1、现在时3、现在进行时：I am doing以下动词不可用于现在进行时：like love want know understandremember depend prefer hate needmean believe forget4、现在进行时的疑问式：Are you doing?5、一般现在时：I do/work/like 等一般现在时用来表示一般性的事实、有时或经常发生的事情：I like big cities.Always/never/often/usually/sometimes 常与一般现在时连用：I never eat breakfast.6、一般现在时的否定式：I dont/h
2、e doesnt + 动词原形I dont have a bath every day.【every day 表每天，作状语 ; everyday 表每天的，形容词】7、一般现在时的疑问式：Do you?Do/does 主语 动词原形Do you work on SundaysDo your friendslive near hereDoes Anne play tennisWhere do Your friendsliveHow often do you wash your hairWhat does This word meanHow much does it cost to fly to
3、 Rome*What do you do? 表示“你是做什么工作的？”8、 have/have got（1 ）have=have got has=has gotDont have=havent got Doesnt have=hasnt gotDo you have=have you gotDoes he have=has he got（2 ） have 表“吃、喝、拿” 时，不能用 have got 代替have have breakfast/lunch/dinnerhave a meal/a pizza/a sandwichhave a cup of coffeehave sth to e
4、at/drink（3 ）下列短语中，要用 havehave have a bath/a showerhave a rest/a holiday/a partyhave a nice time/a good trip/funhave a walk/a swim/a gamehave a dream/an accidentComment kw1: 现在进行时通常指人；一般现在时通常指物，比如时间表之类的Comment kw2: 注意英文时间的写法have a babyhave a look15、现在完成时（1 ） have done（2 ） just/already/yetJust表“刚才”：we
5、ve just arrived.Already表“已经” （在预料之前）：theyve already arrived. （=before you expected）Yet表“直到现在” （用于否定句和疑问句中）：they havent arrived yet.（3 ）现在完成时与 ever（用于疑问句中） /never连用： Have you ever played golf？（4 ） gone表“去而未归”： she has gone to China.Been表“去而已归”：he has been to China.（5 ） How long have you?She has been
6、in Ireland since Monday/for three days.一般现在时 现在完成时Dan and Kate are married. They have been married for four years.Are you married? How long have you been married?现在进行时 现在完成进行时Im learning English. How long have you been learning English?25、 what are you doing tomorrow?I am doing something tomorrow 表示
7、“我已经安排好明天要做某事/我计划明天做某事”I am going to do something.同上（be going to 与 will 的区别）注意：用一般现在时表示时间表、节目单、火车与公共汽车时刻表等：The train arrives at 7.30.27、 will/shall（1 ） I shall =I will、we shall=we will ：I shall be late tomorrow. = I will be late tomorrow.在构成将来时的时候，不可将 shall与 you/they/it/he/she等非第一人称连用：Tom will be la
8、te. (而不能 Tom shall be late.)（2 ） Ill 表“提议或决定做某事”:Ill phone you tomorrow.I think Ill/I dont think Ill表“ 决定做某事”：I think Ill go to bed early tonight.（3 ） Shall I/Shall we? 表“你认为好吗？”28、 might=may29、 can/could： could为过去式30、 must/mustnt/dont need to（1 ）表示过去时，用 had to而不用 must：We had to walk home last night
9、.（2 ） dont need to = dont have to31、 should（1 ） I thinkshould/I dont think.should/do you thinkshould?（2 ） ought to =should32、 I have to（1 ）表过去时，用 had to（2 ）表示认为有必要做某事或提出个人看法时，must 或 have to 都可以不是表个人看法时，只能用 have to：Eg: You cant park your car here for nothing. You have to pay. （非个人看法）Its a fantastic f
10、ilm. You must see it./You have to see it.33、 I used to/I didnt used to/did you use to？38、 there has been/there have been一般过去时 现在完成时There was an accident last night. Look! Theres been an accident.When we arrived at the theatre, there was a long queue outside.This road is very dangerous. There have be
11、en many accidents.Why are those policemen outside the bank?Theres been/there was a robbery.41、反义疑问句Have you?/are you?/dont you? 表“对某事感兴趣或感到惊奇”：Ive bought a new car.Oh, have you?记住：前否后肯，前肯后否Its a nice day, isnt it?That isnt your car, is it?42、 too/either so am I/neither do I（1 ）too（肯定） Im happy too.句
