1、追本溯源 科学备考,- 2016高考英语学科备考策略 河北衡水中学王焕 2015年9月,一、研究课标与真题：追本溯源二、轮次复习的实施：科学备考 目标明确理念科学 师强内功卓越备考 精品资料有效训练 群策群力卓越课堂,交流提纲,追本溯源课标回顾, 课程性质 课程目标 备考启示,语言是人类最重要的思维和交流工具，对促进人的全面发展有重要意义。发展语言是人的发展的一部分，而学习外语能促进人的全面发展。当今社会生活和经济活动日益全球化，外国语已经成为世界各国公民必备的基本素养之一。语言课程，特别是外语课程，对发展学生正确、积极、健全的情感态度价值观等综合人文素养起到重要作用。, 课程性质, 课程性质
2、,工具性,人文性,教育对象：人,课程性质, 课程目标,高中英语课程的总目标是使学生进一步明确学习英语的目的， 培养学生建立在语言知识、语言技能、学习策略、情感态度和文化意识等素养整合发展的基础之上的综合语言运用能力。包括自主学习和合作学习的能力；有效的英语学习策略等。着重提高学生用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析问题和解决问题的能力，特别注重学生用英语进行思维和表达的能力；形成跨文化交际的意识和基本的跨文化交际能力；进一步拓宽国际视野，增强爱国主义精神和民族使命感，形成健全的情感、态度、价值观，为未来发展和终身学习奠定良好的基础。, 课程目标,以听、读技能八级目标为例 听：1能识别不同语气所表达的
3、不同情感； 2能听懂有关熟悉话题的讨论和谈话并记住要点； 3能抓住一般语段中的观点； 4能基本听懂广播或电视英语新闻的主题和大意； 5能听懂委婉的建议或劝告等。 读：1能识别不同文体的特征； 2能通过分析句子结构理解难句和长句； 3能理解阅读材料中不同的观点和态度； 4能根据学习任务的需要从多种媒体中获取信息并进行加工处理； 5能在教师的帮助下欣赏浅显的英语文学作品； 6除教材外，课外阅读量应累计达到30万词以上。,要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。考生应能：（1）理解主旨和要义；（2）获取具体的、事实性信息；（3）对所听内容作出推断；（4）理解说话者的意图、观点和态度。,恢复听力考试
4、符合外语学习的基本规律，有利于提高学生的外语应用和交流能力。,高考听力命题研究,题型的改变：听力、七选五、语法填空,追本溯源考题追踪,_，the more expensive the camera，the better its quality. (2005年全国II)AGeneral speaking BSpeaking general CGenerally speaking DSpeaking generally,- Artistic people can be very difficult sometimes.- Well, you married one _. (11年课标卷)A. Yo
5、u name it B. Ive got it C. I cant agree more D. You should know,“Life is like walking in the snow,” Granny used to say, “because every step _.” (12年课标卷）has shown B. is showingC. shows D. showed,2013年课标一卷完形填空,话题与生活实际紧密相连 与课标教材有着千丝万缕的联系。 Module 7 Unit 1 Living well,Just sitting in the wheelchair was a
6、 39 experience, I had never considered before how awkward it would be to use one . It took me quite a while to get the metal footrest into 44 . I tried to find a comfortable position and thought it might be restful, even kind of nice to be 49 around for a while. Looking around, I realized I would ha
7、ve to handle the thing myself! My hands started to ache as I 51 the heavy wheels. 39. A. learning B. working C. satisfying D. relaxing44. A. place B. action C. play D. effect49. A. shown B. pushed C. driven D. guided51. A. lifted B. turned C. pressed D. seized,37.07% 52.22% 39.49% 46.20%,（2011新课标卷书面
8、表达） 假定你是李华，正在一所英国学校学习暑期课程，遇到一些困难，希望得到学校辅导中心（Learning Center）的帮助。根据学校规定，你须书面预约，请按下列要点写一封信： 1.本人简介； 2.求助内容； 3.约定时间； 4.你的联系方式（Email:;Phone:12345678）,约稿信。主要信息包括四项：1、介绍英文报开设的 “外国文化”栏目。2、写信意图：向 Peter 约稿。3、稿件长度400词。4、交稿日期为6月28日前。,2015新课标一卷书面表达,高考体现的三大特点1.满足高校选拔人才的需要-选拔性2.满足考试自身的需要-公平性、权威性、检测性3.回归教育的本源-人文性,
9、本？ 源？,语言是文化的载体，是人类最重要的思维和交流工具。高考考查的就是在语言学习的过程中所形成的准确使用英语去学习文化、理解文化、实现有效的跨文化交际的能力和素养。,学科素养指与本学科相关的基础知识、基本技能、基本经验的综合。听说读写、语言学习策略、文化意识、跨文化交际能力、审美、创新性及批判性思维能力、合作能力、良好的学习品质和意志品质等。,What is culture?,that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, customs and any other capabilities an
