1、废纸的分类，对废纸的收集、处理有直接的影响。废纸的来源不同，其纤维种类、成分及性能等差异很大。对废纸进行分类，可以达到分级使用、物尽其用的目的。 废纸的分类一般按废纸的来源和废纸纤维的种类来划分，但世界各国废纸分类的方法和标准有较大的差异。目前我国造纸工业所用的废纸分为两大类。一类是国内废纸。主要有旧瓦楞纸箱、书刊杂志纸、旧报纸、纸箱厂的边角料、印刷厂的白纸切边、水泥袋、混合废纸及杂废纸等。国内废纸还没有全国统一的质量标准，目前正在制订之中。另一类是进口废纸。主要有美国废纸、欧洲废纸及日本废纸，华南沿海部分纸厂使用一些香港废纸。(一)国外废纸的分类联合国粮农组织按废纸用途将废纸分为四大类：新闻
2、纸和书籍废纸、纸板箱废纸、高质量废纸及其它废纸。日本将废纸分为 9 类：上等白纸卡纸、特白中白马尼拉纸、有色道林纸、证券纸、牛皮纸、报纸、杂志纸、瓦楞箱板和硬纸板。英国将废纸分为 11 类；不含机械浆的白色未印刷废纸、不含机械浆的白色已印刷废纸、含机械浆的白色和轻度印刷废纸、不含机械浆的有色废纸、含机械浆的重度印刷废纸、有色牛皮纸和马尼拉纸、新的牛皮挂面纸板、容器废纸、混合废纸、有色卡纸和含杂质废纸。德国将废纸分为低级、中级高级和保强废纸四大类。后者包括用过的防水或不防水的牛皮纸袋，用过或未用过的纯硫酸盐浆纸、旧瓦楞箱纸等。美国将废纸分为三大类：纸浆代用品、可净化的废纸和普通废纸。纸浆代用品指
3、白纸与白纸的切边，这类废纸经打散成纤维后不作进一步处理即可作为成浆使用。可净化的废纸经脱除印刷油墨后即可成浆使用。普通废纸包括旧报纸、旧瓦楞纸箱和混合废纸等。另一更细的分类法是将废纸分为 47 种，另列特殊等级 7 种，并颁布了废纸原料标准，使每个类别的废纸均有明确的质量标准。我国进口美国废纸较多的品种有旧瓦楞箱纸板(AOCC)、旧报纸（ONP)、旧杂志纸(OMP)，另有少量纸的切边(DLK) 、混合边废纸(MOW)、分选白账簿纸(SWL)、分选色账簿纸(SCL)、计算机打印文件纸(CPO)及双面牛皮箱纸板边角料(NDLK)等。美国废纸标准和欧洲废纸标准对废纸的分类标号有所不同。这里以美国废纸
4、标准分类号为基准介绍几种常见进口废纸。(1)3 废纸(Super Mixed Paper) 又称高级废杂纸。经过挑选的不同质量的废杂纸混合组成，打包供货。此类废纸的杂物含量不超过 o 5，不合格废纸总量不超过 3。(2)6 废纸(News) 又称旧报纸。废旧报纸打包供货。其它纸张含量不超过 5%，杂物含量不超过 0.5%，不合格废纸总量不超过 2。(3)8 废纸(Special News De-ink Quality)脱墨用旧报纸。经挑选不受潮的废报纸打包供货。此类旧报纸没有受太阳光的曝晒，不含杂志、空白纸张、印刷厂过期报刊和其它废杂纸，其凹印和彩色部分不超过正常数量，不能用其它纸张包装，不允
5、许混有杂物，不合格废纸总量不超过 O 25。(4)9 废纸(Over-Issue News) 发行过剩报纸。报纸发行过剩部分打包或捆状供货。凹印和彩印部分不超过正常数量，不允许杂物和不合格废纸混人。(5)10 废纸(Magazines) 旧杂志纸。旧杂志、目录或同类印刷品打包供货。杂物不得超过 1，不合格废纸总量不得超过3。(6)11 废纸(Corrugated Containers) 又称旧瓦楞纸箱。其面层为仿箱板纸浆、麻浆或牛皮木装，打包供货。杂物不超过1，不合格废纸总量不超过 5。(7)13 废纸(News Double-Lined Kraft Corrugated Cuttings)双
6、挂面牛皮瓦楞纸新边角料。瓦楞纸边角料，其挂面层为麻浆或牛皮浆或仿箱板纸浆，其芯层或面层均应未经表面处理，打包供货。不允许有杂物混人，不合格废纸总量不得超过 l%。来源于美国、西欧的废物回收公司从民间收集的旧瓦楞纸箱及纸箱厂产生的纸箱边角料，经分类、整理、打包出口。美废标准PS-1 Mixed PaperConsists of a mixture of various qualities of paper not limited as to type of packing or fiber content. Prohibitive materials may not exceed 2% ，Tot
7、al Outthrows may not exceed 10%1 废杂纸由不同质量的废纸混合组成，不受包装方式或纤维组成的限制，杂物不得超过 2% ，不合格废纸总量不得超过 10%。PS-2 Grade Not Currently In Use2 此类废纸目前不见使用PS-3 Super Mixed PaperConsists of a baled clean,sorted mixture of various qualities of papers containing less than 10% of groundwood stock, coated or uncoated. Prohib
8、itive materials may not exceed 1/2 of 1% ，Total Outthrows may not exceed 3%3 高级废杂纸由经过拣选的不同质量的废纸混合组成，打包供货。此类废纸（涂布或未经涂布）的磨木浆含量不得超过10%。杂物不得超过 0.5%,不合格废纸总量不得超过 3% 。PS-4 BOX BOARD CUTTINGSConsists of baled new cuttings of paperboard used in the manufacture of folding paper cartons, set-up boxes and simil
9、ar boxboard products. Prohibitive materials may not exceed 1%，Total Outthrows may not exceed: 2%4 制盒纸板边角料在制造折叠纸盒，装配纸箱和其它同一类型的纸板制品过程中的新边角料，打包供货。杂物不得超过0.5% 。不合格废纸总量不得超过 2%。PS-5 MILL WRAPPERSConsists of baled paper used as outside wrap for rolls, bundles or skids of finished paper. Prohibitive material
