1、1说明：各位老师，由于本版教材在 08 年第五次印刷时改过一部分练习题，主要是第一题 comprehension 和 vocabulary 这两部分。改动部分的答案如下：阅读专业篇一08年1月第5次重印后作过改动的练习题答案：Unit 1Text A I. 1.C 2. C 3.D 4.A 5.B 6.A II. 1. aggressive 2. reliably 3. candidate 4. merchandise 5. ethical 6. prohibits 7. minimal 8.exceed 9.implemented 10 .accountableText B I. 1.C 2
2、. D 3.C 4. A 5. D 6.B II. 1. representative 2. reputation 3. interdependent 4. responsibility 5. was cheated 6. minimize 7. sensitive 8. expectation 9.was convinced 9. convinceText C I. 1.F 2. T 3. T 4. T 5.F 6. F 7.T 8.T 9.F 10. T II. 1. verdict 2. illustrate 3. highlighting 4.eroded 5.merger6. exp
3、licit 7. flourish 8. imposed 9.has banned 10.was formulatedUnit 2Text A I. 1.C 2. D 3. D 4.B 5.AII. 1. licensed 2. sued 3. cater 4. accomplishment 5. assumes 6. proprietor 7. bankruptcies 8. aid 9. asset 10.transfer, transference Text B I. Advantages: 1.greater; credit ratings 2.higher quality 3 rea
4、ction 4.regulatory 5 distribute profits Disadvantages: 1. liabilities 2. profits 3. (potential) conflicts 4. getting out II 1. withdrew 2. conflict 3. terminated 4. obligation 5. ownership 6.file 7. disruptions 8. proportion 9. retail 10. justifiedText C I. 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.D 6.BII. 1. approval 2.
5、was delegated 3. double taxation 4. Limited liability 5. subject to 6. issued 7. circulated 8. managerial 9 Dividend 210 incorporateUnit 3Text A I. 1.C 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.DII. 1. opportunity 2. critical 3. independently 4. sound 5. orientation 6. innovative 7. Definition 8. employ9. criterion 10. grantTe
6、xt B I. 1. F 2.T 3.T 4.F 5.T 6.F 7.F 8.T 9.F 10.TII. 1. negotiate 2. schedule 3. entrepreneur 4. accumulating inevitable 6. sponsor 7. qualified 8. loans 9. potential 10. guarantee Text C I. 1.C 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.A1. has matured 2. franchise 3. marketed/markets 4. arise 5. obtain 6. raising 7.establishe
7、d 8. generate 9. expanded 10. benefit fromUNIT 4 Text A I. 1.C 2.B 3.c 4.B 5.AII. 1. happened to 2. delivery 3. legwork 4. effective5. ahead of 6. evaluate 7. accomplishment 8. keep an eye on 9. monitoring 10. tempo Text B I. 1.D 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.C 6.A 7.D 8.BII. 1. recruitment 2. variety 3. compensate
8、 4. financial5. survive 6. institution 7. effective 8. emergence 9. division 10. overseeing Text C I. 1.D 2.A 3.D 4.CII. 1. distinguished 2. determine 3. competitive 4. attend to 5. contribution 6. identified 7. relates to 8. promoted 9. attain 10. execute UNIT5 A I. 1.D 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.C 6.B II.Vocab
9、ulary 1. flextime 2. is guiding 3. bottom line 4. courtesy5. productive 6. interacted 7. unannounced 8.marketable 9.hostile 10.priorityUNIT5 BI. 1. C 2. E 3. A 4. F 5. B 6. DII.Vocabulary 1. underwent 2. location 3. affected 4. enormous35. static 6. self-evident 7. crucial 8. in turn 9. dramatic 10.
