1、第 1 页 共 20 页译林牛津 8 A Unit 2 School life教材全解及单元测试卷1. Comic strip(1) They have to work harder. (P. 18) have to 表示 “必须、不得不 ”，强调客观上的必须，must 侧重于个人意志和主观上的必须。例如：We have to walk home because the car has broken down.We must study hard. hard 作副词表示 “努力地、猛烈地 ”，作形容词，表示“困难的” 。例如：We should study hard.It is raining
2、 hard.It is hard to answer the question.(2) Its like watching TV, but there are fewer advertisements. (P. 18) like 此处用作介词，表示“像” ，后接名词、代词或动词 ing 形式。例如：Whats your house like?Its like listening to music. few 意为“很少” ，表示否定意义，修饰可数名词复数，a few 表示“一些” ，表示肯定意义，修饰可数名词复数。例如：Few people understand this difference.
3、I have a few friends in America.2. Welcome to the unit(1) vacation (P. 19)vacation 表示 “假期”多用于美式英语中，而英式英语中用 holiday。be on vacation“在度假” ，go on vacation“去度假 ”，take a vacation“度假” ，the winter/summer vacation “寒/暑假” 。例如：第 2 页 共 20 页Mr Wang was on vacation last month.They are going to England to spend th
4、eir summer holidays.(2) Id like to buy some biscuits. (P. 19)would like 意为“想要” ，常用的结构有：would like sth.“想要某物” ；would like to do sth. “想要做某事” 。例如：I would like some apples.He would like to eat some bananas.【拓展】1. “Would you like sth.?”句型的肯定回答用“Yes, please.” ，否定回答用“No, thanks. ”。2. “Would you like to do
5、 sth.?”句型的肯定回答用 “Yes, Id like/love to.”，否定回答用“Id like/love to, but.”。(3) Shall we go together? (P. 19)“Shall we.?”意为“我们好吗？”用于征求他人意见、向他人提出建议或者请求他人的许可，肯定回答用“Good idea./Thats a good idea./Of course, Id like to.”，否定回答为“Im sorry, but I.”。例如：-Shall we go to the museum?-Thats a good idea.(4) Id like to, bu
6、t the school football team will practise this Saturday. (P. 19) practise 用作及物动词，意为“练习、操练”后接动名词作宾语。My younger brother practises playing the piano every day.3. Reading(1) It is a mixed school. (P. 20) mixed 这里作为形容词，意为“男女混合的” 。例如：All the schools here are mixed ones.I had mixed feelings about meeting hi
7、m again.第 3 页 共 20 页【拓展】mix 作动词，表示“混合、混在一起” ，mix up 意为“混合在一起” 。Lets mix the flour with water.He mixed up all the ingredients.(2) Among all my subjects, I like French best. (P. 20) like.best 意为 “最喜欢” ，可与含有 favorite 的句子互换。I like summer best.=Summer is my favorite season.(3) Learning foreign languages
8、is fun. (P. 20) 动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.Seeing is believing.(4) During the week, we can borrow more books from the school library. (P. 20)borrow 作及物动词，表示“借进来” ，常用的结构为 “borrow sth. from sb.”“从某人拿借某物” ，lend表示“借出去” ，用于“lend sb. sth.=lend sth. to sb.”结构中。例如：He borr
9、owed 1,000 dollars from his friend.I lent my bike to him yesterday.=I lent him my bike yesterday. (5) We can also bring in books and magazines from home. (P. 20)bring in 表示“带来” 。Liu Nan brought in some beautiful flowers from home yesterday.【拓展】bring 相关短语bring along 把 一起带来bring.out 出版、使呈现bring up 抚养长
10、大bring.to life 使苏醒(6) Near the end of the week, we discuss the books with our classmates in class. (P. 20) end 作名词，表示“末端、尽头” ，at the end of “在尽头” ，in the end “最后、终于” 。第 4 页 共 20 页例如：Well have a test at the end of this month.He worked out the problem in the end. discuss 作及物动词，表示“讨论” ，discuss sth. wit
11、h sb. “和某人讨论某事” ，名词为 discussion。例如：Why didnt you discuss it with your teacher?He joined us in the discussion yesterday.(7) Times seems to go faster when we are reading interesting books. (P. 20)seem 意为“仿佛、似乎” ，常用于以下结构中 seem+形容词（seem to be+形容词）意为“好像、似乎 ”。That seems very easy.The book seems (to be) qu