12、尾either（否定） Im not happy either.So am I (so was he/so do I/so would I)I m happy.Im notNeither am I (可用 nor 代替 neither)Im not happyI am（2）both+复数名词either/neither 单数名词，谓语动词用单数both （of ） theeitherneitherof these/thosemy/your/PaulsComment kw3: Like是介词不是动词Comment kw4: 这里的名词用单数形式44、疑问句（1 ） is it?/have you
13、?/do they?why isnt?/why dont?（2 ） who saw you?/who did you see?（3 ）以特殊疑问词开头的句子，介词位于句尾：where are you from?（4 ） whats it like?/what are they like? 表询问某事物的情况 新旧、好坏、大小等（5 ）疑问词What+名词 What time/what sizewhat不加名词 Whats your name?Which+名词（物 /人） Which train did you catch?which不加名词时，不指代人 Which is biggest?How
14、+形容词/副词 How tall are you?howHow deep/how heavy/how high/how bigWhats the capital of Argentina?What （范围更广）Which（选择较少）Which colour do you prefer, pink or yellow?52、不定式与-ing 形式动词+不定式want plan decide tryhope expect offer forgetneed promise refuse learn+to(to work/to do/to be)动词+-ingenjoy stop suggestmin
15、d finish+-ing(doing/working)动词+-ing 或不定式like love start continueprefer hate begin+-ing/to55、go to go to workgo to schoolgo to universitygo to hospitalgo to prisongo to bedgo to sleepgo to churchgo to the bank/the theatre/the (be)at work(be)at school(be)at university(be)in hospital(be)in prison(be)in
16、 bed(be)in/at churchComment kw5: 上自己的车用 in，坐公共汽车那种公共交通工具用 onairportgo homego to the doctor/dentist(be)at homego on go on holidaygo on a tripgo on a tour go on an excursiongo on a cruisego on a strikego for go for a walkgo for a rungo for a swimgo for a drinkgo for mealgo(going/went/gone) shoppingswi
17、mmingfishingsailingskiingjogging56、get + 名词（收到/买到/找到某物） get a job/get a letterget + 交通工具 get a busget a trainget a taxiget + 形容词（变得. ） get hungryget coldget tiredget to + 地点 （到达） get to workget to NY(get here/get home)get的短语 get in a carget out of a carget on a busget off a busget married（结婚）get dre
18、ssed（穿衣）get lost（迷路）57、 do 与 makeComment kw6: n.尤指装食品或液体的)硬纸盒;塑料盒;硬纸盒（或塑料盒）所装物品;纸板盒vt.用盒包装do do an examdo a testdo a coursedo homeworkdo houseworkdo somebody a favourdo an exercisedo the shoppingdo the washing 洗衣服do the washing-up 洗碗do the ironing 熨烫do the cookingmake make a mistakemake an appointme
19、ntmake a phone callmake a listmake a noisemake a bedmake a film 拍电影take a photograph 拍照66、名词在英语中，下列词语以复数出现：scissors glasses trousers jeans shorts tights pyjamas people police以下名词通常不可数advice bread furniture hair information news weather worka bottle of water a carton of milk a bar of chocolate/ a box
20、 of chocolatesa piece of cheese a bottle of perfume a piece of musica bowl of rice a cup of coffee a game of tennis73、 the的用法the sun the moon the world the sky the sea the countrythe police the fire brigade the armythe top the end the middle the leftthe piano the guitar the trumpetthe radiothe Inter
21、net注意：1. television/TV 不用 the ：I watch TV a lot. 但是 can you turn off the TV(=the TV set)2. breakfast/lunch/dinner 等不加 the3. next/last + week/month/year/summer 等不加 the4. 球类名词前不加 the5. 学科名词前不加 thethe（地名）1.地域名称前一般不用 the France/Japan/Peru2.与国家、岛屿、山脉等名称的复数形式连用the Alps/the Philippines/the Netherlands/the
22、Canary Islands3.洋、海、江、河的名称前用 the the Atlantic/the Amazon/the Nile/the Black sea4.街道、广场等名称前不用 the lives in Newton Street/Highfield Road/Times Square5.机场、车站、大学、城堡等重要建筑物不用 theKennedy Airport/London Zoo/Victoria Station6.宾馆、影院、剧院、博物馆的名称前要用 thethe Regent Hotel/the National Theatre/the Science Museum7.表方位
