1、比较法通过对过去、现在两种不同的倾向、观点的比较，引出文章要讨论的观点。1 For years, .had been viewed as . But people are taking a fresh look now. With the growing ., people .2 People used to think that . (In the past, .) But people now share this new idea.故事法先讲一个较短的故事来引发读者的兴趣，引出文章的主题。(建议少用)1 Once in (a newspaper), I read of/learnt. T
2、he phenomenon of . has aroused public concern.2 I have a friend who . Should he .? Such a dilemma we are often confronted with in our daily life.3 Once upon a time, there lived a man who . This story may be (unbelievable), but it still has a realistic significance now.引用法先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法，来引出文章要展开论述的
3、观点。1 “Knowledge is power.“ This is the remark made by Bacon. This remark has been shared by more and more people.2 “Education is not complete with graduation.“ This is the opinion of a great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opinion.3 “.“ We often hear statements/words like th
4、ose/this.4 We often hear such traditional complains as this “.“.观点法开门见山，直接了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法。1 Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginning/coming to realize/accept/(be aware) that.2 Now there is a(n)growing awareness/recognition of the necessity to.3 Now people become increasingly aware/c
5、onscious of the importance of .4 Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that.现象法引出要剖析的现象或者问题，然后评论。1 Recently the rise in the problem/phenomenon of . has cause/aroused public/popular/wide/ worldwide concern.2 Recently the issue of the problem/phenomenon of .has been brought into
6、 focus/into public attention.3 Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality . is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.对立法先引出其他人的不同看法，然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法，适用于有争议性的主题。1 When asked about., the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that . But I think/view a bit diff
7、erently.2 When it comes to ., some people believe that. Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true. There is probably some truth in both arguments/statements, but I tend to the former/latter.3 Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that. They claim/ believe/argue t
8、hat . But I wonder/doubt whether. 1. 开头万能公式一、举实例思维短路，举实例!提出一个观点，举实例!提出一个方案，举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式，任何情况下，只要我们无法继续文章，不管三七二十一，尽管举例子!In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human perfor
9、mance. For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her.更多句型：To take as an example, One example is, Another example is, for example二、做比较方法：写完一个要点，比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点，再比较与之相反的 ;世界上没有同样的
10、指纹，没有相同的树叶，文章亦同，只有通过比较，你才会发现二者的相同点(through comparison)和不同点(through contrast)。下面是一些短语：相似的比较：in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner相反的比较：on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with , 三、换言之没话说了，可以换一句话再说，让你的文章在多一些字，或者文
11、邹邹地说，是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you!I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you.I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love with you.或者上面我们举过的例子：I cannot bear it.可以用短语表达：I cannot put up with it.因此可以这样说：I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up w
12、ith it or I am fed up with it.更多短语：in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more simply.1. 结尾万能公式一：如此结论说完了，毕竟要归纳一番，相信各位都有这样的经历，领导长篇大论，到最后终于冒出个“ 总而言之” 之类的话，我们马上停止开小差，等待领导说结束语。也就是说，开头很好，也必然要有一个精彩的结尾，让读者眼前一亮，这样，你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子：Obviously(此为过渡短语), we can draw the conclusion that good manners
13、 arise from politeness and respect for others.如果读者很难“ 显而见之”，但说无妨，就当读者的眼光太浅罢了 !更多过渡短语：to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus更多句型：Thus, it can be concluded that, Therefore, we can find that2. 结尾万能公式二：如此建议如果说“如此结论 ”是结尾最没用的废话，那么 “如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了，因为这里虽然也是废话，但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽!Obv
14、iously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.这里的虚拟语气用得很经典，因为考官本来经常考这个句型，而如果我们自己写出来，你说考官会怎么想呢?更多句型：Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.英语四级作文万能句（一）段首句 1. 关于人们有不同的观点。一些人认为 There are different
15、opinions among people as to _ .Some people suggest that _. 2. 俗话说（常言道），它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它在许多场合仍然适用。 There is an old saying_. It“s the experience of our forefathers，however ，it is correct in many cases even today. 3. 现在，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先， ；其次，。更为糟糕的是。 Today, _, which have brought a lot of harms
16、in our daily life. First, _ Second,_. What makes things worse is that_. 4. 现在，很普遍，许多人喜欢，因为，另外（而且） 。 Nowadays，it is common to _. Many people like _ because _. Besides，_. 5. 任何事物都是有两面性，也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。 Everything has two sides and _ is not an exception，it has both advantages and disadvantages. 6
