1、08年房山区高考英语试题评价,北京教育考试院科研处,08年北京高考英语试题特点北京市,郊区,房山区三类 学校成绩统计试题知识块, 能力块成绩分析教学建议,北京市08年高考英语试题特点,1、试卷各部分选材贴近实际生活，符合考生的认知水平2008年北京卷从听力、单项填空、完形填空、阅读理解到写作，各部分的选材都与学生的日常生活息息相关，信息量大、时代感很强。听力内容的选材，涉及到购物、旅游、交通天气、办货款买房、关心女儿工作情况、采访专家、邀请参加晚会、询问写作生涯、请求搭车等。,完形和阅读内容的选材继续保持北京特色，即篇章内容的选材体现了生活化、知识化、信息化和人文化的特色。试卷很好地引导考生要
2、关爱生活、关心社会、关注热点。并且阅读试题的题材体裁多样，多方位地考查了考生的知识面和语言运用能力。例如A篇为叙述文，讲述一位出租车司机免费拉着一位去临终医院的老人转城看市容，让人感动，体现社会关爱老年人的事例；B篇为说明文，讲述人与动物之间的关系，以马为例叙述人类从最初的以猎食为目的，到后来的驯马为交通工具，说明动物为人类社会发展做出的贡献，体现了人要关爱动物的话题。,C篇为阅读一封书信，作者抱怨了对组织同事们给不相关的人送礼的不满。反映了社会上一些值得思考的问题。D篇为夹叙夹议文体，谈论朋友的选择。文章阐述了不同阶段有不同的朋友是符合成长规律的，告诫读者要有正确对待朋友的态度。E篇为议论文
3、，标题是：“减肥-危险地带”。该话题既是一个熟悉的话题，也是一个热点话题。但是，该文的精彩之处是从一个全新的视角谈减肥，即减肥不仅给人带来身体的变化，还会带来心理的变化，这些变化并不都是良性的。,由于选材内容的丰富，北京考生在完成试卷的同时，还提升了情感、扩展了视野、增长了知识，考试不仅有其测试性功能，还发挥了学习性的功能。根据高考英语选材的特点来看，如果考生知识面较广，对试题内容背景知识有一定程度的了解，会在答卷中获得一些益处，这样的选材对学生的全面发展会起到良好的反拨作用。,写作试题内容的选材为学生熟悉的校园生活话题。写作1的题目设计起点低、情景真实、贴近生活、突出语言交际运用能力的考查；
4、写作2的设计赋有特色和创意，开放和灵活的程度对考生具有很大的挑战性，选拔功能突出。该试题与往年不同的是，试题大胆尝试了渗透交际策略的考查（超出语言知识以外的能力，应变能力、心理素质等），例如对生词的处理，考查了考生是否能利用迂回策略 “避轻就重”，克服生词障碍，把精力和时间放在理解图示、整体思考、表达图中传递的意义上，而不能由于一个生词的障碍，妨碍了文意的表达，误失大分。,写作2的命题立意，对英语教学也提出了新的挑战，引发教师们要思考：课堂上要为学生提供更多的想象、发散、联想、创新等空间和机会，提高他们思维灵活性、发散性和创新性的能力。然而写作2的这一命题立意，当下的考生心理准备不够，尤其是写
5、作内容的核心词汇超纲，非常影响考生的发挥（写作2平均分仅为3.92，通过率仅为26%，严重影响全卷成绩），如果在个别细节方面的词汇超纲，可能影响面会减少。,2、强调对语言运用能力的考查 从试卷的考查内容上看，“语言运用”明显是2008年北京高考英语试卷所考查的重点，如听力部分中的各段对话和独白从不同角度考查了考生的口头语言接受能力；单项填空试题考查考生在理解题干内容的基础上对词汇或语法知识的掌握情况；完形填空试题强调考查考生在阅读理解的基础上对词汇知识的掌握情况；而阅读理解部分则从不同角度考查考生对书面语言的接受能力；书面表达则直接考查了考生根据写作任务要求语言输出的能力。对考生语言运用能力的
6、考查基本上都是在语篇层次完成的。,3、试卷难度加大 08年北京卷与前两年相比全卷各部分的难度普遍加大，致使平均分下降将近10个百分点，超出教师和考生的预测。与07年试卷相比，试题的难度适当加大考生是有所预料的，但是各个部分都有调整是预料之外的。 难度的加大主要体现在完形，阅读，写作2试题上。,英语试卷总分分布曲线图,英语成绩录取贡献,2008年北京英语成绩统计,08年城、郊区、房山区听力总分分析表,08年城、郊区、房山区知识运用总分分析表,08年城、郊区、房山区阅读理解总分分析表,08年城、郊区、房山区写作总分分析表,结构性分析评价: 知识结构,学习语言的目的是能够在具体的情景中进行交际与运用
7、，即听、说、读、写，但这四种语言技能的任何一种都离不开语言知识的支撑，由此可以看出，虽然语言知识的掌握不是语言学习的最终目的，但是语言知识的掌握程度在语言学习中仍然起着非常重要的作用。2008年北京卷语言知识运用部分的测试内容与2007年相比难度有所加大，主要是完形填空试题难度加大，单项填空试题基本传承了北京卷的特色。,单项填空试题试题重点突出，语境清晰，难易适度，区分度理想。与07年相比难度基本保持了稳定，08年的难度为0.61（07年为0.63）。08年的试题与07年相比有两点不同之处：一是15道小题动词考查点占试题的50%、复合句占30%，试题不追究一些琐碎的语言点，突出主干知识的考查，
8、动词是英语的眼睛，时态语态、非谓语和复合句的关联词是中国学生学习英语中的“三座大山”，把这些英语学习的重点难点语言知识作为考查的侧重点，将会对中学英语教学有较好的反拨作用；二是通过成绩反馈，北京考生在掌握英语主干知识方面有两级分化的现状，即试题难度加大，满分人数增加。,2008年所考查的知识点和语用相对集中在动词8分（时态和语态3小题、情态1小题、非谓语动词4小题）和从句4分（状语2小题、定语1小题、主语1小题）的考查。以上成绩统计显示动词类中的非谓语动词和从句的考查点虽然属于中等语法项目，但是通过率比较好，（非谓语动词4个小题的通过率到达了61%；从句运用的4小题通过率到达了66%）。但是动
9、词时态和语态的3个小题的的通过率为55%。,单项填空成绩统计表,动词时态总分分析表（22 27 29小题 3分）,动词时态的学习贯穿英语学习的全过程，是英语教学的重点和难点，尤其是完成时的理解和运用是学生的难点，答题情况也反映出这方面的问题，第22小题涉及对现在完成时态的理解；第29小题时态语态同时考查难度加大，一般中等和中等偏下的考生难以答对。因为中考英语时态语态就是考查的重点，高考也是常考内容，适当加大一些难度能较好地反映英语学习的可持续发展，对高中英语教学有较好地引领作用。,1. The price has gone down, but I doubt whether it will r
10、emain so. (NMET99)2. -You have left the light on. -Oh, so I have. I will go and turn it off. (NMET2000)3. The coffee is wonderful! It doesnt taste like anything I have had before. (NMET2005)4.-Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time? -Yes, since she joined the Chinese Society. (NMET2008),动词时态321,