10、substantialUNIT5 CI.Comprehension 1. T 2. T 3. T 4. F 5. F 6. F 7. T 8. F 9. F 10. TII.Vocabulary 1. specifications 2. distractions 3. streamlining 4. prototype 5. plunged into6. know-how 7. simultaneously 8. portable 9. annual 10. entangledUNIT6 AI.Comprehension 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. F 6. T 7. T 8
11、. FII.Vocabulary 1. conform 2. procedures 3.output 4.dispatched 5. layout 6. forecast 7.coordinate 8.initiateUNIT6 BI.Comprehension 1. B 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. BII.Vocabulary 1. sourced 2. noted 3. utilize 4. surcharge 5. initial 6. complexities 7. viability 8. integratedUNIT6 CI.Comprehension 1. D 2. B
12、3. E 4. G 5. F 6. C 7. A II.Vocabulary 1. revision 2. facilitate 3. upgraded 4. logical 5. make up 6. mandatory 7. implementing 8. registrar 9. version 10. identifiedUNIT7 AI.Comprehension 1. T 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. F 6. T 7. T 8. FII.Vocabulary 1. attribute 2. minorities 3. workforce 4. perceived 5. co
13、nsequences 6. Commodity 7. tangible 8. intangible 9. differentiate 10. influx)UNIT7 BI.Comprehension 1. D 2. F 3. A 4. B 5. E 6. G 7. C II.Vocabulary 1. segment 2. run 3. spending 4. intense 5. overtaken 6. anticipated 7. phase 8. withdraw 9. launch 10. stabilize UNIT7 CI.Comprehension 1.B 2.A 3.C 4
14、.C 5.D6.BII.Vocabulary 1. triggered 2. timescale 3. captured 4. minor 5. consumption 6. critical 7. timing 8. released 9. modified 10. finalizeUNIT8 A I.Comprehension 1.T 2.F 3. T 4.T5.F 6.T 7.F 8.T 9.F10.T4II.Vocabulary 1. liquor 2. logo 3. accumulate 4. container 5.identity 6. tacit 7. associated
15、8. customarily 9. embodies 10.maintenanceUNIT8 BI.Comprehension 1. C 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. DII.Vocabulary 1. moderate 2. objectives 3. reviewed 4. investigation 5. segment6. emergence 7. overall 8. as to 9. Inflation 10. substantialUNIT8 CI.Comprehension 1. C 2. F 3. A 4. D 5. G 6. E 7. BII.Vocabul
16、ary 1. factor 2. bottom line 3. monopoly 4.integrate 5. maintain 6. Ironically 7. income 8. feedback 9.influential 10.portionUNIT9.A I.Comprehension 1. B 2. C 3.B 4.D 5.C1. to relate 2. intangible 3. inseparable 4. acquisition 5. retention 6. segmenting 7. have diffused 8. pursueUNIT9.B I.Comprehens
17、ion 1. D 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. CII. Vocabulary 1. co-ordinate 2. integration 3. assume 4. monitoring 5. administers 6. spectrum 7. Margins 8. restrictUNIT9 C I.Comprehension 1. B 2.D 3.B 4.D 5. A 6.C II.Vocabulary 1. audience 2. alternative 3. order 4. convince 5. allowance 6. comprised 7. stimulat
18、e 8. exceeded 9. sponsor 10. quotaUNIT10.AI.Comprehension 1. T 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. T 6. F 7. T 8. FII.Vocabulary 1. recognition 2. perceived 3. mature 4. motivation 5. skeptical 6. Variety 7. has featured 8. appropriate9.repetition 10.adequatelyUNIT10.BI.Comprehension 1. A 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. DII.V
19、ocabulary 1. prestige 2. entity 3. Constraints 4. constituency 5. adjustments 6. considerate 7. generate / will generate 8. legislation 9.define 10. revenues5UNIT10 CI.Comprehension 1. D 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. DII.Vocabulary 1. rebate 2. formulas / formulae 3. to memorize 4. flustered 5. facilitates
20、 / will facilitate 6. has reinforced 7. to ensure 8. Prospecting 9.subsequent 10.visualText A1. The Role of BusinessThe Commission on Business in Society defines the role of business in the context of globalization and changing societal expectations and articulates messages on issues relating to bus
21、iness in society. Business makes a huge contribution to economic and social development. Companies are eager to encourage environmental and social progress by remaining true to their own business principles. Whether these are formal or informal, they play an important role in bridging cultural diver