10、d habits acquired by man as member of a society.” -Taylor,文化,文化=物质财富+精神财富，涵盖社会生活的方方面面,民族现象,历史进程,生活方式,社会现象,切实以新课程理念指导教学实践，做“英语教育者”，而不是“英语教学者”。抓好一年高考，三年备考。课程标准的目标（技能、知识、情感态度、学习策略和文化意识）在相应级次的课型教学中得到逐级实现。高考备考需要理念的支撑，理性的落实。 1、认真研读各部分的八级目标 2、参考课程标准实施建议，树立“大教材”观。 3、重视 “功能意念项目表”和“话题项目表” 。,追本溯源之启示,必修五课例,选修八课
11、例,追本溯源2015年真题分析2015年新课标全国一卷整体评价,高中英语课程标准的教学要求，稳中求新，对考生在听力、词汇、语法、英语知识综合运用、阅读理解、书面表达等知识和能力进行了全面、深入的考查。与2014年全国新课标卷I相比，主观卷难度有所降低，但同时，听力、完形填空、阅读理解在对考生词汇的要求上有提高，设计的题目看似简单，但文章的信息量和思维量很大，对于高中阶段的教与学起到了良好的反拨（backwash）作用。,追本溯源2015年真题分析2015年新课标全国一卷整体评价,试卷主要突出了以下特点：一是强调语言的工具性，体现“突出语篇，强调语用，重在交流”的命题导向；二是突显了语言的人文性
12、，贴近生活，体裁多样，题材丰富，文化气息浓厚；三是语言地道纯正，原汁原味，具有鲜明的英语语言文化特点和时代特色。,1. 语言组织灵活，情景化，口语化，语境更真实。 2. 语速较往年稍快，平均语速185wpm，难度较往年略有增大。命题方式灵活，选项干扰性强。设题既注重学生辨别基本的事实细节的能力，又考查学生的理解推理能力和语篇概括能力。 3. 听力材料话题较为常规，包括天气，租房，点餐，选课，上车等，均为考生所熟悉的日常生活范围。问题设置也为常规题型，包括时刻推算，观点，意图，建议。,2015新课标一卷试题分析听力,4. 考查一些常见单词和短语的理解。比如, due, worth, mean i
13、t for, do with, lay out, fair price,考生要对这些词汇特别熟悉，才能在听力状态下做出正确反应。5. 整体难度不大，考查信息处理的灵活性及对说话者语气的把握。特别是前五题要求考生尽快进入听力状态，快速有效地把所听到的信息和选项信息进行联系和转化。如第4题、第14题。,2015新课标一卷试题分析听力,M：Now， lets stop talking and get going. I need to be in my office in 15 minutes, or Ill be late for a meeting.,14. What kind of apartm
14、ents do the speakers prefer?Let me see what the cheapest two-bedroom is,（1）语料涉及话题广泛,文化信息丰富。 从2015年阅读材料来看，A篇是介绍London Canal Museum每月讲座的应用文；B篇为记叙文，作者讲述了Florida的新鲜的水果蔬菜；C篇是关于巴黎蓬皮杜艺术中心举办的著名画Salvador Dali画展的介绍，是一篇说明文；D篇也是说明文，介绍了具有法国特色的Psychology cafes的社会意义和功能特色。四篇文章中包含了西方国家丰富的社会、人文信息，需要学生具有开阔的视野和较强的文化意识。
15、,2015新课标一卷试题分析阅读理解,（2）语言原汁原味，长难句思维量大。,2015新课标一卷试题分析阅读理解,Swimming pools, wine tasting, and pink sunsets (at normal evening hours, not 4 in the afternoon) filled the weekend, but the best part- particularly to my taste, dulled by months of cold-weather root vegetables - was a 7 a.m. adventure to the S
16、arasota farmers market that proved to be more than worth the early wake-up call.,Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened when I learned that Browns Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty, a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton, where -luckily for
17、 me- I was planning to have dinner that very night.,（3）词汇灵活使用，熟词新义和派生词屡见不鲜。,2015新课标一卷试题分析阅读理解,语言活用The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration (合作)with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Muse
18、um in St. Petersburg, Florida. a piece of writing, a song, a speech etc that forms part of a larger work such as a newspaper, book, broadcast, recording etcA 篇 Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early “civil engineers”.something