11、3个一般时（语态） 一般现在、一般过去、一般将来2个进行时 现在进行、过去进行1个完成时 现在完成,1. My mind wasnt on what he was saying so Im afraid I _half of it. (NMET2004) A. was missingB. had missed C. will missD. missed2. Scientists think that the continents _ always where they _today. A. arent; are B. arent; were C. werent; are D. werent;
12、were,时态321高考常见考查点,3 -Your phone number again? I _quite catch it. -Its 9568442. (NMET95) A. didnt B. couldnt C. dontD. cant4 -Nancy is not coming tonight. -But she_! (NMET98) A. promise B. promised C. will promiseD. had promised,5. The price has gone down, but I doubt whether it will remain so. (NMET
13、99)6. Shirley was writing a book about China last year but I dont know whether she has finished it. NMET98）7. -You have left the light on. -Oh, so I have. I will go and turn it off. (NMET2000)8. The coffee is wonderful! It doesnt taste like anything I have had before. (NMET2005),思路：读句-感悟时间、体验动作，选择答案
14、。081.-Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time? -Yes, since she _the Chinese Society. A. has joined B. joins C. had joined D. joined2. If the weather had been better, we could have had a picnic, but it _all day. A. rained B. rains C. has rained D. is raining3. If their market plans succeed, they _
15、their sales by 20 percent. A. will increase B. have been increasing C. have increased D. would be increasing,074. I know a little bit about Italy as my wife and I _there several years ago. A. are going B. had seen C. went D. have been5. The flowers were so lovely that they _in no time. A. sold B. ha
16、d been sold C. were sold D. would sell,(08 I卷) Dear Sir/Madam, Im Li Hua, a student in Sichuan. Ive been a panda lover since I was a child. About three years ago I was delighted to learn that Baiyun gave birth to her daughter Sulin and Ive been watching her grow on your website. Now shes going to be
17、 there. Id like to wish her a happy birthday and to express my thanks to you for your hard work, because of which Sulin and her parents are living a happy and healthy life in the US. By the way, could I have a photo of Sulin taken on her third birthday? Thank you very much in advance.,Last Thursday,
18、 we had a class meeting to discuss where to go for our spring outing. We came up with several choices such as going boating, climbing a mountain, and going to an amusement park. Finally, we decided to go mountain climbing.The next day, we set off early in the morning. While climbing the mountain, we
19、 enjoyed the warm sunshine and a beautiful view. However, when reached the top, we were shocked to see litter here and there, such as bottles and banana peels. Then we started to pick up the litter. Afterwards, we put the rubbish into the nearby recycling bin and non-recycling bin respectively.We we
20、re tired but happy. (08Bj),非谓动词总分分析表（24 31 32 35小题 4分）,非谓语动词和从句考查点答题情况比较好，一方面说明了高中英语教学比较重视这两项语法的学习和强化，所以考生比较重视也是他们复习的重点；另一方面反映了命题的成果，即命题的设计把考查的重点放在了对这些语法项目的基本用法上，没有设陷阱为难考生，试题题干的设计比较通俗易懂。,非谓语动词,非谓语动词是汉语中没有的语言现象。但是它在英语中的作用仅次于动词时态。难点是它的动词特点；即可以有自己的宾语、状语以及时态和语态的形式变化。因此，非谓语动词是高中语法学习的难点和重点，是高分考生必须具备的语法知识基
