1、一、冠词/代词和介词注意:最近几年,江苏高考卷中并未出现考查冠词的题目;代词的考查题出现了两次,都是对不定代词的考查;单一的介词考查题也很少。尽管如此,这三个考点的基础知识都应该牢固掌握,才能做到以不变应万变。1、冠词: 1 “ ”)注意抽象名词具体化的现象,可以翻译成: 一种,一个,一次,一阵,一场等。(Beingable to afford a drink would be a comfort in those tough times.)2)动词+sb.+介词+the+身体某一部位抓(catch,hold,take,seize,)+by the+身体部位拍打(hit,strike,touc
2、h)+on the+身体部位看(look,stare,gaze)+ in the+身体部位2、代词:1)it作代词有几个小注意点:1 )指代婴儿或身份不明的人 2)习惯用语,本身并没有实际意义(You can make it. He has had it. ) 3)用于某些固定句型中,几乎成了一种习惯用法(I willappreciate it if you. I cant help it if you. I hate it when. When it comes to.)2)those可以用来替代前面提到过的事物,即 名词 不是 一个, 于the+可 名词 。ones 是 指,替代前面出现的
3、可 名词 。3、介词:介词的 语 了 最 知的名词/代词, 有1)adj/adv(be far from perfect; dropped fromabove) 2)介词 语(From under the table ran out a cat. ) 3)不定 或动名词( had no choice but towait) 4)名词 句(I had no idea of what he wanted.)、名词注意:对名词的考查一 是江苏高考的 点,2015年高考卷 出现了两个名词词义 题, 名词 介词的 也是 出现。 此牢固掌握意近、 近 语是的法。1、1) : on account of(
4、,于) in view of(于,考currency1到) by virtue of(于) in consequenceof( 于 的“) 2 )于,于:with regard to(于/于) in reference to(于) in the case of(于) in connectionwith/to(于)3)preference ,fi( in preference to 不是) priority(fl ) privilege()4)in line with (与 . 一) in tune with( 与 .一, ) in parallel with( 与 . ) in the wak
5、eof( ,”, .) on top of ( 了 . , . )in the event of 万一,如 5)固定 介词+ 名词 一by accident on account of ,于in addition in addition to in the air 中, 中on (the/an) average , 一来on the basis of , 的基础 at (the) best , for the better fi , on board ( 、 ) 上out of breath 不过 来on business , 事in any case 如, in case of , 万一in
6、 case 如, 以 ( 万一) in no case 不 by chance , in charge (of) , 管(a) round the clock 不 in common 用, 有, in conclusion 最, on condition that in confidence in connection with/to 于in consequence 此, in consequence of 于 的“on the contrary , in contrast with/to 成对out of control under control 住at all costs 不惜代价at
7、the cost of 以 代价三in the course of 过程中, 期间 of course ,自, 疑1in danger 危险中, 垂危out of danger 脱离危险out of date 过期( 时) 的up to date 新的in debt 欠债in detail 详细 in difficulties 处境困难in the distance 远处off duty 班on duty 值班, 班on earth 究竟, 到底at all events 如in any event 如in effect 有效;实际 四in the event of 万一,如 for exam
8、ple 例如with the exception of in the face of 面对,不顾, 即 in fact 实,实际 on fire 烧on foot 步in force 有效;实施中in favo(u)r of 有利于,赞成, 支持in front of 在面前in (the) future 今,将来on guard 警惕, 范in general 通常,大体 in half 成两半at hand 手边,附近from tip to toe 彻头彻尾, 完全by hand 用手hand down to 往 , 给( 代) 五hand in hand 手拉手,携手in hand 掌握
9、中, 中on hand 手边,临近on (the) one hand. 一方面 , on the other hand. 一方面at heart 内心;实质 by heart 牢记,凭记忆at home 家,国内;自, 自如in honor of 以纪念, 向 表示敬意on ones honor 以名誉担保in a hurry 匆忙 ,立即for instance 例如, 举例at intervals 不,at last 最终, 终于at least 少, 最低限度in the least 一点, 丝毫六at length 终于,最;详细 in the light of 按, in line
