1、The Culture of FlowerAbstract Flower, a kind of plant which is used to appreciate, has a long history in chinait also acts as a verb in meaning which means spend, but I just want to show you the common one . It consists of corolla(花冠 )、 calyx（花萼） 、 receptacle（花托） and stamen(雄花蕊， pistil 雌花蕊 ), and ca
2、n be divided into two types :woody and herbaceous（木本） . We have all kinds of flowers today by genetic heteromorphosis; they can change into various colors along with the change of weather. Different flowers in different era have different histories and symbolic meanings; so I choose some typical flo
3、wers to introduce to you.The culture of flowers and trees derives from The Book of Songs according to the historic document. It is said that our forefathers have planted and recorded the ecological environment and climate of the flowers and trees in that time, besides; they also gave them some symbo
4、lic meaning. And the most important flower in that era is lotus which is regarded one of the noble flowers and affects the later generations very much. Here I will have a detail introduction of it.Key words: Lotus Symbol LotusLotus is a kind of herbaceous flowers which grows in the mud under the wat
5、er, its appearance is very beautiful: big、round and flourishing leaves, fresh petals, lovely Hindu lotus plumule 医用名词.it is categorized into appreciation and edibles, and there are two kinds of colors: pink and red. We usually see them in some subtopic and temperate zones. It is an important plant,
6、because all of its parts can be useful both in medical and scientific areas according to the Compendium Material Medica by Lishizhen, for example, the leaves of lotus are full of vitamin c which is very useful in cleaning heat; the seeds of lotus are beneficial for our hearts and kidneys; the roots
7、of lotus can make us have a good appetite; the Hindu lotus seedpods can clean our body eczema. In addition to the practical medical use, lotus has a remarkable meaning in our history.Literal symbolLotus is used to symbolize holiness, cleanness, resurrection, elegance and the sun. it is symbolized as
8、 a gentleman among flowers, to represent a kind of noble character which the poets praised very much like the poem of Zhoudunyi, honest which is the same pronunciation with lotus青莲 , love 芙蓉，亦“夫容” especially, the bases of lotus并蒂莲, and then richness, which is also same pronunciation of “rong”, if it
9、 combines with tree peony, we think it stands for wealth and rank荣华富贵，if it combines with pulsatilla (白头翁) and tree peony , we may regard it as a lucky mark to enjoy our life comfortably ,if we give some lotus seeds to the new couple, we usually want to express our best wishes to them to have a flou
10、rish negation. While different countries have different understanding of lotus, Japanese, for example, think that lotus is a kind of humble or even mean flower and always use it to symbolize with death and ghost. They use different states of lotus to stand for the past, present and future.In the anc
11、ient Egypt, they think highly of the lotus, they say it is the symbol of Buddhism and the purity off lotus signifies the holiness and the evolution of immortals. It is also one of the four propitious flowers of Buddhism. There are some other uses of lotus in Chinese history. The ancient people use l
12、otus to modify the feet of women, which they call “golden lotuses”, they also call the style of that kind walking lotus莲步. In the mythology, lotus is regarded as the embodiment of Nezha. Besides, lotus is used in political areas, because of the homophonic expression of “harmony” , they think lotus j
13、ust signifies peace, unity, combination and so on. Generally speaking, lotus is the symbol of “harmony” , which can Promote the unity of our country, the peace of the world and the career of harmony.Some celebrities have written some poems to show their admiration and respect towards lotus, Li pos a
14、ncient ballads, Lishangyins and Wentingjuns lotus thy are all used to praise the noble quantity of lotus. The famous monk -Cangyangjiacuo loves the lotus very much , he thinks the purity of lotus can present his spirit; Chinese female personage Linhuiyin is also in favor of lotus, she has written a
15、poem of it to express her deep feeling of her life .Besides, there is some other information of lotus: the national flower in South Korea is lotus; it is said one of the mythological person who is called Nezha is made of lotus roots after he killed himself; the famous model from Brazil -Leo is calle
16、d “the lotus prince” because his modern fancywork stage is like lotus; one of the brand of car is named lotus; the lotus can be made into tea, which is very beneficial to our body; many people think that XIshi is the flora in china.Here is a love poem in Song dynasty about lotus:虞 美 人 雨 荷 情 熏 风 溢 出
17、杯 中 酒 ， 醉 了 君 知 否 ？ 当 时 小 雨 正 消 魂 ， 挂 满 冰 晶 笑 脸 好 撩 人 。红 衣 香 透 心 相 许 ， 谁 续 黄 晶 侣 。 跃 花 巅 上 倚 荷 蜓 ， 怀 抱 凌 波 仙 子 倍 柔 情 。References:1. Websites: http:/ http:/ 德吉卓玛著 圣殿中的莲花 中国藏学出版社 20074. 寒江雪编著 . 清心禅：心是莲花开 江西人民出版社, 2008. 5. 哪吒莲花化身 浙江少年儿童出版社, 2001.126. 钱仓水主编. 花 农村读物出版社, 20017. 李时珍 本草纲目 8. 陈俊愉、程绪珂中国花经 上海文
18、化出版社 1990.89.夏风颜 仓央嘉措：我是凡尘最美的莲花作家出版社 2011.1010林徽因我的心是一朵莲花：别样女子林徽因的诗与文 武汉出版社 2010.4 11.Lotus leaf extract and L-carnitine influence different processes during the adipocyte life cycle Ralf Siegner , Research & Development , Research Special Skincare , Beiersdorf AG , Unnastrasse 48 , Bf , 520 , 20245
19、 Hamburg , Germany. Marc.WinnefeldB. Nutrition & metabolism page66【EISSN 】1743-707512. Superhydrophobicity in perfection: the outstanding properties of the lotus leaf Hans J Ensikat , Petra Ditsche-Kuru , Christoph Neinhuis , Wilhelm Barthlott page 152-161 【EISSN】2190-428613. The Lotus Quest: In Sea
20、rch of the Sacred Flower Mark Griffiths St. Martins Press14. Lotus: Asian Flavors Teage Ezard Periplus Editions (2007 年 7 月15 日)15. The Gospel of the White Lotus Charles F. Horne Kessinger Publishing16 The Lotus Still Blooms: Sacred Buddhist Teachings for the Western Mind Joan Gattuso Tarcher (2008 年 8 月 14 日)17.Dewdrops on a Lotus Leaf: Zen Poems of Ryokan John Stevens (译者) Shambhala (2004 年 4 月 13 日) 18. Lotus: The Competition Cars Anthony Pritchard Haynes Publishing
