1、PROTOCOL ON THE ACCESSION OFTHE PEOPLES REPUBLIC OF CHINAPreambleThe World Trade Organization (“WTO“), pursuant to the approval of the Ministerial Conference of the WTO accorded under Article XII of the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization (“WTO Agreement“), and the Peoples
2、Republic of China (“China“),Recalling that China was an original contracting party to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1947,Taking note that China is a signatory to the Final Act Embodying the Results of the Uruguay Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations,Taking note of the Report of the
3、Working Party on the Accession of China in document WT/ACC/CHN/49 (“Working Party Report“),Having regard to the results of the negotiations concerning Chinas membership in the WTO,Agree as follows:Part I - General Provisions1. General1. Upon accession, China accedes to the WTO Agreement pursuant to
4、Article XII of that Agreement and thereby becomes a Member of the WTO.2. The WTO Agreement to which China accedes shall be the WTO Agreement as rectified, amended or otherwise modified by such legal instruments as may have entered into force before the date of accession. This Protocol, which shall i
5、nclude the commitments referred to in paragraph 342 of the Working Party Report, shall be an integral part of the WTO Agreement.3. Except as otherwise provided for in this Protocol, those obligations in the Multilateral Trade Agreements annexed to the WTO Agreement that are to be implemented over a
6、period of time starting with entry into force of that Agreement shall be implemented by China as if it had accepted that Agreement on the date of its entry into force.4. China may maintain a measure inconsistent with paragraph 1of Article II of the General Agreement on Trade in Services (“GATS“) pro
7、vided that such a measure is recorded in the List of Article II Exemptions annexed to this Protocol and meets the conditions of the Annex to the GATS on Article II Exemptions.2. Administration of the Trade Regime(A) Uniform Administration1. The provisions of the WTO Agreement and this Protocol shall
8、 apply to the entire customs territory of China, including border trade regions and minority autonomous areas, Special Economic Zones, open coastal cities, economic and technical development zones and other areas where special regimes for tariffs, taxes and regulations are established (collectively
9、referred to as “special economic areas“). 2. China shall apply and administer in a uniform, impartial and reasonable manner all its laws, regulations and other measures of the central government as well as local regulations, rules and other measures issued or applied at the sub-national level (colle
10、ctively referred to as “laws, regulations and other measures“) pertaining to or affecting trade in goods, services, trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights (“TRIPS“) or the control of foreign exchange.3. Chinas local regulations, rules and other measures of local governments at the sub
11、-national level shall conform to the obligations undertaken in the WTO Agreement and this Protocol.4. China shall establish a mechanism under which individuals and enterprises can bring to the attention of the national authorities cases of non-uniform application of the trade regime.(B) Special Econ
12、omic Areas1. China shall notify to the WTO all the relevant laws, regulations and other measures relating to its special economic areas, listing these areas by name and indicating the geographic boundaries that define them. China shall notify the WTO promptly, but in any case within 60 days, of any
13、additions or modifications to its special economic areas, including notification of the laws, regulations and other measures relating thereto. 2. China shall apply to imported products, including physically incorporated components, introduced into the other parts of Chinas customs territory from the
14、 special economic areas, all taxes, charges and measures affecting imports, including import restrictions and customs and tariff charges, that are normally applied to imports into the other parts of Chinas customs territory.3. Except as otherwise provided for in this Protocol, in providing preferent
15、ial arrangements for enterprises within such special economic areas, WTO provisions on non-discrimination and national treatment shall be fully observed.(C) Transparency1. China undertakes that only those laws, regulations and other measures pertaining to or affecting trade in goods, services, TRIPS
16、 or the control of foreign exchange that are published and readily available to other WTO Members, individuals and enterprises, shall be enforced. In addition, China shall make available to WTO Members, upon request, all laws, regulations and other measures pertaining to or affecting trade in goods,
17、 services, TRIPS or the control of foreign exchange before such measures are implemented or enforced. In emergency situations, laws, regulations and other measures shall be made available at the latest when they are implemented or enforced.2. China shall establish or designate an official journal de