17、. 关于人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为（说） ，在他们看来， Peoples opinions about _ vary from person to person. Some people say that _.To them,_. 7. 人类正面临着一个严重的问题，这个问题变得越来越严重。 Man is now facing a big problem _ which is becoming more and more serious. 8. 已成为人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈的辩论。 _ has become a hot topic among people，esp
18、ecially among the young and heated debates are right on their way. 9. 在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用，它给我们带来了许多好处，但同时也引发一些严重的问题。 _ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.it has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well. 10. 根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表
19、/ 条形图/成形图可以看出。很显然，但是为什么呢？ According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph，it can be seen that_ while. Obviously，_，but why? （二）中间段落句 1. 相反，有一些人赞成，他们相信，而且，他们认为 。 On the contrary，there are some people in favor of _.At the same time，they say_. 2. 但是，我认为这不是解决的好方法，
20、比如。最糟糕的是 。 But I don“t think it is a very good way to solve _.For example，_.Worst of all， _. 3. 对我们国家的发展和建设是必不可少的，（也是）非常重要的。首先，。而且，最重要的是 _is necessary and important to our country“s development and construction. First，_.What“s more, _.Most important of all,_. 4. 有几个可供我们采纳的方法。首先，我们可以。 There are sever
21、al measures for us to adopt. First, we can_ 5. 面临，我们应该采取一系列行之有效的方法来 。一方面，另一方面， Confronted with_，we should take a series of effective measures to_. For one thing，_For another，_ 6. 早就应该拿出行动了。比如说，另外。所有这些方法肯定会 。 It is high time that something was done about it. For example. _.In addition. _.All these me
22、asures will certainly_. 7. 为什么？第一个原因是；第二个原因是；第三个原因是 。总的来说，的主要原因是由于 Why_? The first reason is that _.The second reason is _.The third is _.For all this, the main cause of _due to _. 8. 然而，正如任何事物都有好坏两个方面一样，也有它的不利的一面，象 。 However, just like everything has both its good and bad sides, _also has its own d
23、isadvantages, such as _. 9. 尽管如此，我相信更有利。 Nonetheless, I believe that _is more advantageous. 10. 完全同意这种观点（陈述），主要理由如下： I fully agree with the statement that _ because_. （三）结尾句 1. 至于我，在某种程度上我同意后面的观点，我认为 As far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter opinion to some extent. I think that _. 2. 总而言之，整个
24、社会应该密切关注这个问题。只有这样，我们才能在将来 。 In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of _.Only in this way can _in the future. 3. 但是，和都有它们各自的优势（好处）。例如， ，而。然而，把这两者相比较，我更倾向于（喜欢） But _and _have their own advantages. For example, _, while_. Comparing this with that, however, I prefer to_.
25、4. 就我个人而言，我相信，因此，我坚信美好的未来正等着我们。因为 Personally, I believe that_. Consequently, Im confident that a bright future is awaiting us because_. 5. 随着社会的发展，。因此，迫切需要。如果每个人都愿为社会贡献自已的一份力量，这个社会将要变得越来越好。 With the development of society, _.So it“s urgent and necessary to _.If every member is willing to contribute
26、himself to the society, it will be better and better. 6. 至于我（对我来说，就我而言），我认为更合理。只有这样，我们才能 For my part, I think it reasonable to_. Only in this way can you _. 7. 对我来说，我认为有必要。原因如下：第一， ； 第二，；最后但同样重要的是 In my opinion, I think it necessary to_. The reasons are as follows. First _.Second _. Last but not lea
27、st,_. 8. 在总体上很难说是好还是坏，因为它在很大程度上取决于 的形势。然而，就我个人而言，我发现。 It is difficult to say whether _is good or not in general as it depends very much on the situation of_. However, from a personal point of view find_. 9. 综上所述，我们可以清楚地得出结论 From what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusi
28、on that_. 10. 如果我们不采取有效的方法，就可能控制不了这种趋势，就会出现一些意想不到的不良后果，所以，我们应该做的是 If we can not take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable result may come out unexpectedly, so what we should do is_.一 高级词汇 1 occur 替换 think of Suddenly I had an idea that someone had broken into my house. A
29、n idea occurred to me that someone had broken into my house. It occurred to me that someone had broken into my house. 2 devote 替换 spend He spends all his spare time in reading. He devotes all his spare time to reading. 3 seek 替换 want / look for They sought ( wanted ) to hide themselves behind the tr
30、ees. 4 average 替换 ordinary Im an average ( ordinary ) student. 5 but 替换 very The film we saw last night was very interesting. The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting. The film we saw last night was anything but boring. 6 seat 替换 sit On his way to school, he found an old lady seated (s
31、itting) by the road, looking worried. 7 suppose 替换 should He is supposed to ( should ) have driven more slowly. 8 appreciate 替换 thank Thank you very much for you help. We appreciate your help very much. / Your help is much appreciated. 9 the case 替换 true I dont think it is the case ( true ). 10 on 替