21、础。非谓语动词掌握的如何在高考中是可以拉开档次的，是高考中的热点和失分点。例如以下高考试题通过率非常低，但是对一本考生有很好的筛选作用.,分词的作用:使语言更简洁使语言更形象使语言更富有内涵分词的功用:定语:状语:补语 分词难点:动词特点时态和语态,口诀,谓与非谓经常混谓语句中就一个其余动词非谓语常见形式有三种v-ing, v-ed 和to do现在分词表主动过去分词表被动目的要用不定式,1. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _the next year. A. carry outB. carrying o
22、utC. carried out D. to carry out2. _such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. A. Having suffered B. SufferingC. To suffer D. Suffered,非谓语动词高考常见考查点,3. The research is so designed that once_ nothing can be done to change it. A. beginsB. having begunC. beginningD. begu
23、n4. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains_ whether they will enjoy it. A. to seeB. to be seenC. seeingD. seen,Dear Editor, （05NMET） Recently, our class have had a heated discussion about whether the Beijing Zoo should be moved out of the city. Some of my classmate
24、s are in favor of the move. They say large crowds of tourists to the zoo will result in traffic jams. They always say that once moved, animals will have more space and better living conditions in the suburbs. However, other students are against the idea, saying that the Beijing Zoo, built in 1906, h
25、as a history of 100 years, and is well-known at home and abroad. So it should remain where it is. Whats more, moving may cause the death of some animals. To move or not, this is a big decision which has to be made by people in Beijing.,从句总分分析表（23 28 30 34小题 4分）,复合句的学习是贯穿在初高中全学段的，重点和难点内容是关联词的灵活运用。关联词
26、使用得恰当，语言表达才不会产生歧异，语言交流才能流畅丰富。该项语法是基础英语学习的过关内容，尤其是宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句的掌握，在日常语言运用交流中是必不可少的，而且在高考英语中对这三大从句的掌握，非常有助于提高阅读和书面表达的成绩。尤其要关注宾语从句的关联词副词：why, where, if, when, how等的用法；状语从句关联词：although, unless, before, while等；定语从句关联词：介词+ which, where, when等。,English becomes more important. All of us know the fact. Our
27、 society is more open to the world. But it is difficult to learn. I have learned English for seven years. But I still can not master it well. And we havent an environment.（简单句堆积，语义缺乏连贯，句型没有变化）,It is well known that English has become increasingly important, especially to a society more open to the o
28、utside world. It is difficult, however, to have a better command of it-although I have learned English for 7 years-because of the lack of an English-speaking environment. （句型复杂有变化，语义连贯有层次，表达生动有力。）,. I always take something to read when I go to the doctors _ I have to wait. A. in caseB. so that C. in
29、 order D. as if. Id like to arrive 20 minutes early _ I can have time for a cup of tea. A. as soon as B. as a result C. in case D. so that,三大从句高考常见考查点,3. It is known to all that _ you exercise regularly, you wont keep good health. A. unless B. whenever C. although D. if4. Have you got any ideas for
30、the summer vacation? -I dont mind where we go _theres sun, sea and beach. A. as long as B. in order that C. as if D. now that,5.He tried his best to solve the problem, _ difficult it was. A. however B. no matter C. whatever D. although6. It was some time _ we realized the truth. A. when B. until C.