12、iet interesting. seem to do sth.意为“好像做某事、似乎做某事” 。The baby seems to be asleep.It seems to rain. It seems that.“好像、似乎” 。It seems that no one knows what happened.It seems that you are right.(8) He often listens carefully to my problems and offers me help. (P. 20)offer/用作及物动词，意为“主动提出、自愿给予” ，主要用法如下： offe
13、r sth. 意为“提供某物、提供某事” 。He offered a good plan for our holiday. offer to do sth. 意为“（主动）提出做某事” 。Tom offered to drive us to the bus station. offer sb. sth./offer sth. to sb. 意为“（主动）给某人提供某物” 。We should offer others our help.(9) On Friday afternoon, our school ends earlier than usual. (P. 20) 介词 on 用来表示具
14、体某一天或某一天的上午、下午、晚上。第 5 页 共 20 页on Monday eveningon the afternoon of May 1ston a cold morning end 用作动词，表示“结束” ，相当于 be over。What time does your school end? usual 意为 “平常的、通常的” ，as usual 表示“像往常一样” 。Its usual for him to go to school on foot.As usual, he got to school at 7 oclock.(10) Our team won two game
15、s last month. (P. 20)win 此处用作及物动词，意为“赢得” ，也可以作不及物动词，表示“获胜，赢” 。例如：Who won the mens 400-metre race?We must win today.【拓展】辨析 win 和 beat/defeatwin 所接的宾语一般表示比赛、战斗、辩论、奖金等名词；beat/defeat 所接的宾语是参加比赛的人或者团队，意为“战胜、打败（某人） ”。Li Lei beat Tom and won the first prize.(11) Both Nancy and John are Grade 8 students. (P
16、. 22)both.and.表示“和都、既又” ，在句中连接两个并列关系的词。例如：Tom can both sing and dance.Both Jim and his elder sister are good at English.(12) I read an article by a boy from the USA. (P. 22)by 此处作介词，表示“由、被” 。例如：This is a book by Yang Hongying.-Who was the music by?-It was by Mozart.4. Grammar第 6 页 共 20 页(1) further
17、(P. 24)further 是 far 的比较级，far 的比较级有两种形式，即 farther 和 further，farther 表示具体的距离上“更远、较远” ；further 除了表示距离上 “更远”以外，还可以表示抽象意义上“更进一步” 。例如：He walks a little further.Jim can jump farther than his brother.Many students send their children to foreign countries for further study.(2) She draws better than any othe
18、r student in my class. (P. 24)“比较级+than any other+单数名词”意为“比其它任何一个都” ，该结构形式上是比较级，实际表达最高级含义，该结构中的名词必须用单数形式。Tom swims faster than any other boy of the three.=Tom swims fastest of the three boys.5. Integrated skills(1) How much time do students spend on homework every day? (P. 25)spend 表示 “花费” ，常用的结构有：s
19、pend+ 时间/金钱+on sth.或者 spend+时间/ 金钱+(in) doing sth.。例如：Lily spent twenty dollars on the new dress.Lily spends two hours finishing her homework.【拓展】辨析 spend, pay, take 和 costspend 主语是人 spend.on sth./spend.(in) doing sth.pay 主语是人 pay for sth./pay sb. for sth.take 主语是 it It takes sb.+时间+to do sth.cost 主
20、语是物 sth. costs sb.+金钱(2) Do students wear uniforms? (P. 25)wear 作及物动词，表示 “穿着、戴着” 。He always wears a white shirt.【拓展】辨析 wear, put on 和 dresswear 穿着 侧重于穿戴的状态 The girl wears a red coat today.第 7 页 共 20 页put on 穿上 侧重于穿戴的动作 Put on your coat. It is cold outside.dress 给穿衣服 指给自己或者他人穿衣服 The boy is too young
21、to dress himself.(3) Chinese students have more weeks off for the summer holiday than British students. (P. 25)“have+一段时间+off”意为“休息多长时间、放假多长时间” 。They will have three weeks off for the winter holiday.6. Study skills(1) daily (P. 27)daily 作形容词，表示“每日的、日常的” ，相当于 everyday。There was little change in their