32、换 as soon as As soon as he arrived, he began his research. On his arrival, he began his research. 11 due to 替换 because of He arrived late due to ( because of ) the storm. 12 cover 替换 walk/read After covering (walking) 10 miles, we all felt tired. 13 contribute to 替换 be helpful/useful Plenty of memor
33、y work is undoubtedly helpful to English study. Plenty of memory work will undoubtedly contribute to English study. 14 round the corner 替换 coming soon/ nearby The summer vacation is round the corner ( coming). Do you have any plans? Li Ming studies in a school round the corner (nearby). 15 come to l
34、ight 替换 discover The family were so pleased when they discovered the lost jewels. The family were so pleased when the lost jewels came to light. 16 have a ball 替换 have a good time/ enjoy oneself After visiting the workshop, we went back to school. Every one of us had a ball ( had a good time ). 17 c
35、ome up with 替换 think of Jack is very clever. He often comes up with ( thinks of ) new ideas.18 set aside 替换 save Some students think that they should set aside some of their pocket money for books. (2004 天津卷 ) 19 be of + n. 替换 adj. The products are of high quality (very good ) and are sold everywher
36、e in China. 20 refer to 替换 talk about/of, mention The professor you referred to (talked about ) is very famous. 21 can not but / can not help but 替换 have to do I could not but (had to) go home. 22 more often than not 替换 usually More often than not (Usually), the meaning of many words can be easily g
37、uessed. 23 lest 替换 so that /in order that I wrote down his telephone number so that I would not forget it. I wrote down his telephone number lest I (should) forget it. 24 be long for sth. / be long to do sth. 替换 want to do sth./wish for I want to see you very much. I am long to see you. 25 be caught
38、 up in/be crazy about/be absorbed in/be addicted to 替换 be interested in He is caught up in ( very interested in ) collecting stamps. 26 more than 替换 very Im very glad to learn that you are coming in September. Im more than glad to learn that you are coming in September. ( NMET 2003 ) If there is any
39、thing I can do for you, I would be more than glad to help.(2004 全国卷) 27 perfect (ly) 替换 good/ very well He speaks perfect ( good ) English./ He speaks English perfectly ( very well ). 28 do sb a/the favor 替换 help Would you please do me the favor ( help me ) to turn down the radio? 29 the other day 替
40、换 a few days ago The other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle. ( NMET 1997 ) 30 in the course of 替换 during In the course of (During) the mountain-climbing, please help each other and pay special attention to your safety. 31 the majority of 替换 most The majority of (Most of ) the inter
41、viewees prefer watching TV at home to going to the cinema. 32 consist of 替换 be made up of Our class consists of ( is made up of ) 50 students. 33 be worn out 替换 be tired / broken After five hours non-stop work, we were all worn out (tired). My shoes are worn out (broken). Please buy me a new pair. 3
42、4 become of 替换 happen What do think has become of ( happened to ) him ? 35 attend to 替换 look after 36 on condition that 替换 as long as 37 nevertheless 替换 however 38 express ones satisfaction with 替换 be satisfied with 39 spare no efforts to do 替换 try ones best to do 40 many a 替换 many 41 be rushed off
43、ones feet 替换 be busy in doing42 a handful of 替换 a little / some 43 meanwhile 替换 at the same time 44 get to ones feet 替换 stand up 45 beneath 替换 under 46 occasionally 替换 sometimes /once in while 47 for instance 替换 for example 48 seldom 替换 not often 49 wealthy 替换 rich 50 amazing 替换 surprising 51 as a m
44、atter of fact 替换 in fact 二 高级句型结构 It 句型 It will be + some time + before It wont be long before humans visit the Mars. It is + adj./n.+ for sb to do sth. It is very important for us to learn computer well, because it has changed our life so much. He said since it was a new model in China, it was impo
45、ssible to fix it without the right spare parts. 2008年湖北卷 It is + 被强调部分 + that 1) It is what Yang Liwei has done that encourages us a lot. 2) Those who like reading extensively say it is through reading that we get our knowledge. more than any other 表示最高级 Among the optional courses, spoken English an
46、d computer study are more popular than any one else. 名词从句 It would mean a great deal to me to listen to the tape and learn what is covered in the talk. ( 2004 全国卷 ) My hometown is no longer what it used to be. 非限制性 定语从句 The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street. It is not far from Jianxin Chinese School. The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street, which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School. (NMET 2003) It was quite an experience for us both, which Ill never forget for the rest of my life. (2002 北京卷) 分词结构 I dont know about others, but I used to have to work even at weeke