10、s may not exceed 1%,Total Outthrows may not exceed: 3%5 工厂包装纸用于卷筒纸、纸捆、平板纸的外包装的废纸，打包供货。杂物不得超过 0.5% 。不合格废纸总量不得超过3% 。PS-6 NEWSConsists of baled newspapers as typically generated from newsdrives and curbside collections. Prohibitive materials may not exceed 1%， Total Outthrows may not exceed:5%6 旧报纸从报纸收
11、集站收集的废旧报纸，打包供货， 杂物不得超过 1%。 不合格废纸总量不得超过 5%。PS-7 SPECIAL NEWSConsists of baled sorted, fresh newspapers, not sunburned, free from paper other than news, containing not more than the normal percentage of rotogravure and coloured sections. Prohibitive materials may not exceed: None permitted，Total Outth
12、rows may not exceed: 0.25%7 旧报纸（供脱墨用）经过拣选且不受潮的废旧报纸，打包供货。此类旧报纸既没有受太阳光的曝晒，其凹印和彩印部分不超过正常的数量。可以包括杂志。 不允许混有杂物。 不合格废纸总量不得超过 0.25%。PS-8 SPECIAL NEWS DE-INK QUALITYConsists of baled sorted, fresh newspapers, not sunburned, free from magazines, white blank, pressroomover-issues, and paper other than news, co
13、ntaining not more than the normal percentage of rotogravure and coloured sections. This grade must be tare-free. Prohibitive materials may not exceed: None permitted， Total Outthrows may not exceed: 0.25%8 特级旧报纸（供脱墨用）经过拣选、不受潮的废旧报纸，打包供货。没有受太阳光的曝晒，不含杂志、空白纸张、印刷厂过期报刊和其它杂废纸，其凹印和彩色部分不应超过正常数量。不得用其它纸张包装。 不允
14、许混有杂物。 不合格废纸总量不得超过 0.25% 。PS-9 OVER-ISSUE NEWSConsists of unused, overrun newspapers printed on newsprint, baled or securely tied in bundles, containing not more than the normal percentage of rotogravure and coloured sections. Prohibitive materials may not exceed: None permitted， Total Outthrows may
15、 not exceed: None permitted9 发行量过剩的报纸报纸发行量过剩部分，打包供应或扎成捆状供应。凹印和彩印部分不超过正常数量。 不允许有杂物和不合格废纸混入。PS-10 MAGAZINESConsists of baled coated magazines, catalogues and other similar printed materials. May contain a small percentage of uncoated news type paper. Prohibitive materials may not exceed: 1%，Total Outt
16、hrows may not exceed: 3%10 杂志包括涂布的杂志、目录及同类的印刷品。打包供货。允许含有少量未经涂布的报纸。 杂物不得超过 1% 。不合格废纸总量不得超过 3%。PS-11 CORRUGATED CONTAINERSConsists of baled corrugated containers having liners of either test liner, jute or kraft. Prohibitive materials may not exceed: 1%，Total Outthrows may not exceed: 5%11 旧瓦楞纸箱旧瓦楞纸箱，
17、其面层为仿箱板纸浆；麻浆或牛皮木浆、打包供货。 杂物不得超过 1% 。 不合格废纸总量不得超过 5% 。PS-12 DOUBLE SORTED CORRUGATEDConsists of baled, double sorted corrugated containers, generated from supermarkets and/or industrial and commercial facilities, having liners or test liner, jute or kraft. Material has been specially sorted to be free
18、 of boxboard, off-shore (Asian/European)corrugated plastic and wax. Prohibitive materials may not exceed: 1%，Total Outthrows may not exceed: 5%12 双重拣选的旧瓦楞纸箱包括从超级市场、工商业地区收集的双重拣选的旧瓦楞纸箱，有仿箱板纸浆、麻浆或牛皮木浆；物料不包括纸板、瓦楞、塑料和蜡，打包供货。 杂物不得超过 0.5% 。 不合格废纸总量不得超过 2% 。PS-13 NEW DOUBLE-LINED KRAFT CORRUGATED CUTTINGSCo