22、sity within companies and in enhancing awareness of societal values and concerns.2. Social ResponsibilityPrinciple that businesses should actively contribute to the welfare of society and not only maximize profits. Most corporate annual reports will highlight what the company has done to further edu
23、cation, help minorities, give to the arts and social welfare agencies, and in general improve social conditions. The concept is also used by investors in picking companies that are fair to their employees, do not pollute or build weapons, and make beneficial products.1. most consumers believed that
24、competition and general market activity would correct the abuses of the marketplace. Most consumers believed that competition and general market activity would put a stop to the unjust or corrupt business practice.abuses n. wrong or bad use or teratment of sth/sb 对某事物（某人）的滥用、妄用或虐待。e.g. drug abuse 滥用
25、麻醉药品an abuse of trust,privilege,authority 辜负别人的信任、滥用特权、滥用权力Related InformationLanguage Points62. From 1920 to 1950, businesses used aggressive sales methods to expand their profits. From 1920 to 1950, businesses used more effective sales methods to get more profits.aggressive adj. forceful （常作褒义）强有力
26、的e.g. A good salsman must be aggressive if he wants to be succeed.要做个好的推销员一定要有闯劲才能成功。3. Customers provided information about what products they wanted, and for the first time there was a public outcry for product safety and reliability. Customers told businesses what they wanted. They also made a pu
27、blic protest against such products which were not safe and untrusted.outcry n. strong public protest 公开的强烈抗议e.g. There was a public outcry about the building of a new airport.公众强烈反对修建新机场。reliability n. state or quality of being reliable 可靠（性） ，可信（性）e.g. This facts proved the reliability of my memory
28、. 这些事实证明我的记忆很好。4. To be successful, a business must determine what customers, employees, government regulators, and competitors, as well as society in general, want or expect in terms of social responsibility. To be successful, a business should consider the desires of those such as customers, emplo
29、yees, government regulators, and competitors, also the whole society from the angle of social responsibility.determine v. decide 确定，决定e.g. She will determine how it is to be done. 她将决定这件事的作法。5. As part of being responsible, the interests of the corporation are balanced against its accountability for
30、 the effect of its actions upon society, the environment, and other interested parties. The corporation gets its profits meanwhile it has an positive effect on society,environment and other parties that share the same interests with it, this is one aspect of being responsibility.accountability n. re
31、sponsibility 责任，职责accountable adj. required or expected to give an explanation for ones actions,ect.（对自己的行为等）应作解说，负责e.g. Who are you accountable to in the organization?你在这个组织里向谁负责？传统的商业企业只会考虑自己的利益。而在现代社会中，企业则需要表现出更多的社会责任感和拥有更少的负面影响。社会责任社会责任是指企业除了对业主或股东应负的经济责任外应对社会负有的责任和义务，同时还有法律和合同上所规定的责任和义务。社会责任是广义
32、的概念，它和企业对社会产生的影响有关，而不仅仅是指符合道德的行为。企业要体现社会责任感，管理者要意识到他们的行为如何对社会产生影响。总的来说，企业主要有两种责任。第一，遵纪守法；第二，赚取利润，目的是继续译 文7生产，给员工发工资，以及分红给业主和股东们。当管理者和业主在关注社会责任这个问题时，他们应记住以上两点。社会责任的历史发展二十世纪初，政府在这方面的规定还不多。不管怎样，大多数的消费者相信竞争和常规的商业行为会纠正市场上的不正之风。随着市场中竞争者和产品的增多，需要有更多的优质产品以吸引顾客。在 1920 到 1950 的三十年中，商家采用了积极有力的销售策略来增加他们的收益。他们相信
33、，向消费者推销产品的最好办法是个人推销和广告。随着市场竞争的加剧，国会通过了法律条款，以遏制大企业独占市场的趋势，强行规定企业为个人提供社会服务。当企业意识到只凭销售和优质产品无法增加收益的时候，企业就逐渐地产生了社会责任感。当今的社会责任50 年代初，有些商人发现，优质的产品和促销手段并不能保证顾客购买他们的产品，增加销售额的关键是生产出消费者需要的产品。他们设计产品以满足消费者的需要。与此同时，雇员也在要求改善工作条件，管理者和业主听取了他们的意见。消费者提供了他们所需产品的讯息，历史上第一次有了对产品的安全可靠性的公开抗议。社会从一些途径表达了他们所不希望的。法律和规章制度的制定者试图禁
34、止和控制不希望发生的企业行为。大量的法律和指导方针都涉及到产品的安全、商品的保证书、包装、标识、广告、个人推销和价格，还有竞争和环境的问题。除了法律和规章制度的约束力量，一些团体也在给商家施压，敦促他们达到理想的商业规范，或是改变某些正在进行的商业行为。企业要想取得成功，就必须从社会责任的角度来判定消费者、员工、政府官员、竞争对手以及全社会的需求和期望。企业要考虑诸如消费者权益、就业和环境等社会责任问题。社会责任这个概念不是静止的，因为那些受企业行为影响的议题和期望在不断地变化着。社会责任的引申意义在于企业被看成是有着社会责任的。这个术语指一整套的价值观，它鼓励并指导个体承担责任。把企业自身的
