1、化学生物信息学-从进化到药物发现,张红雨(华中农业大学生物信息中心),Background,How to mine information from the sea of data?,化学生物信息学:基于小分子的信息挖掘,研究策略:从小分子出发,从基本科学问题出发。研究方法:化学信息学与生物信息学紧密结合。,基本问题(1): 小分子在蛋白质空间中如何分布?,Power-law distribution of small-molecule ligands in protein space.,Ji, H.-F. et al. Genome Biol. 2007, 8: R176.,主要发现:小分子
2、在蛋白质空间中呈power-law分布; 蛋白质起源的小分子诱导/选择机制。,Ji, H.-F. et al. Genome Biol. 2007, 8: R176.,Tokuriki, N. & Tawfik, D. Science 2009, 324: 203-207.,实验证据:基于mRNA展示的体外选择,A randomly generated ATP-binding protein (1UW1),Keefe, A.D. & Szostak, J.W. Nature 2001, 410: 715-718. Lo Surdo, P. et al. Nat. Struct. Mol. Bi
3、ol. 2004, 11: 382-383. Simmons, C.R. et al. ACS Chem. Biol. 2009, 4: 649-658.,mRNA display-based in vitro selection,Changes in element abundances through time,Ji, H.-F. et al. BioEssays 2009, 31: 975-980.,Mn proteins: Nucleotide-diphospho-sugar transferases fold (No. 14)Iron proteins (heme): Globin-
4、like fold (No. 74)Copper proteins: Cupredoxin-like fold (No. 164),基本问题(2):金属离子能否促进蛋白质结构进化?,主要发现:金属离子诱导了蛋白质新结构的产生;蛋白质进化历程记录了地球化学事件。,Prevailing view of atmospheric oxygen evolution over time,Kump, L.R. Nature 2008, 451: 277-278.,Sizes of the largest fossils through Earth history.,Payne, J.L. et al. Pr
5、oc Natl Acad Sci USA 2009, 106: 24-27.,hv,6CO2 + 6H2O,(CH2O)6 + 6O2,基本问题(3):能否由蛋白质结构进化追溯氧气起源?,主要发现:根据小分子标记的蛋白质结构分子钟,推断有氧代谢起源于29亿年前。,用蛋白质结构分子钟追溯氧气起源,Protein fold clock,Metabolic network expansion,Wang, M.L. et al. Mol. Biol. Evol. 2011, 28: 567-582.Raymond, J. & Segr, D. Science, 2006, 311: 1764-1767
6、.,Through calibrating the protein fold chronology with geological ages, we inferred that aerobic metabolism emerged 2.9 billion years ago,when the oxygen level reached 0.1% of PAL.,Hierarchy of protein structures,Accumulation of oxygen-consumingfamilies (in red), ATP-binding families (in blue) and p
7、hosphotransferase families(in green),基本问题(4):最早的氧气从何而来?生物学作用何在?,主要发现:根据蛋白质家族的分子钟,推断氧气最早来源于H2O2的分解,最早参与的反应是合成磷酸吡哆醛。,Kim, K.M. et al. Structure 2012, 20: 67-76.,Mn catalase-assisting the birth of oxygen,Science News 报道,Evolution in structural space,Evolution in chemical space,基本问题(5):氧气如何促进了生命的进化?,主要发
8、现:有氧代谢提高了反应效率,显著扩展了产物的结构和化学空间,有利于生命实现复杂的跨膜转运和信号传递。代谢网络的组织与进化有化学基础。,Zhu, Q. et al. PLoS Comput. Biol. 2011, 7: e1002214.Jiang, Y.-Y. et al. PLoS Comput. Biol. 2012, 8: e1002426.,Evolutionary features ofhuman drug targets,基本问题(6):进化生物学能否促进药物发现?,主要发现:进化生物学有助于理解微生物抗药机制,有助于药物靶标和先导发现。,Zhang, H.-Y. et al.
9、Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 2010, 31: 443-448.Wang, Z.-Y. et al. Trends Mol. Med. 2012, 18: 69-71.,Acknowledgments,Prof. Gustavo Caetano-Anolls (University of Illinois) Prof. Hong-Fang Ji (SDUT) Prof. De-Xin Kong (HZAU) Prof. Bin-Guang Ma (HZAU) Ying-Ying Jiang (SDUT) Qiang Zhu (HZAU) Tao Qin (SDUT) Ge Qu (SDUT) Zhong-Yi Wang (HZAU) Cong Ji (SDUT) National Basic Research Program of China (2010CB126100; 2012CB721000) National Natural Science Foundation of China (30870520; 21173092),谢 谢!,