31、since D. before,7. Why didnt you tell him about the meeting? -He rushed out of the room _ I could say a word. A. before B. until C. when D. after 8. The poor young man is ready to accept _ help he can get. A. whicheverB. however C. whateverD. whenever,9.I was surprised by her words, which made me re
32、cognize _ silly mistakes I had made. A. what B. that C. how D. which 10. What did your parents think about your decision? - They always let do _ I think I should. A. whenB. that C. how D. what,11. Women _ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than tho
33、se _ dont. A. who; /B. /; who C. who; whoD. / ; /12. Look out! Dont get too close to the house _ roof is under repair. A. whoseB. which C. of whichD. that,13. I saw a woman running towards me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction _ she had come. A. of w
34、hich B. by which C. in which D. from which14. Jim passed the driving test, _ surprised everybody in the office. A. which B. that C. this D. it15. The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs _ they are being trained. A. in that B. for that C. in which D. for whic
35、h,完形填空试题2008年完形填空题的难度明显大于2007年，满分人数减少10倍之多；较难试题增加，较易试题减少，导致通过率不到50%，比07年低10个百分点，滑坡比较大。完形填空的选材还是传承了北京的特色，难度大主要体现在有些小题干扰项的设计上。例如08年全卷通过率低于30%的试题有9小题，其中完形填空试题占6小题，在一个题型上所占比例的确比较大，可以说是08年造成全卷难度过高的原因之一。,完形填空成绩统计表,完形填空动词总分分析表（11小题） 36 37 38 41 42 45 47 50 52 53 54,完形填空名词总分分析表（6小题） 43 44 46 48 49 51,新课程标准提
36、倡的高中语法教学和词汇教学是：“要从用的角度出发学习语法和词汇。另外，非常重要的一点是，要发展学生比较强的语法运用的意识。也就是说，语法教学不能局限在语法的范畴内，必须与逻辑联系起来，与人说话的意思联系起来，与篇章语境联系起来，与题材、体裁联系起来，与词汇的用法联系起来，与文化联系起来。”2008年北京卷语言知识运用部分的测试的目标要求基本体现了课程标准的精神，有利于促进北京高中英语新课程的改革。,听力试题听力是与外国人直接交往中必不可少的一种语言能力。该部分要求考生能听懂有关日常生活中所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。08年听力试题特点是质量高、交际性强、考查点全面、难度适度。试题内容的话题为考生
37、所熟悉的，选材不存在地区差异，语料素材触及到真实的生活。与前两年听力试题相比较难度进行较好地调整，体现了北京卷特色，提高了试题的效度。,能力结构,听力试题成绩统计表,阅读理解试题阅读文章是我国考生接触外语的最主要途径，因此，阅读理解在试卷占权重较大。该部分要求考生读懂熟悉的有关日常生活话题的简短文字材料。要求考生能理解文章的主旨；理解文中的具体细节；根据上下文推断生词的词义；做出简单判断和推理；理解文章的基本结构以及理解作者的意图和态度。,2008年阅读理解试题的选材传承了北京卷的风格，题材体裁多样，话题新颖，内容真实，贴近学生生活，具有时代感。文章选材符合考试大纲和考试说明要求，考生阅读文章
38、后，不仅能引发一定的思考，也能有所感悟和教育。试题信息量大，考查点分布全面，我们可以看到考查考生在阅读中获取信息、分析信息和处理信息的能力是高考阅读理解试题的考查重点。,北京阅读理解试题突出亮点是选材的原汁原味，重视文化和教育的含量。体现了发挥英语学习的扩展、教育的功能，在阅读理解测试中，考生不仅检测自己英语学习情况，同时也能扩展视野，提高文化素养。北京高考英语阅读试题在引领高中英语阅读教学重视学生文化知识的扩展、人文素养的提高方面是非常明确的。与往年不同点有：中档试题增加，难度加大。,阅读试题成绩统计表,阅读C试题成绩统计表（63- 65 3小题）,阅读D试题成绩统计表（66 - 70 5小