22、 daily life.(2) I looked through the question quickly. (P. 27)look through 意为“浏览、快速查看、透过看” 。例如：Before you answer these questions, youd better look through them first.Look through the window, and you can see the beautiful view.(3) I read very slowly at first, but I am doing better now. (P. 27)at firs
23、t 意为“ 首先、起初 ”，相当于 first of all，反义词为 at last 或者 in the end。At first we used hand tools. Later we had machines.(4) I also keep writing in English about my daily life. (P. 27)keep (on) doing sth.意为“继续做某事、重复做某事” 。They kept talking about it.7. Task(1) How long is lunchtime at your school? (P. 28)how long
24、 此处表示“多长时间” ，对时间段进行提问，另外，还可以表示“物体的长度” ，对长度进行提问。例如：-How long were you away from school last year?-About three years.-How long is the river?第 8 页 共 20 页-About 15 kilometers.【拓展】辨析 how long, how soon 和 how oftenhow long “多长时间” ，提问 for 和 since 引出的时间状语-How long did you stay there?-For about two weeks.how
25、 soon “多久”提问“in+一段时间”-How soon will they come back?-In two weeks.how often “多久一次” ，提问动作发生的频率-How often do you go home?-Once a week.(2) Do you think your school is a good one? (P. 28)one 用作不定代词，指代前面提到过的那类事物中的一个，复数为 ones。one 指同一类事物，it 指同一个事物。例如：I have a new hat and several old ones.The coat is hers. I
26、ts very beautiful.(3) I love computers, so I have computer lessons every day. (P. 29)so 作连词，意为“因此、所以” ，表示结果，不可以和 because 同时连用。Lily is very kind, so every likes her.(4) We always have fun. (P. 29)have fun 意为 “玩得开心 ”，相当于 have a good time，后接名词时加上介词 with，即 have fun with sth.；接动词时，用动词的 ing 形式，即 have fun
27、doing sth.。例如：Did you have fun last weekend?The children have a lot of fun with the building blocks.We had fun playing in the park.【重点短语和句型归纳】1、重点短语1. have to 必须，不得不2. learn about 了解3. buy sth. for sb.为某人买某物第 9 页 共 20 页4. during the week 在这周期间5. borrow from从借 6. discuss with与谈论7. in the club 在俱乐部里8.
28、 help sb. do sth.帮助某人做某事9. offer sb. sth.给予某人某物10. twice a week 一周两次11. do morning exercises 做早操12. play cheese 下象棋13. at most 至多，不超过14. look through 浏览15. at first 起初，至先16. keep (on) doing sth.继续，重复做某事17. go to school/see a film 去学校/看电影18. watch TV 看电视19. cant wait 迫不及待20. a mixed school 一所混合学校21.
29、have lessons together 一起上课22. bring in 带来23. seem to do 似乎将要做某事24. morethan比多25. in the race 在比赛中26. do some reading 做一些阅读27. go on a school trip 参加学校旅行2、重点句型1. What+be+主语+like? 怎么样？2. Shall we do sth.? 我们做某事好吗？第 10 页 共 20 页3. seem to do sth. 仿佛/似乎做某事4. 比较级+than+any other+单数名词 比其它任何一个都5. spend time
30、on/doing sth.花费时间做某事6. Why dont you do sth.? 你为什么不做某事？7. finish doing sth. 完成做某事8. practise doing sth. 练习做某事【语法讲解】1. 如何比较数量的多少两者之间数量上的比较（1）用”morethan”结构表示“比多”，more 后接可数名词复数或不可数名词。（2）用“fewer/lessthan”结构表示“比 少” ，fewer 后接可数名词复数，less 后接不可数名词。三者或三者以上的数量上的比较（1）用 the most 表示“ 最多” ，most 后接可数名词复数或不可数名词。（2）用
31、the fewest/least 表示 “最少”, fewest 后接可数名词复数，least 后接不可数名词。I have the fewest books in our class. 在我们班里我有最少的书。2. 副词的比较级和最高级副词比较级和最高级的构成（1）规则变化：单音节词副词，加-(e)ra、副词和形容词同形，单音节，在词尾加-er， fast-faster, hard-harder, loud-louderb、以字母 e 结尾的副词，加 -r，late-laterc、以辅音字母 +y 结尾的副词，先变 y 为 i，再加 -er，early-earlier部分双音节副词和多音节副词，前面加 more，carefully-more carefully, politely-more politely【注意】同理，最高级也一样，只是将-er 换成-est ，more 换成 most 而已。（2）不规则变化：well-better-bestbadly-worse-worst