35、利益和它的行为对社会、环境和其他利益相关各方的影响进行权衡比较是承担社会责任的内容之一。一个带有强烈社会责任感的企业将会获取利润，为员工提供高薪，能吸引高素质的员工，并为普通民众和政府所钦佩。现在，大部分的企业都把履行社会责任当成他们经营成本的一部分。把化工废料倒入河中可能会很轻易地节约成本，但是为这种行为付出的长久代价要远远超出它短期的节约。沃尔玛一直在为企业应该生产什么样的产品这个理念而奋斗着。它的高层管理人员希望企业进行经营的同时带着强烈的社会责任感，但也希望让尽可能多的顾客开心并且公司也能赚钱。一位沃尔玛的高级经理说道：“我们的口号是做正确的事 。这是我们宣扬和希望的” 。沃尔玛的两个
36、销售策略是（1）出售猎枪而不是手枪；（2）出售像大自然的探索者这类报纸而不是成人杂志。I. Comprehension练习答案81.a 2.a 3.c 4.cII. Vocabulary 1. aggressive 2. reliably 3. candidate 4. merchandise 5. ethical 6. prohibits 7. minimal 8. Corporate responsibilityText B1. Business EthicsMost people involved in businesswhether functioning as a small bus
37、iness owner, employee, or chief executive officer of a multinational companyeventually face ethical or moral dilemmas in the workplace. Such dilemmas are usually complex, for they force the person making the decision to weigh the benefits that various business decisions impart on individuals (includ
38、ing him or herself) and groups with the negative repercussions that those same decisions usually have on other individuals or groups. In recent years, the issue of business ethics has garnered increased attention. Corporate research and watchdog groups such as the Ethics Resource Center and the Coun
39、cil on Economic Priorities point out that the number of corporations that engage in ethics training and initiate socially responsive programs has increased dramatically over the course of the past two decades, and that courses on business ethics have proliferated in Americas business schools during
40、that time as well. But observers have also noted that over that same period of time, the business world saw numerous instances of stock price pumping through corporate downsizing, punitive actions against “whistleblowers,“ and other practices that point to a still-prevalent emphasis on the bottom li
41、ne over all other considerations in many industries.2. Business Ethics as a MovementBusiness ethics as a movement refers to the development of structures internal to the corporation that help it and its employees act ethically, as opposed to structures that provide incentives to act unethically. The
42、 structures may include clear lines of responsibility, a corporate ethics code, an ethics training program, an ombudsman or a corporate ethics officer, a hot or help line, a means of transmitting values within the firm and maintaining a certain corporate culture, and so on. Some companies have alway
43、s been ethical and have structured themselves and their culture to reinforce ethical behavior. But most companies in the 1960s, had paid little attention to developing such structures. That slowly began to change, and the change became a movement when more and more companies started responding to gr
44、owing public pressure, media scrutiny, their own corporate consciences, and, perhaps most importantly, to legislation. The business ethics movement, like business ethics itself, has become firmly entrenched. The concern for ethics in business continues. 1. Business and society are interdependent: so
45、ciety depends on business for wealth creation while business depends on society for an environment wherein it can meet its Related InformationLanguage Points9duty to create wealth. Society needs business to make money business needs society to be peaceful and calm so it can run business smoothly.whe
46、rein adv. in which; in what; in what respect 其中；在那里 ，在那方面 e.g. There is a dark forest wherein dangers lurk. 这是一个潜伏着危险的黑暗的森林。Parents always warn their children off the places wherein dangers may exist. 父母总是告诫孩子们不要去可能有危险的地方。2. Ethical decision-making requires more than a belief in the importance of et
47、hics. It also requires ethical sensitivity to implications of choices, the ability to evaluate complex, ambiguous and incomplete facts, and the skill to make ethical decisions effectively. Just saying you are ethical doesnt mean anything. You must be ethical in all of your decisions.Implication n. thing that is sugge
