1、Apart from a few words, I do not know any French at all.apart from 除了， 只是 （先说明例外， 后说明整体， 放在句首）如何表示“除了”？except 除外，没有了 （将个别从同类中排除， 放在句中。 ）All the kids fell asleep except Jenny. 除了捷尼， 别的小孩都睡着了。 （同类事物）except for 除了以外 （用于表示对主要部分的肯定和对局部的否定， 不表示同类事物的关系，可放在句首或句中。 ）He is a good guy, except for his hot temper
2、. 他基本上是个好人，就是脾气有点急。 ( 非同类事物，整体和部分之比)besides 除外 （包含）I have finished seven pages besides the cover face. 除了封面，我还完成了七页。（两者都完成了）but = except （放置于句中， 通常用在 every, any, no 等复合词之后。 ）I sent out every mail but Tims. 除了提姆的信以外，我全部都发出了。Lesson 15 secretary n. 秘书historysecretnervous adj. 精神紧张的be nervousworried：为以后
3、的事情担心upset:不安的afford v. 负担得起afford sth.I can afford the hoilday.有时间去afford money/timeafford to do sth.I can afford five yuan./I can afford the book./I can afford to buy the book.weak adj. 弱的interrupt v. 插话，打断(n.)interruptiondisturb：打扰某人interrupt：打断某人的话Sorry to.look down upon/on sb：瞧不起某人I look down u
4、pon my sister.I look down 往地上看The firm could not afford to pay such large salaries.collect salary 领薪水pay salary 支付薪水so 的后面加形容词或副词such 的后面加名词，容许在该名词前面加修饰词所有的间接引语都是宾语从句My turn has come.It is my turn.轮到我了in a . voicein a loud(大声)/low (低声)weak(心里不踏实)strong(理直气壮) voicean extra thousand再有多少：数量extra名词two o
5、therstwo more/once moreanother three days间接引语直接引语是直接引述别人的原话， 一字不改， 加引号。间接引语又称转述引用。就是把某人说的话转述给他人， 通常由“say” 、 “tell”、 “ask” 引出。间接引语一般都构成宾语从句。针对新概念一册学过的间接引语的内容, 我们大致总结如下：人称变化要逻辑She said, “I can fix the dinner for the kids.”She said that she could fix the dinner for the kids.时态对应向后推She said, “The spring
6、 has come!”She said that the spring had come!连词选用看三角陈述语序最重要Meg asked, “Is it snowing?”Meg asked if it was snowing.状语变化按规定He said, “We went to the theater yesterday.”He said that they had gone to the theater the day before.Lesson 161. trafficn. 交通， 路况The traffic is terribly heavy in rush hours. 在上下班高
7、峰时间， 交通拥堵十分厉害。Traffic congestion is one of the social issues we face every day. 塞车是我们每天都要面对的社会问题之一。She just drove through the red traffic light. 她刚闯了红灯。2. signn. 标记 Pay great attention to the traffic signs while driving. 开车时一定要注意路标。n. 记号 Which astrological sign do you belong to? 你是哪个星座的？v. 签署 Would
8、you sign your name here, please? 请在这儿签上您的名字， 好吗？n. signature 签名3. remindern. 提示A kiss is a pleasant reminder that two heads are better than one.吻是一个让你意识到两人总比一人好的温馨小提示。 remind. of / about. 提醒某人某事， 使想起These old pictures remind me of my campus life years ago.这些老照片使我想起了以前的校园生活。4. failv. 不及格， 失败 I failed
9、 in math last term. 上学期我数学没及格。My eyesight is failing. 我的视力越来越差。The brake failed and the car went straight toward the sidewalk. 汽车刹车坏了， 车径直冲上了人行道。v. 未能做成 He failed to save her from the kidnappers. 他未能从绑架者手中把她救出。5. obeyv. 遵守 Falling objects obey the Law of Gravity. 自由落体遵循的就是万有引力定律。 adj. obedient 顺从的 A
10、 Dog is obedient to his master. 狗是十分听主人话的。条件句条件， 顾名思义就是一个事物发生和存在的前提。英语中的条件状语从句分为真实条件和非真实条件， 后者又称为虚拟语气。用法：If we dont lose heart, we will find a way out. （主将从现） 只要不灰心， 总会有出路。What shall we do if we cant get enough assistance? （主情从现）如果得不到足够的援助， 我们该如何是好？If you are free tomorrow, please come and join us！ （主将从现） 如果你明天有空，来加入我们吧！He may give up the stupid idea if he loves you. （主情从现） 如果他爱你， 他会放弃这个愚蠢的想法。I wont go to the party unless I am invited. 除非我被邀请， 否则我是不会去参加聚会的。Youd better take your umbrella in case it should rain. 你最好带上雨伞， 以防下雨。As long as we keep trying, we will succeed. 只要我们不断努力， 我们一定能成功。
