1、CET-4 阅读熟词僻义归纳 CET-4 考试大纲规定,阅读文章的语言难度中等,无法猜测而又影响理解的关键词,如果超出教学大纲词汇表的范围,用汉语标明词义。这样命题者在词汇难度方面没有太多的发挥余地。换句话说,命题者主要是要考查考生在阅读中的推断能力,即根据上下文,运用背景知识、逻辑推理、语法及语篇完整性来推测词义的能力。而考生往往单纯注重一些生词及短语,忽视了熟词僻义。殊不知,掌握熟悉的词汇在特定语境中的取义,往往成为理解语句结构的枢纽,意义重大,可以帮助考生把握作者的思想意图,是解题的关键所在。例如,2003 年 1 月 CET-4 Passage 3 倒数第二段中有这样一句话:A sec
2、ond language isnt generally required to get a job in business, but having language skills gives a candidate the edge when other qualifications appear to be equal. 句中的 edge 一词就属于熟词僻义,edge 不是常见的“边缘“或“刀口“的意思,而应解释为“优势,优越地位“。考生如果对此不够熟悉,势必会影响阅读的效果。因此在这里,笔者分析历年四级真题,对照大纲词汇表,就阅读时常见并影响阅读的熟词僻义现象予以归纳,供考生备考之用。1.
3、 address 对说话, 向致意 He addressed his complaints to themanager. 他向经理诉了苦。2. anchor 担任(电视节目等的)主持人Mary anchored the TV programme. 玛丽主持了这个电视节目。3. appeal (to) 上诉,申诉Tom appealed to the higher court against his sentence. 汤姆对判决不服而向高级法院上诉。4. arrest 吸引Marys beauty arrests many eyes. 玛丽的美貌吸引了众多的目光。5. attend (to)
4、料理,处理,照顾Youd better attend to the children first-they need their breakfast. 你最好还是先去照料孩子-他们要吃早餐。6. bargain (for) 预料,指望I have not bargained for such heavy snow. 我没料到雪会下这么大。7. bridge 把连接(或弥合)起来These tax reforms are an attempt to bridge the gap between the rich and the poor. 这些税收改革旨在弥合贫富之间的差距。8. check 使
5、停止, 或缓慢进行We should check the spread of the disease. 我们应该阻止疾病的蔓延。9. command 博得, 赢得His bravery commanded our respect. 他的勇气博得我们的尊敬。10. corner 追问, 把难住The interviewer cornered the politician with a particularly tricky question. 采访者用一个极其巧妙的问题难住了那个政客。11. count 值得考虑, 有重要意义He is the only person that really c
6、ounts. 他是唯一有影响的人。12. credit 把归因于Miraculous powers are credited to relics. 人们认为这些早期遗物具有神奇的力量。13. cross 脾气坏的, 易怒的She is rather cross now. 她现在脾气不太好。14. (far) cry 与相差很远My ideal is a far cry from his. 我的理想与他的相差十万八千里。15. economy 节约措施, 经济办法Its an economy to buy good shoes in the long run. 买质量好的鞋子从长远来看终究是节约
7、的。16. gear (to) 使适应, 使适合(常用于被动)Education should be geared to the childrens needs and abilities. 教育应适合儿童的需要和能力。17. hit 成功而风靡一时的事物The new record is a big hit. 这张新唱片非常成功。18. invite 吸引, 招致(麻烦等)Leaving the window open is just inviting the thief to enter. 窗户不关简直就是引贼入室。19. merit 值得(赏罚、信赖等), 应受The suggestio
8、n merits consideration. 这个建议值得考虑。20. might 力量, 能力, 威力I pushed the car with all my might. 我用尽全力来推车。21. minute 微小的, 细小的, 极少的The wound was full of minute pieces of glass. 伤口里满是细小的玻璃渣。22. net 净得,净赚The sale netted the company a fat profit. 这笔销售生意给公司净赚了一大笔钱。23. novel 新奇的,新颖的He always has a novel idea. 他总有
9、新奇的想法。24. observe 遵守;庆祝We should observe the rules. 我们应该遵守规则。25. particular (过分)讲究的,挑剔的She is particular about what she wears. 她对穿着很讲究。26. prime 壮年;全盛时期be in ones prime 风华正茂He is past his prime. 他已过了年富力强的时期。27. slim (机会)少的;小的The chance of success is slim. 成功的机会很小。28. sound 健康的,健全的;完好的He is of sound
10、mind and body. 他身心健康。29. spare (常否定)节约,吝惜He spared no efforts in his studies. 他在研究方面不遗余力。30. spell v. 意味着; n. 一段(休息)时间Those dark clouds spell rain. 那些乌云意味着要下雨。Have a spell of rest when you are tired. 累的时候就歇一会儿。31. start 惊动,惊起The mere rustle of leaves in the wind makes him start. 一有风吹草动就使他胆战心惊。32. su
11、bject 使遭受;使经受;使服从He subjected us to great suffering. 他使我们遭受了极大的痛苦。33. tailor 使适应(特定需要)He has tailored himself to the new job. 他已适应了这项新工作。34. value 尊重,重视Ive always valued your advice. 我一向重视你的意见。35. wage 进行,开始,开展(战争、运动等)They are waging a war against crime. 他们正在展开一场反对犯罪的斗争。36. want 欠缺,缺乏She wants the courage to tell him the truth. 她缺乏告诉他真相的勇气。