19、nsists of baled new corrugated cuttings having liners of either test liner, jute or kraft. Insoluble adhesives, butt rolls, slabbed or hogged medium, and treated medium or liners are not acceptable in this grade.Prohibitive materials may not exceed:None permitted，Total Outthrows may not exceed: 2%13
20、 双挂面牛皮瓦楞纸新边角料瓦楞纸边角料，其挂面层为麻浆或牛皮浆，或仿箱板纸浆，打包供货。不允许有不溶性胶粘剂，变形卷筒纸、凹入或凸出的芯层等混入。其芯层或面层均应未经表面处理。 不允许有杂物混入。 不合格废纸总量不得超过 2% 。PS-14 GRADE NOT CURRENTLY IN USE14 此类废纸目前不见使用PS-15 USED BROWN KRAFTConsists of baled brown kraft bags free of objectionable liners and original contents.Prohibitive materials: None perm
21、itted， Total Outthrows may not exceed of 1%15 旧褐色牛皮纸旧褐色牛皮纸袋，打包供货。没有不适当的衬里，袋里不得装有物品。 不允许混有杂物。 不合格废纸总量不得超过 0.5%。PS-16 MIXED KRAFT CUTTINGSConsists of baled new brown kraft cuttings, sheets and bag scrap free of stitched paper. Prohibitive materials: None permitted， Total Outthrows may not exceed: 1%16
22、 牛皮纸混合边角料由褐色牛皮纸新边角料、牛皮纸、纸袋等混合组成，打包供货。纸袋不得带有缝线。 不允许混有杂物。不合格废纸总量不得超过 1%。PS-17 CARRIER STOCKConsists of baled printed or unprinted, unbleached new beverage carrier sheets and cuttings. May contain wet strength additives. Prohibitive materials: None permitted，Total Outthrows may not exceed: 1%17 手提纸袋废料包
23、括带有印刷油墨，或无印刷油墨的本色饮料纸和其新边角料组成，允许含有湿强添加剂，打包供货。不允许有杂物混入。 不合格废纸总量不得超过 1% 。PS-18 NEW COLOURED KRAFTConsists of baled new coloured kraft cuttings, sheets and bag scrap, free of stitched papers. Prohibitive materials: None permitted. Total Outthrows may not exceed: 1%18 新彩色牛皮纸由彩色牛皮纸及其新边角料和纸袋组成，打包供货。纸张不得带有缝
24、线。 不允许混有杂物。 不合格废纸总量不得超过 1% 。PS-19 GROCERY BAG SCRAPConsists of baled, new brown kraft bag cuttings, sheets and misprint bags. Prohibitive materials: None permitted ，Total Outthrows may not exceed: 1%19 杂货包装袋废料由褐色牛皮纸袋新边角料、牛皮袋纸、印刷出差错的纸袋组成，打包供货。 不允许混有杂物。 不合格废纸总量不得超过 1% 。PS-20 KRAFT MULTI-WALL BAG SCRAP
25、Consists of new brown kraft multi-wall bag cuttings, sheets and misprint bags, free of stitched papers. Prohibitive materials: None permitted，Total Outthrows may not exceed: 1%20 多层牛皮纸袋废料由新的多层褐色牛皮纸袋新边角料和袋纸组成，包括印刷出差错的纸袋。纸张不得带有缝线。 不允许混有杂物。 不合格废纸总量不得超过 1% 。PS-21 NEW BROWN KRAFT ENVELOPE CUTTINGSConsist
26、s of baled new unprinted brown kraft envelopes, cuttings or sheets. Prohibitive materials: None permitted，Total Outthrows may not exceed: 1%21 褐色牛皮信封新边角料由褐色牛皮信封、信封新边角料和信封纸组成，不带印刷油墨。打包供货。 不允许混有杂物。 不合格废纸总量不得超过 1% 。PS-22 MIXED GROUNDWOOD SHAVINGSConsists of baled trim of magazines, catalogues and simil