10、成一 线,排成一in line with 一, 按at a loss 困惑,不知所措as a matter of fact 实, 事实 by all means 如, 必定by means of 借助于, 用by no means 不in memory of 纪念at the mercy of 支 by mistake 错误 at the moment 现,此刻for a moment 片刻, 一会儿for the moment 现,暂in a moment 立刻, 马 七in nature 本质 on occasion 有, 不in order 秩序井,整齐in group to 以便, 了
11、in group that 以便out of order “障, on ones own 独自 ,独立 in particular 别 ,尤 , 详细 in the past 过 ,以往in person 亲自in place 适 的位置in place of 代替in the first place 起初,首 in the last place 最out of place 不 所的, 不适 的on the point 即将 的候八to the point 切中 ,切题in practice 实际中, 实际 out of practice 不 习, at present 目前, 现for th
12、e present 目前,暂in proportion to( 与 ) 成 例的in public , for (the) purpose of 了on purpose “意,有意with the purpose of 了in question 考currency1at random 意 , 意 at any rate 如,少by reason of 于2as regards 于,于with/in regard to 对于, in/with relation to 到with respect to 于as a result , 此as a result of 于 的in return 作 ,
13、作 on the road 中as a rule , ;通常, 例in the long run 最终, 远 点看for the sake of 了 起 on sale 出 ; on a large scale 大 on a small scale 小 in secret , in a sense 某种意义 in shape 处于 fi on the side 作 , at first sight 一看, 初看起来in sight 看到, out of sight 看不 , in spite of 不管,不顾;尽管, currency1on the spot 场, 现场in step 步, 拍
14、out of step 步 不一, 不 in stock 现有, “有in sum in tears , 哭in terms of fi , 按;用 措词for one thing 首 , 一 on the second thoughts fl 新考currency1, 一 念at a time 次, 一次at no time 不, 不at one time ,fl, 前一at the same time 是, at times 有for the time being 目前, 暂from time to time 有, 不in no time 立即, 马 in time , 适 on time
15、 on top of out of touch in truth 事实 ,实际 , 的on try by turns , 替 in turn fi次, in vain ”, 效a variety of 种种, 种by virtue of 于 by the way 便提一 , by way of fl, 通过 方 in a way 某点, 某种程度 in no way 不in the way of in ones/the way , after a while 过了一会, 不 for a while 暂, 一on the whole 的来in a word in other words 句, 也
16、 是at work 作, 忙于out of work in the world 到底,究竟动词+ 名词 三have/gain access to 可以take.into account 考currency1gain/have an advantage over 过, fl于pay the way for take advantage of 利用, pay attention to 注意do/try ones best 尽 , get the best of 过make the best of 利用, 处get the better of 打, catch ones breath , take
17、care 小心, 心take care of 顾, take a chance 险一 take charge of 担, keep company with 往, 与take delight in 以 with delight , 意 四make a/the difference 有 , 很 carry/bring into effect 效, 起作用put into effect 实, 效3come/go into effect 效, 实施take effect 效, 起作用catch ones eye 人注目keep an eye on 意, 看make a face 做 find fau