19、that you give or do in order to help something be successfulYou can make annual contributions of up to $1000 in education savings accounts.an amount of money that you give in order to help pay for something,派生词： Admission is at normal charges and you dont need to book. The Stroudwater Canal is movin
20、g towards reopening. When we touched down to blue skies and warm air, I sent up a small prayer of gratefulness. No matter how attractive they look in the store, once I get them home theyre unfailingly dry, hard, and tasteless. Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened when I
21、t couldnt seem more un-French.,2015新课标一卷试题分析阅读理解,（3）词汇灵活使用，熟词新义和派生词屡见不鲜。,（4）设题紧扣语境，难度适中。 从设题特点来看，题目的设置更多地依赖语境，反映出命题者对理解主题和篇章结构的重视。虽然题目仍旧以细节题目为主，但纯粹信息搜索的题目仅出现在A篇文章的考查中，其余的细节题仍需要考生在理解文章主旨的前提下进行一定的推理判断，同时还需要考生具备在文章中迅速准确定位答题所需信息区域、将文本信息与选项信息进行准确切换等答题技巧。,2015新课标一卷试题分析阅读理解,文章结构： A cafe society where no in
22、tellectualizing is allowed? It couldnt seem more un-French. (transition) But Lehannes psychology cafe is about more than knowing oneself: Its trying to help the citys troubled neighborhood cafes.,2015新课标一卷阅读理解D 篇,文章介绍了帮助我们重建信任关系的三种策略，结构清楚。考查 3个细节理解题，两个主旨大意题。,1.标题、副标题预测文章大意；2. 通读全文，查看主题句，分析结构； 3. 选项，
23、找出和文章相对应的关键词；4.空前空后内容，分析之间的逻辑性；5.灵活掌握答题顺序(先易后难)。,2015新课标一卷试题解析阅读理解 第二节,Building Trust in a Relationship Againcurrent situationTrust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences. 36 It is putting confidence in someone. Trust is a risk. But you cant be successful when theres a lack of trus
24、t in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake. Unfortunately, weve all been victims of betrayal. Whether weve been stolen from, lied to, misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply cant tr
25、ust anymore. 37 Theyve been too badly hurt and they cant bear to let it happen again. Its understandable, but if youre willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there. 38 Learn to really trust yourself. Having confidence in yourself will help you make
26、 better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.39Stop regarding yourself as the victim. If youve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But theres a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. At some point in all o
27、f our lives, well have our trust tested or violated.You didnt lose “everything”. Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. 40. Seeing the positive side of things
28、doesnt mean youre ignoring what happened. Instead, its a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.,But you cant be successful when theres a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to f
29、ix the mistake. 但是缺乏信任的关系会导致失误方不去承担弥补错误的责任，这种情况下你不可能成功，,启示： 阅读教学要从培养学生较高层次处理信息以及语篇分析能力出发；语料选择要注重文化内涵。,2015新课标一卷试题分析阅读理解,（1）话题传统经典，整体理解难度不大。 2015的完形填空沿用了经典的富有教育意义的夹叙夹议的文章类型，话题为“助人为乐”，也是一个成功的家庭教育的典型事件。文章讲述了作者在带着孩子们去超市购物时，一家人主动帮助一个行乞的失业者的经历。考查着眼于词义、语境、语篇的深层次理解，考查学生把握语篇主线和主题的能力、语义辨析的能力、逻辑思维的能力、情感体验的能力、情