27、ar printed matter, not limited with respect to groundwood or coated stock and may contain the bleed of cover and insert stock as well as beater-dyed paper and solid colour printing. Prohibitive materials: None permitted，Total Outthrows may not exceed: 2%22 含磨木浆的混合废纸边杂志、目录本和同类印刷品的切边，打包供货。可以含有磨木浆，也可以是
28、涂布加工的。允许掺有带印刷油墨的封面和插页，也可以掺有色纸以及经过深色印刷的纸张。 不允许混有杂物。 不合格废纸总量不得超过 2% 。PS-23 TELEPHONE DIRECTORIESConsists of clean telephone directories printed for or by telephone directory publishers. Prohibitive materials: None permitted，Total Outthrows may not exceed: 0.5%23 废电话簿由电话簿印刷商所提供的干净的电话簿。 不允许混有杂物。 不合格废纸总量
29、不得超过 0.5% 。PS-24 WHITE BLANK NEWSConsists of baled unprinted cuttings and sheets of white newsprint paper or other uncoated white groundwood paper of similar quality. Prohibitive materials: None permitted。Total Outthrows may not exceed: 1%24 空白报纸不带印刷油墨的白报纸和含有白色磨木浆的其它纸张及其边角料，打包供货。不得掺有涂布纸。 不允许混有杂物。 不合
30、格废纸总量不得超过 1% 。PS-25 GROUNDWOOD COMPUTER PRINTOUTConsists of groundwood papers which are used in forms manufactured for use in data processing machines. This grade may contain coloured stripes and impact or non impact computer printing. Prohibitive materials: None permitted。Total Outthrows may not ex
31、ceed: 2%25 含磨木浆的计算机用纸用于数据处理机含有磨木浆的表格纸，允许含有彩色条纹，通过接触打印或非接触打印（如激光打印）的计算机用纸。不允许混有杂物。不合格废纸总良不得超过 2%PS-26 PUBLICATION BLANKSConsists of baled unprinted cuttings or sheets of white coated or filled white groundwood content paper. Prohibitive materials: None permitted。Total Outthrows may not exceed: 1%26 空
32、白刊物用纸含有白色磨木浆、加填或涂布的纸张或其边角料。不带印刷油墨。打包供货。不允许混有杂物。不合格废纸总良不得超过 1%PS-27 FLYLEAF SHAVINGSConsists of baled trim of magazines, catalogues and similar printed matter. It may contain the bleed of cover and insert stock to a maximum of 10% of dark colours. Beater-dyed paper may not exceed 2%. Shavings of nove
33、l news or newsprint grades may not be included in this grade. Prohibitive materials: None permitted 。Total Outthrows may not exceed: 1%27 单页书刊纸纸边杂志、目录本及其它同类印刷品的切边，打包供货。带有彩色印刷的封面及插页，深色部分总量不得超过10% 。色纸不得超过 2% 。不得带有特种或一般报纸。 不允许混有杂物。 不合格废纸总量不得超过1% 。PS-28 COATED SOFT WHITE SHAVINGSConsists of baled unprin
34、ted coated and uncoated shavings and sheets of all white groundwood free printing paper. May contain a small percentage of groundwood.Prohibitive materials: None permitted。Total Outthrows may not exceed: 1%28 软质涂布白纸边包括涂布和未经涂布白色印刷纸和纸边，不带印刷油墨，可以含有少量磨木浆，打包供货。 不允许混有杂物。不合格废纸总量不得超过 1%PS-29 GRADE NOT CURRE
35、NTLY IN USE29 此类废纸目前未见使用PS-30 HARD WHITE SHAVINGSConsists of baled unprinted, coated and uncoated shavings or sheets of white groundwood free printing paper.Prohibitive materials: None permitted。Total Outthrows may not exceed: 0.5%.30 硬质白纸边未经表面处理的白纸和其纸边，打包供货。不得含有磨木浆，也不得带有印刷油墨。不允许混有杂物。不合格废纸总量不得超过 0.5%。