18、lt , catch fire come/go into force 效, 实施make friends , fi 处be friends with 对 fi, make fun of , keep ones head 保持lost ones head 不知所措五lose heart , 心get/learn by heart 记住, get hold of 抓住, 掌握keep house 管家 , 做家 throw/cast light on 明 , 明bear/keep in mind 记住have in mind 记住,考currency1到, 到make up ones mind 心
19、come/go into operation , put in order 整, keep/hold pace with ” , 步play a part 起作用take place , take the place of 代替come to the point 到 点, bring/carry into practice 实施, 实六make progress 步, give rise to 起, make sense 通, 有意义catch the sight of 现, 看 (go) on the stage take ones time 不 不忙, 容keep in touch 保持
20、keep track 通晓事 , 注意动向lose track make use of 利用put to use 用, 利用give way 让, 让步lead the way 带, make ones way 前, make way 让, keep ones word 遵守诺七act on 作用appeal to 呼吁, 求attempt at 企图, attitude to/towards 度, 看法a great/good deal of 大 ( 的) , 许 ( 的) influence on interference in 干涉interference with , 打扰introd
21、uce to 介绍a lot (of) 许 ( 的) , 大 ( 的) lots of 大 , 很 fall in love with , a matter of( 于 ) 的问题a number of 若干, 许 reply to , a series of 一 列, 一连串英语常考词语固定 (四) trolley bus 电 I. D. card 身份证credit card 用卡no doubt 疑, 必定next door 隔壁out of doors 户 face to face 面对面 as matter of fact 实际情况, 真 a few 有些, 几个quite a fe
22、w 不少, 有 目的a little 一点,稍微,一些, 少许little by little 逐渐 quite a little , 不少no matter the moment (that) 一 no more 不再 4fair play 竞赛; 对待in demand 有需 , 销firest room 厕所, 盥洗室primary school 小学side by side 肩并肩, 一个挨一个heart and soul 全心全意step by step 逐步ahead of time 提前all the time 一 , 始终once upon a time 前once in a
23、while 尔, 有no wonder 难怪, 怪不word for word 逐字 decline with thanks 婉谢绝动词+ 介词 一account for 明( 原 等)aim at 瞄, 针对allow for 考currency1到appeal to 呼吁, 求arrive at 达成,出ask after 询问, 问候ask for 请求, 求attach to 附属于, 隶属于begin with 始break into 闯 break off 断绝,束break through 破break up 中止,束;打碎, 折断bring about 带来, 造成bring
24、down 打倒, 挫伤;降低bring forth , 提 bring forward 提出bring out 出现; 布;出版bring up 教育,培养, 成 build up 积累;堵塞;树立,逐步建立;增;锻炼call for 邀请; 求;需求call forth 唤起, 起;振作起, 鼓起call off 放弃, 消catch at 抓住( 东西) call on/upon 访问,拜访;号召, 呼吁call up 召集, 动 ;打电care for 管,心;喜欢, 意欲carry off 夺 carry on 继续 ; 事, fl营carry out 贯彻, 执;实现come to
25、计,达到;苏醒, 原count on fi靠;期待, 指count up 把 加 三cover up 掩饰, 掩盖cut across 走捷径, 抄近deal with 处,对付, 排do without 没有 也fill in/out , get at 到, 近;意 是get into , go after 求go into ; 究, 查go for ;喜;支持, go through fl , fl ;详细 查go with , go without 没有 也improve on keep to 保持, 持lie in 于live up to 不 四live on/by 靠 , 以 liv
26、e through 度过, fl 过look after 管, look at 看, 注look for , 求look into 查, , 过问; look over 查,查看, 查look through 细查看, , 习make for 走向, 向;有助于occur to 到, 起play with 以 消 , refer to 考,查 ,涉, 提到run for 竞 run into , see to 注意, , , send for 人 请, 召唤; 五send in , 来serve as 作, 用作set aside 出,出, 出;绝sit for 加5stand by 支持,