30、境想象的能力及情感态度的考查。语篇不长，共有266词，没有生词障碍，题目设空间距保持了近几年来得平均值，约为14词左右。,2015新课标一卷试题分析完形填空,（2）设题着眼语篇理解，注重能力考查。 2015的完形填空整体上继承了近些年的优良传统，注重能力考查，着眼于语义、语境、语篇的深层次理解，要求考生理解文章的整体含义，弄清楚段落之间、句子之间、上下文逻辑关系才能得出正确答案。,2015新课标一卷试题分析完形填空,（3）词汇考查以实词为主，考查灵活。 从词性的考查来看，名词、动词、形容词和副词仍占据主要位置，考查了6个动词，7个名词，3个形容词，3个副词，1个连词，着重考查考生根据上下文选择
31、恰当词汇的能力。,2015新课标一卷试题分析完形填空,I thought about it. We were 48. low on cash ourselves, but well, sometimes 49.giving from our need instead of our abundance is 50. just what we need to do! All the kids 51. declared something they could do away with for the week. be/run low (on sth) (of supplies) ：have alm
32、ost exhausted the supplies (of sth) （指供应品）几乎耗尽:* Were low on petrol. 我们的汽油不多了.,When we handed him the bag of 52. food, he lit up and thanked us with 53. watery eyes. When I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for 54. whatever his family might need, he burst into tears.,关于高考备考的理解,高考备考需建立
33、完善知识结构,高考备考需提升学科综合能力,高考备考需挖掘学生发展潜力,词汇、语音、语法、话题、功能、文化等,听、说、读、写、理解、交际等,语言学习力文化理解力文化交际力,三三三备考策略,1、新授课阶段：2015.9.1前 模块10、11 通过学习原汁原味的文章，提升学生的文化素养，扩大学生的视野。2、一轮复习：2015.9-2016.2任务：复习模块1-8，共40个单元，以及所有语法项目的复习。指导思想：夯实基础，梳理知识，系统归纳与提高。具体实施：以教材话题为载体，注重拓展话题阅读和写作；同时注重语言知识的夯实和运用；以阅读为主脉，全面提高学生的语言运用能力。, 备考计划,一、明晰思路，确定
34、轮次复习安排,1、新授课阶段：2015.9.1前 模块10、11 2、一轮复习：2015.9-2016.23、二轮复习：2016.2.172016.4.27 4、三轮复习：2016.4.282016.6.5,一、明晰思路，确定轮次复习安排,基本习惯基本知识基本技能基本方法基本能力基本素养, 备考计划,二、理清脉络，抓好一轮复习的夯基目标。,1、模块复习目标： 能够将课标词汇音、形（含各种变形）、意烂熟于心，掌握其重要词义及用法，并能在语境中灵活运用； 能够掌握教材中的重点句型，并能正确、灵活运用； 能够辨析易混词、短语、句型并且正确使用。 充分利用每个单元的功能意向和话题，提高听说能力和写作。
35、2、语法复习目标： 理解各项语法的基本概念及用法； 能够在不同语境中灵活运用各项语法功能（语法填空、阅读理解）； 将语法复习与得体写作相结合。3、能力素养目标： 文化意识、交际意识增强，听力、阅读、写作能力逐渐提高，学科素养增强。,教学进度,早读 （二，四，六）正课（每周6节）自习（每周3节 单元测试）阅读（1节 Reading weekly）听力（每周1节）进度 (1周2个单元+1个语法项目),如何达成一轮复习的目标？,教师练内功，学生强本领,中英语言差异意义,汉语（表意文字）：由图画演变的象形文字（视觉型）意合语言：语序灵活、词语义合、偏重心理、略于形式受汉文化在哲学上重“悟”，在艺术上重
36、“神似”，不重形式/似的影响,英语（表音文字）：符号化、流线型拼音文字（听觉型）形义融合、意在则形达、 句子结构严谨西方的哲学、艺术和语言注重自然时空观，尤其偏重空间的真实性,汉语没有冠词、没有词缀、时态、语态及数的变化，相对灵活。不注意区分主体和客体 （如：下雨了。）英语较严密的语法体系，定位机械，严谨。严格区分主客体。,中英语言差异形式,思想表达上汉民族：曲线思维（onion) ，乐于铺垫，同时注重综合性、概括性表达。英民族：直线思维( bridge)，直截了当、重点突出。语篇上汉语重意合（辩证思维）英语重形合（形式逻辑）,中英语言差异思维,中英语言差异-语义,语言作为音义的结合体，记载文
37、化穿小鞋、对台戏、狗皮膏药等A lucky dog , to be top dog字义上 （两语言：重合、空缺、半空缺、冲突词汇）中文：一音多义字多，容易宽泛、笼统，易造成表义模糊现象。英语：表义准确度高。,中英语言差异-交际风格,中国人重礼仪、言语含蓄委婉，方式谦虚和蔼，常用谦词 （e.g.,开场白）高语境交际:（high-context) 相当一部分信息隐含在情境中 多自我交流，重心领神会(intra-),西方人等级和身份观念淡薄，习惯以十分肯定的方式，直截了当地表达自己的意见低语境交际（low-context): 信息通过文字表达出来少自我交流，重言谈沟通(inter-),一轮复习主线,
38、1、学案导学、拓展、检测： 学生重读教材，教师提供拓展阅读材料。 充分利用语境语篇理解词汇并使用。 * 语篇、语境理解。 * 基础知识：学生以自学为主；老师以检测、点拨为主。 进行同题拓展写作。2、语法的复习。3、考纲词汇的第一次通关。,拼写，发音，释义； 衍生词； 词块；句型和常用语境； 同义近义反义词； 特殊含义(熟词新意)； 依托语篇。,词汇专项,The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep backing away- which the Latino will in return regard as c
