1、移动通信原理,中国科学技术大学 个人通信与扩频实验室邱玲，赵明 助教：董逸天,Reference:Theodore S. Rappaport, Wireless Communications Principles and Practice, Second Edition http:/ Introduction2. Modern Wireless Systems3. Cellular Concept4. Mobile Radio Propagation: Large-Scale Path Loss5. Mobile Radio Propagation: Small-Scale fading an
2、d multipath 6. Mobile Modulation Techniques7. Equalization, Diversity, and channel coding8. Speech coding9. Multiple Access Techniques10. Wireless Networking11. Wireless Systems and Standards,Chapter 1 Introduction,Contents,1.1 Evolution of Wireless Communication1.2 Wireless Communication Systems 1.
3、2.1 Cellular Systems 1.2.2 Cordless Telephone 1.2.3 Wireless Access (WLL & W-LAN) 1.2.4 Satellite Systems1.3 Concept of Mobile System 1.3.1 Basic Concept 1.3.2 Call Process,1.1 Evolution of Wireless Communication,Evolution of Mobile Radio Communications1897年马可尼发明无线电上世纪二十年代至四十年代初期：移动通信的早期发展阶段1921年美国底
4、特律警察移动通信系统，1926年西德列车移动电话系统上世纪四十年代中期至六十年代初期：公用移动通信业务开始问世 1946年美国贝尔“城市系统”，1950（西德）、1956（法国）、1959（英国），50年代中期，美国贝尔系统完成了人工交换系统上世纪六十年代中期至七十年代中期：移动电话系统的改进和完善阶段美国的IMTS和西德的B网路：直接拨号、自动选择无线频道并自动接入公用电话网上世纪七十年代中期以后：无线通信开始进入新时代 用于无线通信的高可靠、小型化的晶体射频硬件的出现，无线设备朝小型化和功能多样化方面发展；另一方面，开始了公用移动通信系统新体制的论证与实验,A little bit of
5、wireless history,Maxwells Equation published in 1865,A solution to the Maxwells Equation,It predicted the existence of electromagnetic wave!,All in the family!,Experiments of Hertz,Hertzs experiment to generate microwave in 1888,Validated Maxwells prediction,Experiments of Hertz,Experiments of Hertz
6、 (cont.),A simple schematic,Feasibility of microwave communication demonstrated,Transmitted telegraph signals in 1890 at his home Wireless telegraph between ships and shore in 1897Trans-Atlantic communication in Dec 14, 1901 from Poldhu, Cornwall (UK) to St Johns, Newfoundland, (Is the earth round?)
7、,The Big Step Forward from Marconi,From Big Step Forward from Marconi (cont.),The letter “S” (Morse code ) was transmitted from a 25,000 W stationJan 18, 1903, wireless telegram and a reply,LONDON ENGLAND IN TAKING ADVANTAGE OF THE WONDERFUL TRIUMPH OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND INGENUITY WHICH HAS BE
8、EN ACHIEVED IN PERFECTING A SYSTEM OF WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY I EXTEND ON BEHALF OF THE AMERICAN MOST CORDIAL GREETINGS AND GOOD WISHES TO YOU AND TO ALL THE PEOPLE OF THE BRITISH EMPIRE THEODORE ROOSEVELT WELLFLEET MASS JAN 18 1903,1.2 Wireless Communication Systems,Cellular SystemsCordless TelephoneWi
9、reless Access SystemsPaging SystemSatellite Systems,1.2.1 Cellular Systems,First generation mobile communication - 1G Analog System basic technical feature: analog technology analog circuit units Cellular structure, roaming, handoverSecond generation mobile communication - 2G Digital system basic te
10、chnical feature: digital technology digital process units SIM card, light handset, high capacityThird generation mobile communication - 3G Smart system basic technical feature: intelligent process technology smart process units Multimedia, higher capacity, intelligent network,4G LTE-Release8/9: OFDM
11、, MIMO, with a total of 32 million users(August 2012) and expectations of close to two billion users in 2018.LTE-A-Release10, finalized in 2010, the possibility for transmissionbandwidth beyond 20 MHz carrier aggregation, enhanced multi-antenna transmission, and the introduction of relaying function
12、ality.R11 Dec. 2012, In addition to further refining some of the features introduced as part of Rel-10, CoMP, enhanced support for heterogeneous deployments, advanced terminal receivers and for multistandard base stations supporting.R12 June-Sept. 2014, not only increased capacity and enhanced end-u
13、ser experience, Enhanced local area access, Multi-antenna enhancements, Improved support for machine-type communication(MTC), Direct device-to-device communication5G:系统数据业务支撑能力达10Gbps，频谱及功率效率较4G提升10倍，网络覆盖的单位面积吞吐率较4G提升25倍。,1.2.2 Cordless Telephone,1.2.3 Wireless Access Systems - Wireless Local Loop,S
14、-CDMA PHS IEEE 802.XX,1.2.4 Paging Systems,To provide ultra-reliable coveragePaging transmitters are located on tall buildingsSmall RF bandwidths (to which the noise level is proportional) are used to maximize SNR of each paging receiverLow data rates are used(6400bps),1.2.5 Satellite Systems,Proper
15、tiesSeamless coverageLarge coverage areaLong distanceReliable communication linkLarge bandwidthLarge capacityDisadventagesLarge delay (270ms，100ms),System composingSpace partGround partterminalTypesSynchronousAsynchronous: middle orbit, ellipse orbit, low orbitApplicationsNavigation (Position, trans
16、portation)Digital filmSatellite radio, Satellite remote sensing,1.3 Concept of Mobile Systems,1.3.1 Basic Concept1.3.2 Call Processing,1.3.1 Basic Concept,Cellular Structure,SimplexMultiple accessMS BS BSC MSC LinkRoaming, Handover,Some Definitions,How a Cellular Telephone Call is Made,1.3.2 Call Process,作业：1. 列举常见的无线通信系统。2. 为什么寻呼系统需要提供较低的数据传输速率？较低的数据速率如何实现更好的覆盖？3. 列举主要的第二代至第四代蜂窝网络标准。4. 假设蜂窝电话使用容量为1安培小时的电池。假设蜂窝电话在空闲时耗电35mA，通话时耗电250mA。如果用户一直开机，并且每天通话3分钟，那么这个电池能用多久？每天通话6小时呢？该电池最多能通话多久。,