27、currency1助;手“ stand for 代替,代表, 意stand against , stick to 持,fi于, 守take after fltake for 把 是, 把 看成是take in ,;了, take to 喜欢, 亲近touch on 到, 涉turn into 变成turn to 变成;求助于, 借助于turn off ;出 ;动词+ 词 六break down , break in 闯 ;打断, ”break out 出; , bring to 知 burn out 烧burn up 烧起来, 起来;烧完catch on , 明 check in 记手续che
28、ck out 离 ; , 查check up (on) 对, 查, cheer up 高, 振clear away , clear up ; ;放make it clear that come off 实现,成, 效come on 请,来 , 点; 始,出场, come out 出版;出现, ;是 七come round (around) 来访,前来;苏醒, 原come through fl , 脱险come up 走近, 来; , 提出cross out , 消cut back , 少cut down , 降低cut in( ) ;”, 打断cut off 切断; ;止cut out cut
29、 short 止die down 渐渐消 , die out 消 , 绝draw in( 、 ) 到 draw up , ; ;住dress up , 打很 drop by/in 便来访dry out 干 , 干dry up 干 , 八drop off , 少drop out 出, 离fall behind fall out ;是fall through , feed in find out 查明get across , 人了get around/round 走动, ;( 消) get away 脱, 离 get by 通过, fl过get down 来; get in ;, 集get off
30、 来;离 ,动身, 始get over ;( 中) 过来get through 束, 完成; 通电have got to (do) 不不, 必 get together 集, 集get up 起;增加, 增 give away ;give back , give in ; 降, give off 放出, 放give out , 放出give up 止, 放弃go ahead 始, 前; go by 过 go down 降,降低; , go off , ;动身, 离 go out 出; go over 查, 查; 习, go round/around 够 go under 沉, 沉没; ;破 g
31、o through 通过, 查, 完成三go up 升, 增加;建起 hand down 来,给, 往 6hand in , hand on 来, fi次hand out ,散 , 给hand over 出,移, 让 hang about 闲荡,徘徊, 逗 hang back 犹豫,踌躇, 畏缩hang on 抓不放;继续 hang up 挂断( 电) have back , have on , 戴hold back 踌躇,缩;止,抑hold on 继续, 握住不放hold out 维持,支持; 持, 不hold up 举起,挡, 止; 劫三一hurry up( 使) 赶 , 迅速完成keep
32、 back 止,挡;隐瞒, 保 keep down ,压, 压;压低keep off 不 近, 避 keep up 保持,维持;继续, 持let down 放 , 降低; let in 让 , 放 来let off 放( 烟, 烟) , 开( 枪) let out 放,放出, 出line up 排, 排成一look back 顾, 头看look out 神,注意,提 , 警惕look on “ , 看;看待, 作look up 查 , 查考; ( 某人) look in 便看make out ,区;, 了make out of 用 做, 出三 make up 构成,拼凑;弥补, 赔偿;化 mi
33、x up 混淆,混, 搞糊涂pass away 世, 逝世pass off 中止, 止pass to 到,讨 , 到pass out 知 , 昏倒pay back 偿 , pay off ( 债) pay down 即付, 用现金支付pay up 全部付 三三pick out 出, 出,拣出; , 别出pick up 起, ( ) 到;( ) 中 ( 人) ,学会pull down 拆毁,拉倒;拉 , 降低pull in( 车) , , 船( 到岸) pull off 脱( 帽、衣) pull on 穿, 戴pull out 拔出, 抽出;( 、 ) 出pull together 齐心 pul
34、l up( 使) put across , 明put aside 储存, 保 put away 放fi, fi;储存put down 记 ,放 ;压, 定put forward 提出put in put on , 戴 ; ;增加( 体 ) put out , 关( 灯) ;出版, 布; put right ( 错误) , 整三四put up 提起,举起, 提( 价) ; 提供 宿, 宿ring off 挂断电rub out 擦, 拭 run down 倒, 沉; 捕, 查run off 印, 打印run over 略读,略述;辗过, , 匆匆 习see off 给 see through 看,