39、oldness.（2012课标一卷完形填空）,词块（Lexical chunks） ，也称为“语言块”，或者“语块”，一般指同现频率较高、形式和意义比较固定的大于单词的结构，其机构比较固定，可以做公式化的反复操练。（李红叶，2004）,1、词汇复习与语音教学相结合,-根据音标记单词,convenientappreciate,词汇专项,2、融构词法于词汇复习之中,1.enlarge,enrich；strengthen; widen; broaden;,If you adopt this way in study, you can enlarge your vocabulary, enrich y
40、our knowledge and even broaden/widen your horizons.,2. map, cool, better, further3. passer-by, air-conditioner,词汇专项,3. 在语境（词块）中进行词汇复习,词汇专项,1. In a way, Im glad you made that mistake, for itll serve as a warning to you.2. Nothing is to stand in my way.3. As he walked on, Pierre moved out of the way f
41、or him to pass.4.In no way can we allow this to continue. 5. He was always honest with us and never gave way to disappointment, even the ship sank.6.Children often learn reading by way of pictures.7.Which is the way inout?8.The crowd stepped aside to make way for the army.9.I like the way( that in w
42、hich) you have done your hair.(注意在定语从句中的使用),词汇过关,课文缩写填空- 话题练习、对接高考题型,词汇专项,Over time the computer _1_ (change) quite a lot by its designers. From a calculating machine which could _2_ (simple) difficult sums to _3_ “universal machine”, it was a slow and difficult process which lasted about 300 years.
43、_4_ time going by, the computer has been made smaller and smaller. This would be _5_ (possible) if chips werent invented. At the same time, the computer has developed so good a memory like an elephant _6_ it never forget _7_ it has been told. The computer had been working alone until in the early 19
44、60s people had its family _8_(connect) by a network. Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for the computer. It has become very important in communication, finance and trade. People even put it into space rockets _9_（explore） the Moon. Anyhow, the computer can provide humans with a l
45、ife of high quality. Its a _10_ (true) devoted friend and helper of the human race!,1. All the dishes in this menu, _ otherwise stated, will serve two to three people. （2009全国卷II ） A. as B. if C. though D. unless,otherwise -differently,2. As Nancy points out, the level of success is not measured by
46、how many people read a book, but by how many people are enriched by the process or have enjoyed speaking to someone with whom they would not otherwise have shared a word. （2011 天津 ）,otherwise - if conditions were different; if not,otherwise -except for what has been mentioned,3. The soup was cold. But otherwise the meal was excellent.,4. 多用英文释义,词汇专项,语法复习,调整语法的复习顺序，真正让语法为服务于阅读、写作。具体做法：语法先复习句法，帮学生会分析阅读中的长难句，促进阅读能力的提升；再复习动词，时态等，使学生能写出正确的句子，提升写作水平；最后复习名词、冠词、交际英语等，完善学生英语能力的全面提升。,
