that/whose 人：who/whom/that/whose当先行词与连接词后面的名词 n 存在所属关系时（的）2012 定从预测 1My friend showed me round the town, was very kind of him. A. which B. that C. where D. it 2012 定从预测 2The road conditions there turn
5、ed out to be very good, _was more than we could expect.A.it B.what C.which D.that2012 定从预测 3Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school _I met in the English speech contest last year. A. who B. where C. when D. which2012 定从预测 4The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many
6、 of left their village homes for a better life in the city. A. whom B. which C. them D. those2012 定从预测 5A person _ e-mail account is full wont be able to send or receive any e-mails.A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever2012 定从预测 6In china, the number of cities is increasing _development is recognized a
7、cross the world. A. where B. which C. whose D. that2012 定从预测 7Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from effects the people are still suffering.A.that B.whose C.those D.whatas 与 which 均可替代整个主句在非限制性定语从句中，均可替代整个主句. 如从句在主句之后，两者皆可用； 如从句在主句之前，用 as。 介词 /逗号后, 永远不用 that!They failed in the
8、 exam，as/which is natural.As is known to all，the earth moves around the sun.He passed the College Entrance Examination, made his parents very happy.A. as B. which C. that D. it2012 定从预测 8_is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What 比较：_is kno
9、wn to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.2012 定从预测 9Jim passed the driving test, surprised everybody in the office.A.which B.that C.this D.it2012 定从预测 10_ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress.A. It B. As C. That D. What 2012
10、 定从预测 11Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, _, of course, made the others envy him. A. who B. that C. what D. which 2012 定从预测 12_ has been announced, we shall have our final exams next month.A. That B. As C. It D. What 地点：where/which /that 时间：when/which/that2012 定从预测 13The
11、Science Museum, we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of Londons tourist attractions.A.which B.what C.that D.where2012 定从预测 14I can think of many cases _ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldnt write a good essay.A. why B. which C. as D. where 2012 定从预
12、测 15Occasions are quite rare .I have the time to spend a day with my kids.A.who B.which C.why D.when2012 定从预测 16We are living in an age _ many things are done on computer.A. which B. that C. whose D. when 2012 定从预测 17The film brought the hours back to me_I was taken good care of in that far-away vil
13、lage. A. until B. that C. when D. where怎么确定关系代词前用什么介词?（1）定语从句中动词和什么介词搭配Gun control is a subject _ Americans have argued for a long time. (about which- argue about sth)There is no one _ she can turn when in trouble (to whom-turn to sb for help)（2）先行词常和什么介词搭配。The reason _ he was late was that he got u
14、p late.(for which- the reason for)2012 定从预测 18Wind power is an ancient source of energy we may return in the near future. A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which2012 定从预测 19Gun control is a subject Americans have argued for a long time. A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into whic
15、h2012 定从预测 20For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, New York is an example.A.for which B.in which C.of which D.from which2012 定从预测 21By nine oclock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, appeared a rare rainbow soon.A.of which B.on whic
16、h C.from which D.above which易错点:插入语和定语干扰!2012 定从预测 22She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction had taken more than three years.Afor which Bwith which Cof which Dto which2012 定从预测 23The newly built caf, the walls of_ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, specia
17、lly after hard work. A. that B. it C. what D. which2012 定从预测 24Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, , of course, made all the others upset.A. who B. which C. what D. that2012 定从预测 25She brought with her three friends, none of I had ever met before.A. them B. who C. whom D. these2
18、012 定从预测 26Last week, only two people came to look at the house, wanted to buy it.A.none of them B.both of them C.none of whom D.neither of whom定语从句真题练习2009 辽宁Theyve won their last three matches, _I find a bit surprising A. that B. when C. what D. which 2007 辽宁Eric received training in computer for
19、one year, he found a job in a big company.A.after that B.after which C.after it D.after this2006 辽宁I was told that there were about 50 foreign students Chinese in the school, most were from Germany.A.study;of whom B.study;of them C.studying;of them D.studying;of whom2004 辽宁The factory produces half
20、a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% _ are sold abroad. A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that DBDA名词性从句出题思路预测区别什么从句应看主句，主句不完整时从句肯定是名词性从句。主句完整时，从句可能是定语从句，状语从句，或者同位语从句。I have forgotten where we went yesterday.Where we went yesterday is covered with all kinds of flowers.Oh! This is where we
