1、中国水污染防治政策建议Policy Recommendations for Water Pollution Prevention in China,国家环境保护总局环境规划院Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, SEPA2007年3月1日,世行中国水污染防治政策创新项目World Bank-SEPA Project: China Water Pollution Prevention Innovation,Introduction 引言（1）,Water pollution control as one of the key tasks in C
2、hinas environmental protection 水污染防治是中国环境保护的重要任务之一。Targets established, key areas identified, key projects designed and implemented during 9th and 10th five year plan period 九五和十五期间，确定控制目标和重点区域，实施重点工程。Though improved to some extent, the reduction target of total load of COD had not been accomplished
3、 during 10th FYPP 尽管水质有一定程度改善，但是“十五”COD削减目标还是没有完成。,Introduction 引言（2）,Remain top priority during 11th FYPP仍是十一五环保规划的重点领域Ensuring security of drinking water全力保障饮水安全 Speed up the engineering projects for urban wastewater treatment and re-use of treated water 加快城市污水处理与再生利用工程建设 Strengthening the treatme
4、nt of industrial wastewater 加强工业废水治理 Push for the water pollution control in key river basin 推进重点流域水污染防治,WPPI中国水污染防治政策创新项目,Policy Innovation for Water Pollution Prevention in China 中国水污染防治政策创新Project Sponsored by World Bank and SEPA 世行和国家环保总局项目Project period(项目周期): 2001.12002.12WB Policy Discussion
5、Paper issued in 2006。2006年发表世行政策讨论报告,Main Policy Recommendations 主要政策建议（1）,Focusing on strategic planning 加强战略规划Long term version 长期目标Medium term (five years) 中期目标Annual plan 年度计划,Main Policy Recommendations 主要政策建议（2）,Adjusting policy and regulations 调整政策和制度Adjusting legal system 调整和完善法律Adjusting st
6、andard systems 调整标准体系,Main Policy Recommendations 主要政策建议（3）,Integrated water resource management 水资源综合管理No universal institutional system for integrated WRM 水资源综合管理没有统一管理体制WRM at river basin流域层次的水资源综合管理Need legal framework for river basin WRM 需要加强立法Institutional reform 体制改革模式,Main Policy Recommendat
7、ions 主要政策建议（4）,Strengthening economic instruments 加强经济手段的应用Tradable permits 可交易的配额Raise the level of fees 提高收费标准;Charge higher rate over the discharge of toxic material 有害物质排放收费标准高;Fee collected should be used for water pollution control 专项用于水污染防治.,Main Policy Recommendations 主要政策建议（5）,Strengthening
8、 financing 加强水污染防治的融资Wide options of financing water pollution control有许多融资方式;Cost recovery 成本回收；Public private partnership公私合营.,Main Policy Recommendations 主要政策建议（6）,Urban pollution control 城市污染控制Speed up the establishment of urban wastewater treatment plants加快污水处理厂建设Raise wastewater treatment char
9、ge rate提高污水处理收费标准Strengthen the supervision on urban wastewater treatment plants 加强污水处理设施监管Protection drinking water sources 保护饮用水源地,Main Policy Recommendations 主要政策建议（7）,Industrial pollution 工业污染控制Significant progress made已经取得显著成绩;Enhancing compliance and enforcement加强执法；Wastewater recycling techno
10、logies 污水回用技术;Promote clean technologies, EMS 推广清洁技术，环境管理体系等。,Main Policy Recommendations 主要政策建议（8）,Agricultural pollution 农业污染控制Derive reliable load estimates 确定可靠的排放量Develop a well though-out strategy for agricultural pollution control 制定农业污染控制战略Integrated approach 综合措施。,Main Policy Recommendation
11、s 主要政策建议（9）,Improving water quality monitoring 改善水质监测Harmonization and quality control of data from difference sources 数据整合和质量控制；Clearly differentiate the responsibilities of SEPA and MWR but apply uniform standard明确确定环保（水质）和水利（水文）部门在监测方面的职责，但要统一监测标准,Main Policy Recommendations 主要政策建议（10）,Planning a
12、nd capacity building规划和能力建设Open planning procedure 开放式的规划程序Capacity building 能力建设,Main Policy Recommendations 主要政策建议（11）,Environmental awareness and public participation 环境意识和公众参与The use of public pressure借助于公众力量;Information disclosure信息公开;Environmental labeling 环境标志.,谢谢！Thank you for your attention!,