39、题）,阅读E试题成绩统计表 （71-75 5小题）,写作试题成绩统计表,写作1试题成绩统计表,写作1试题传承了北京卷特点，即试题题目的设计情景真实、贴近学生生活，突出语言交际表达能力的考查。考生通过仔细观察图画，说明每一幅图所表示的内容，由于图示信息清晰，各层次的考生都可以有话可说，写作1试题难度并不大，但是通过率不高，在某种程度上反映了阅卷评分过严.按08年写作1的试题设计要求，北京考生的通过率应该能达到45%，而不是40%以下；写作1在适当添加细节方面又有一定的开放性，为高分段考生提供了发挥的机会。,写作2试题成绩统计表,写作2试题的设计非常大胆、赋有特色，试题的开放程度对教师的英语教学也
40、提出了很大的挑战。开放性作文是北京卷的特色，虽然阅卷评分有一定难度，但是有利于培养学生的想象力和创造性使用语言的能力，符合新课程改革精神。(成绩不理想不仅仅是考生的问题，是否应该思考测试题型的改造、评分标准的可操作性、阅卷人员的资质等问题。),难度偏高、区分度偏低试题,2008年难度系数在0.3以下，区分度在0.19以下的试题为9小题(不含写作2)，；难度在0.4-0.31之间的试题有7小题；写作1难度系数为0.37，写作2为0.26。难题、中档偏上试题略多.北京学生由于初中毕业后基本上选择上高中，形成了北京考生“头小、肚大、尾长”的这一特点，即尖子生少，中档学生多，差生不少。,难度大的试题:
41、听力 第2小题；完形 第40、41、42、47、50、51、55小题；阅读 第63、64、69、70、73小题；写作2 （22分+15分）,第40小题: 市通过率14%，房山13%（三类14%）。,第42小题：通过率22%，区分度0.03。低分考生有猜答概率，对中档程度考生没有筛选作用，因此没有效度。,第50小题：通过率19%，区分度0.00。对120分以上考生略有筛选作用，但是由于低分考生也有得分率，试题信度效度受影响。,第55小题：通过率16%，区分度0.00。,36. A. take B. discuss C. cover D. get37. A. sought B. presented
42、 C. exchanged D. obtained38. A. shocked B. worried C. scared D. anxious39. A. but B. so C. for D. or40. A. unchanged B. unpleasant C. unfriendly D. unmoved41. A. reflected B. meant C. improved D. affected42. A. quarreled B. reasoned C. bargained D. chatted,43. A. attitude B. mind C. plan D. view44.
43、A. choice B. step C. chance D. measure45. A. memorized B. considered C. accepted D. learned46. A. ambition B. confidence C. effort D. method47. A. stayed B. went C. worked D. changed48. A. grade B. answer C. lesson D. comment,49. A. scholarship B. course C. degree D. subject50. A. helped B. favored
44、C. treated D. relaxed51. A. fun B. luck C. problems D. tricks.52. A. happened B. proved C. pretended D. seemed53. A. valued B. imagined C. expected D. welcomed54. A. remembering B. guessing C. supposing D. realizing55. A. out B. over C. on D. off,备考策略： 科学规划 合理安排,教学规划: 内容 进度考试规划: 诊断 验收 模拟课堂规划: 学生主体 教
45、师主导 开展复习课, 讲评课研究 “抓目标,抓课堂,抓落实!”向课堂要效率!,教学规划,教学内容教学进度教学要求,教学内容,教材任务 完成教材Unit 1-10 复习任务 基础知识全面梳理 1)核心词汇1000左右 2)重点语法5项: 动词 名词 形容词 副词 句子,教学进度,第1-8周(9-10月) 1)完成Unit 1-5 2)复习词汇 3)复习主语 谓语 宾语 宾补 名词 动词 形容词第9-10周(11月4-6日) 1) 期中复习 2) 期中测评,教学进度,第11-18周 1)完成Unit 6-10 2)复习 动词时态 从句第19-20周(1月9-12日) 1) 期末复习 2) 期末区级测评,