18、dicated to the publication of all laws, regulations and other measures pertaining to or affecting trade in goods, services, TRIPS or the control of foreign exchange and, after publication of its laws, regulations or other measures in such journal, shall provide a reasonable period for comment to the
19、 appropriate authorities before such measures are implemented, except for those laws, regulations and other measures involving national security, specific measures setting foreign exchange rates or monetary policy and other measures the publication of which would impede law enforcement. China shall
20、publish this journal on a regular basis and make copies of all issues of this journal readily available to individuals and enterprises.3. China shall establish or designate an enquiry point where, upon request of any individual, enterprise or WTO Member all information relating to the measures requi
21、red to be published under paragraph 2(C)1 of this Protocol may be obtained. Replies to requests for information shall generally be provided within 30 days after receipt of a request. In exceptional cases, replies may be provided within 45 days after receipt of a request. Notice of the delay and the
22、reasons therefor shall be provided in writing to the interested party. Replies to WTO Members shall be complete and shall represent the authoritative view of the Chinese government. Accurate and reliable information shall be provided to individuals and enterprises.(D) Judicial Review1. China shall e
23、stablish, or designate, and maintain tribunals, contact points and procedures for the prompt review of all administrative actions relating to the implementation of laws, regulations, judicial decisions and administrative rulings of general application referred to in Article X:1 of the GATT 1994, Art
24、icle VI of the GATS and the relevant provisions of the TRIPS Agreement. Such tribunals shall be impartial and independent of the agency entrusted with administrative enforcement and shall not have any substantial interest in the outcome of the matter.2. Review procedures shall include the opportunit
25、y for appeal, without penalty, by individuals or enterprises affected by any administrative action subject to review. If the initial right of appeal is to an administrative body, there shall in all cases be the opportunity to choose to appeal the decision to a judicial body. Notice of the decision o
26、n appeal shall be given to the appellant and the reasons for such decision shall be provided in writing. The appellant shall also be informed of any right to further appeal.3. Non-discriminationExcept as otherwise provided for in this Protocol, foreign individuals and enterprises and foreign-funded
27、enterprises shall be accorded treatment no less favourable than that accorded to other individuals and enterprises in respect of: (a) the procurement of inputs and goods and services necessary for production and the conditions under which their goods are produced, marketed or sold, in the domestic m
28、arket and for export; and(b) the prices and availability of goods and services supplied by national and sub-national authorities and public or state enterprises, in areas including transportation, energy, basic telecommunications, other utilities and factors of production.4. Special Trade Arrangemen
29、tsUpon accession, China shall eliminate or bring into conformity with the WTO Agreement all special trade arrangements, including barter trade arrangements, with third countries and separate customs territories, which are not in conformity with the WTO Agreement.5. Right to Trade1. Without prejudice
30、 to Chinas right to regulate trade in a manner consistent with the WTO Agreement, China shall progressively liberalize the availability and scope of the right to trade, so that, within three years after accession, all enterprises in China shall have the right to trade in all goods throughout the cus
31、toms territory of China, except for those goods listed in Annex 2A which continue to be subject to state trading in accordance with this Protocol. Such right to trade shall be the right to import and export goods. All such goods shall be accorded national treatment under Article III of the GATT 1994
32、, especially paragraph 4 thereof, in respect of their internal sale, offering for sale, purchase, transportation, distribution or use, including their direct access to end-users. For those goods listed in Annex 2B, China shall phase out limitation on the grant of trading rights pursuant to the sched
33、ule in that Annex. China shall complete all necessary legislative procedures to implement these provisions during the transition period.2. Except as otherwise provided for in this Protocol, all foreign individuals and enterprises, including those not invested or registered in China, shall be accorde