23、时用 the the north/south/east/west of77、 not + any/no/more（1 ） not + any=no.=not a（2 ） no通常用于 have（got）与 there is/are 之后（3 ）动词否定形式+any =动词肯定形式+no（4 ） no 之后接名词、none 可单独使用None 表示“无” ；no-one 表示“没人nobody = not + anybodyno-one =not + anyonenothing = not + anything80、 every/all（1 ） every +单数名词，谓语动词用单数（2 ） e
24、verywhere 是副词allmostsomeanyno+ citieschildrenbooksmoneyall (of)most someany noneofthethis/thatthese/thosemy/your83、 a lot/ much/many/(a)little/(a)few（1 ） a lot of + 可数/不可数，也可不跟名词（2 ） much+不可数，用于否定句与疑问句，也可不跟名词（3 ） many+复数（4 ）a little+不可数 表“有一点但不多” a few+复数 表“有一点但是不多”little+不可数 表“几乎没有 ” few+复数 表“几乎没有”
25、88、 a bit older/ much olderA bit older than.A bit more difficult thanMuch better thanMuch more expensive than89、 not asasNot as much as.Not as many asThe same as.90、 the oldest/ the most expensive可用最高级+Ive ever./ youve ever.等：The film was very bad. I think its the worst film Ive ever seen.What is th
26、e most unusual thing youve ever done?91、 enough/tooenough for sb/sthenough to do sthenough for sb/sth to do sthtoofor sb/sthtooto do sthtoofor sb to do sth93、词序（1 ）地点状语位于时间状语之前：we went to a party last night.（2 ） always/never/often 等词用于动词之前， be 动词之后，两个动词之间：e.g. I always drink coffee in the morning.I
27、am always tired.I will always remember you. / I can never find my keys.96、 give/ lend/pass/send/show/buy/getgive sth to sbgive sb sth注意：当某物为代词 it 或 them 时，用第一种结构比较好：I gave it to my father.always often ever rarely also already allusually sometimes never seldom just still both98、 when（1 ）当以 when 开头时，两
28、部分用逗号隔开： When I went out, it was raining.（2 ）一般现在时用于 when 之后表示将来：Lisa will be in Mexico when Sarah is in New York.When I get home this evening, Im going to have a shower.（3 ） before/while/after/until 的用法类似：Please close the window before you go out.Ill wait here until you come back.99、 if（1 ） if 之后常用
29、一般现在时：If you see Ann tomorrow, can you ask her to call me?What shall we do if it rains?（2 ） if I/you/he/she/they/it hadI/you/he would.if I/it/he/she was或 if I/it/he/she were.(这里的动词都是过去式)If Iyouittheyhad/knew/lived/wentdidnt have/didnt knowwerecouldIyouittheywould(nt)could(nt)buybehavego.在这种句子里，句意表示事
30、实上这个假设不成立：If I had the money, I would buy a fast car.事实上我没有钱买车。I wouldnt go out if I were you.事实上我不是你。（3 ）比较if I have/ if it isI must go and see Helen. If I have time, I will go today. (=maybe Ill have time, so maybe Ill go)Ill help you if I can.(=maybe I can help you)if I had/if it wasI must go and
31、 see Helen. If I had time, I would go today. (=I dont have time today, so I will not go)Id help you if I could, but I cant.103、at/on/in（1 ）at（时间点） 8 oclock10.30midnighton（星期、日期、节日） Sunday/Monday25 April/6 JuneNew Years Dayin（月份、年份、季节） April/June2003/1998summer/spring（2 ）固定搭配at the weekendat nightat
32、Christmasat the end ofat the momentin the morningin the afternoonin the eveningin five minuteson Monday morningon Tuesday afternoon注意：this、last、next、every 等前不用介词，如 next year106、in/at/on(1)in in a roomin a shopin the waterin Brazilin the fieldat at the bus stopat the doorat the traffic lightsat her d
33、eskat the top/bottom/end of(at the age of 21/at 50kilometres an hour/at 100 degrees)on on a shelfon a plateon a balconyon the flooron a wallon a dooron the ceilingon a horse/bicycle/motorbikeon footon holidayon televisionon the phoneon timeon fire(2)in in bedin hospitalin the skyin the worldin a newspaperin a car