35、识破;干完, 干到底set back 推迟,延缓, set down 卸 ,放 ,记 , 记 set forth 明, 陈述set off 出 ,动身; 起, set out 陈列, 示;动身, 起程;定set up 创立,建立,树立;资助, 扶持show in show off 炫耀, 三五show up 现, 醒目shut out 排 sit in 列席, “听sit up 迟睡, 熬 speed up 加速stand out 出, 眼stand up 起来, 耐用step up 提高,加 , 加step in , 介 stick out 伸出, 出; 持到底, 继续take away 消
36、 ;消耗take down 记 , take off 拿走, 脱 ;起 take on 现; 纳,承担, 事7take over 管, take up 占 ; 始;拿起, take up with 和 往,忍 ,采用三六think over 细考currency1throw away 扔, 抛弃touch up 润色, turn down 拧小, 低;绝turn in 出, 缴; 身 turn off ,断 ;拐弯, 叉 turn on 通, 打 turn out 造, ;是turn over 翻过来;移, turn up 大;出现;来到; use up 用完, 花完warm up 变热wea
37、r off 逐渐消 wear out 用破;耗尽, 精疲 while away 消磨( 间) wipe out 擦 ,抹 ;消 , 毁 work out ,算出; 懂, 定出work up 起, 激起;逐渐 升work on 事于, 做write off 废,勾销,注销 动名词的固定 三七aim at 目的于, 旨;瞄accuse.of. 告;谴 depend on 于devote to 奉献, engage in 事于, 忙;订婚feel like 欲, go on 继续; cannot/couldn?t help 禁不住;不不insist on 持keep from 不( 做) keep
38、on 继续不断, 保持look forward to 盼, 期待persist in 持, 持续prevent from 预 , 止put off 推迟, 推延set about 始, 手succeed in 成thank for 感谢think of 起,到;一三、 容词和 词注意:近几年江苏高考对 容词和 词的考查 是词义 , 且通过语境来区别。 对 容词和 词的 较等级的考查近几年一 没有涉。1、 容词和 词的 较等级的用法1 )原级:1)as+adj/adv原级+as+ 较对象,和 . 一 注:有asas.构并没有用来表示两 较, 是 成一种固定 , 述 一个事物的 (as far a
39、s,as good as,as long as)2)not+as/so+ adj/adv原级+as+ 较对象,不如 .3) + as+adj/adv原级+as+ 较对象,是 .的几 2) 较级( 的情况):1)有句 中不出现than, 需 用 较级, 较对象 于 或一定的语境中。(Be more careful next time.)2)the+adj/adv的 较级+of the two n. 表示两 中 较 .的(Ill give you the bigger of thetwo steaks.)3)more than构的不 用法:A 过(There are more than 2,000
40、,000 books in the library.)B 很, 常(I was more than a little angry when I saw. ) C 不 (More than one answer is to yourquestion. ) D .不如(You were more lucky than bright. ) E 常(More often than not people dontrealize what their rights are.)3 )最高级( 的情况):1 “) 定词+ ” 较级的构表示最高级义(The clothes made in his factory
41、have never been more popular. 的衣 来没有fl现这 欢 。)2)最高级的 表达方 :A 较级+than any other+可 n. 单 ( .has more uses thanany other plant in the world. )B never.such+名词(I have never seen such a beautiful scene.)84 ) 较级/最高级 用中需 注意的几个问题:1) 较级可用much, even, still, far, a lot, a great deal,twice, a little, rather等 饰2) 较级
42、前面一不加冠词, 是 列情况 :A 表示两 中 ,且 较级 饰的名词(Who is the younger one, Lily or Lucy? ) B “在of the two +n”的构中(Of the twojobs, he chose the harder. ) C “the more.,the more.”的构中3)最高级可用much, far, by far, nearly, almost, by no means, not quite, not really,nothing like等 饰4 “ ”)本身表示 最高程度 的 容词:excellent,extreame, perfect等,没有 较级和最高级5)最高级前面通常 加the, 列情况 :A容词最高级作表语,且 较范 不明(They are happiest on Saturdays. )B 最高级前面有序 词、物 代词、指示代词或名词所有 等限定词 饰(Hainan is Chinas second largest island.)C 两个 容词最高级并列 饰 一个名词, 个最高级前面可以不加the D 有,最高级 是用来加 “ ”语 ,翻译成很, 常,前面不加the (Seen from the mountain top, the villge