34、d treatment no less favourable than that accorded to enterprises in China with respect to the right to trade.6. State Trading1. China shall ensure that import purchasing procedures of state trading enterprises are fully transparent, and in compliance with the WTO Agreement, and shall refrain from ta
35、king any measure to influence or direct state trading enterprises as to the quantity, value, or country of origin of goods purchased or sold, except in accordance with the WTO Agreement.2. As part of Chinas notification under the GATT 1994 and the Understanding on the Interpretation of Article XVII
36、of the GATT 1994, China shall also provide full information on the pricing mechanisms of its state trading enterprises for exported goods. 7. Non-Tariff Measures1. China shall implement the schedule for phased elimination of the measures contained in Annex 3. During the periods specified in Annex 3,
37、 the protection afforded by the measures listed in that Annex shall not be increased or expanded in size, scope or duration, nor shall any new measures be applied, unless in conformity with the provisions of the WTO Agreement.2. In implementing the provisions of Articles III and XI of the GATT 1994
38、and the Agreement on Agriculture, China shall eliminate and shall not introduce, re-introduce or apply non-tariff measures that cannot be justified under the provisions of the WTO Agreement. For all non-tariff measures, whether or not referred to in Annex 3, that are applied after the date of access
39、ion, consistent with the WTO Agreement or this Protocol, China shall allocate and otherwise administer such measures in strict conformity with the provisions of the WTO Agreement, including GATT 1994 and Article XIII thereof, and the Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures, including notification r
40、equirements.3. China shall, upon accession, comply with the TRIMs Agreement, without recourse to the provisions of Article 5 of the TRIMs Agreement. China shall eliminate and cease to enforce trade and foreign exchange balancing requirements, local content and export or performance requirements made
41、 effective through laws, regulations or other measures. Moreover, China will not enforce provisions of contracts imposing such requirements. Without prejudice to the relevant provisions of this Protocol, China shall ensure that the distribution of import licences, quotas, tariff-rate quotas, or any
42、other means of approval for importation, the right of importation or investment by national and sub-national authorities, is not conditioned on: whether competing domestic suppliers of such products exist; or performance requirements of any kind, such as local content, offsets, the transfer of techn
43、ology, export performance or the conduct of research and development in China. 4. Import and export prohibitions and restrictions, and licensing requirements affecting imports and exports shall only be imposed and enforced by the national authorities or by sub-national authorities with authorization
44、 from the national authorities. Such measures which are not imposed by the national authorities or by sub-national authorities with authorization from the national authorities, shall not be implemented or enforced.8. Import and Export Licensing1. In implementing the WTO Agreement and provisions of t
45、he Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures, China shall undertake the following measures to facilitate compliance with these agreements:(a) China shall publish on a regular basis the following in the official journal referred to in paragraph 2(C)2 of this Protocol: by product, the list of all organ
46、izations, including those organizations delegated such authority by the national authorities, that are responsible for authorizing or approving imports or exports, whether through grant of licence or other approval; procedures and criteria for obtaining such import or export licences or other approv
47、als, and the conditions for deciding whether they should be granted; a list of all products, by tariff number, that are subject to tendering requirements, including information on products subject to such tendering requirements and any changes, pursuant to the Agreement on Import Licensing Procedure
48、s; a list of all goods and technologies whose import or export are restricted or prohibited; these goods shall also be notified to the Committee on Import Licensing; any changes to the list of goods and technologies whose import and export are restricted or prohibited.Copies of these submissions in
49、one or more official languages of the WTO shall be forwarded to the WTO for circulation to WTO Members and for submission to the Committee on Import Licensing within 75 days of each publication.(b) China shall notify the WTO of all licensing and quota requirements remaining in effect after accession, listed separately by HS tariff line and with the quantities associated with the restriction, if any, and the justification for maintaining the restriction or its scheduled date of termination.(c) China shall submit the notification of its import licensi