21、 came yesterday. This is the place where we came yesterday.Here, he made the promise that he would come here 10 years later.I will make a mark where he made the promise.where unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.需要用什么引导词看从句。名词性从句中缺什么意思用什么意思的引导词; 缺名词
22、性成份时，指人用 who/whom，指物用 what; 不缺意思和成份时用 that。That 只有在宾语从句中可以省略。2011 江西卷The villagers have already known well do is to rebuild the bridge.Athis Bthat Cwhat Dwhich2011 四川卷Our teachers always tell us to believe in we do and who we are if we want to succeed.A. why B. how C. what D. which2011 陕西卷Id like to
23、 start my own business thats Id do if I had the money. A.why B.when C.which D.what易错点:插入语干扰!2012 名词性从句预测 1The companies are working together to create they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century. A. which B. that C. what D. who2012 名词性从句预测 2 was most important to her, she told
24、me, was her family.A.It B.This C.What D.As2012 名词性从句预测 3The shopkeeper did not want to sell for he thought was not enough.A.where B.how C.what D.which1 In my eyes, _ is known to all _ Chinese economy has taken off.2 _ is known to all, Chinese economy has taken off.3 I took some medicine for the bad
25、cold, but _ didnt help.4 I took some medicine for the bad cold, _ didnt help.5 I find _ is a pity that he failed in the driving test.A. which B. that C. it D. As2012 名词性从句预测 4 is known to us all is that the 2014 Olympic Games will take place in L.A.It B.What C.As D.WhichWhether 是解! 不充当从句的任何成分，表示 “是否
26、 ”表明从句内容的不确定性。不可以省略。通常，引导主语从句、表语从句和引导同位语从句时，要用连词 whether，不用 if；习惯上也只能说 whether or not，而不说 if or not。_ the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That试题中的从句位于句首，不难知道这是一个主语从句，所以答案是 C。但是在宾语从句中表达“ 是否” 既可用 if 也可用 whether。主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,只能用 whether 引导，
27、不能用 if .主语从句 Whether it is true remains a problem. 这件事是否真实还是个问题。表语从句 What the doctors really doubt is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.医生真正怀疑的是我母亲能否很快从重病中恢复过来。同位语从句 I am in doubt whether I should agree to the plan. 2012 名词性从句预测 5Weve offered her the job, but I dont know_
28、shell accept it.A. where B. what C. whether D. which2012 名词性从句预测 6Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and it is rough or smooth.A./ B.whether C.how D.what2012 名词性从句预测 7What the doctors really doubt is _my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.A. when B. how C. whe
29、ther D. why 名词性从句真题练习2006 辽宁 makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.A.What B.Who C.Whatever D.WhoeverA状语从句出题思路预测转折关系:but,however,Altough,Though,什么时候选?2011 四川卷Frank insisted that he was not asleep I had great difficulty in waking him up.A. whether B. although C. for D. so2
30、009 湖南_ the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him.A. Although B. As long as C. If only D. As soon as2007 全国Between the two generations, it is often not their age, their education that causes misunderstanding.A.like B.as C.or D.bu
31、t2007 湖南Reality is not the way you wish things to be, nor the way they appear to be, _ the way they actually are.A.as B.or C.but D.and2012 状从预测 1Excuse me for breaking in, _ I have some news for you. A.so B.and C.but D. yet1 It was in this city _ he was born.2 It was this city _ he was born.3 It was
32、 in 1989 _ he was born.4 It was three days _ he was born.5 It is three days _ he was born.A. where B. which C. that D. before E.since20 10陕西John thinks it wont be long he is ready for his new job. A. when B. after C. before D. since2008 北京Im sorry youve been waiting so long, but itll still be some t
33、ime _Brian gets back. A. before B. since C. till D. after2011 四川卷 As it reported, it is 100 years Qinghua University was founded.A. when B. before C. after D. since2012 状从预测 2The field research will take Joan and Paul about five months; it will be a long time we meet them again.A.after B.before C.si
34、nce D.when2012 状从预测 3He was told that it would be at least three more months he could recover and return to work.A.when B.before C.since D.that2012 状从预测 4That was really a splendid evening. Its years I enjoyed myself so much.A.when B.that C.before D.sincebut,however, although didnt Unless/if .not ne
35、ver Without 接名词,主句有 would 或 could until so, therefore, as a result, accordinglybecause, since, as, for前后两句一肯一否，除了转折关系,2009-2011 年考的更多的是因果关系,until 和 unless. However 和 instead 同时出现在选项中时，容易选 instead ；However 和 otherwise 同时出现在选项中时容易选 otherwise；but 和 so 同时出现在选项中时容易选 so（therefore） ；but和 because 同时出现在选项中时容
36、易选 because（as,since） ，具体结合语境 。2008 北京Did you return Freds call? I didnt need to _ Ill see him tomorrow.A. though B. unless C. when D. because2006 北京He found it increasingly difficult to read, his eyesight was beginning to fail.A.and B.for C.but D.or2007 天津It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life_weve actually had that lesson.A.until B.after C.since D.when2006 广东“You cant have this football back_you promise not to kick it at my cat again.” the old man said firmly.A.because B.since C.when D.until
