1、宾语从句1.宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中做及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语 eg, He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语) Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语)I am sure (that) he will succeed.(形容词宾语)2. 宾语从句的引导词有三类：(1) 以 that 引导的宾语从句，主要用来引导肯定句形式的宾语从句， that 可以省略。可跟 that从句做宾语的动词有：say,think,wish,hope,imagine,wonder,know,suppose,
2、see,believe,agree,expect,explain, oreder,feel,report 等eg, The radio says (that) the clouds will lift later on.She told me (that) she would like to go with us.(2) 以连接代词 which, what, who,whose 等或连接副词 how, where, when,why 等引导的宾语从句，从句是陈述语序eg, Could you tell me whats the matter with you?I want to know ho
3、w soon it will begin.(3) 以 whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句, 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序eg, I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei .注：宾语从句中一律用陈述语序：关联词+主+谓3宾语从句的时态(1) 当主句为一般现在时态、现在进行时态、或一般将来时态时，从句可用所需要的任何时态。 eg, I want to know what time he got up this morning.You are telling me that you wont
4、 stop until tomorrow?(2) 当主句为一般过去时态时， 从句要用于过去有关的时态。eg,They asked what Jean was doing now .Linda said that the train had left.(3) 当从句表述的是客观真理或自然现象时，宾语从句要使用一般现在时。eg, Lisa asked whether light travels faster than sound.Polly said no news is a good news注：当主句谓语动词是 think,believe,suppose,expect 等，宾语从句的意思是否定
5、时，常把否定转移至主句。Eg：I dont think it is right for him to treat you like that.我认为他那样对待你是不对的。4.一般情况下，whether 和 if 可以互用， 但下列情况只能用 whether。（1） 在带 to 的不定式前,eg, We havent decided whether to walk there（2） 引导词与 or not 连用时， eg, Could you tell me whether you go or not?（3）在介词的后面eg,Im thinking of whether we should go
6、 to see the film.另： if 当如果讲时， 引导的是条件状语从句， 这时不能用 whether.eg, You cant work the plan out if you dont have the meeting .例题解析：1. The teacher asked the students _.A. if they were interested in dinosaurs B. when was Albert Einstein bornC. what they will do with the computers D. how many trees they have pl
7、anted解析：宾语从句中从句应保持陈述语序，答案 B 首先删去，主句一般过去式，从句要用于过去有关的时态，删去答案 C 和 D,答案 A 中的 if 意为如果.应选 A2. Could you tell me _ ?A. what the matter is with you B. what was the matter with youC. hats the matter with you D. whats the wrong with you .解析：what 就是从句的主语，whats the matter with you 本身就是陈述语序，因此删掉 A; 主句可看作是委婉的请求，并
8、是一般过去式，可删去答案 B; wrong 前不用加 the, 因此此题选 C.3.He asked me _ I could sing the song “My Heart will Go On.“A. if B. weather C.what D. that解析：此句应选含有疑问意思的关系代词， 故删去 D；weather 意为天气，根据句意应选 A.4.Our teacher told us that the moon _ round the earth.A. went B. turned C.go D. turns解析：从句是一个客观真理，因此从句的时态不受主句影响。 应选 D5. I
9、t makes no difference _.A. whether will you come tomorrow.B. Whether or not will be pass the examC. If he will come to the meeting or notD. Whether he will come to the meeting or not解析：答案 A 和 B 从句不是陈述语序先删掉,if 不能与 not 连用。因此此题选 D6. They dont know _ their parents are.A.that B. what C. why D. which解析：wh
10、at 表示职业， 因此选 B.7. I am sure _ you said is true.A. what B. that C. which D. who 解析：根据句意应用 what , 做 said 的内容， 你所说的话。应选 A.8. The old man told us _ and _.A. to do what , to do how B. what to do it, how to do itC. what to do, how to do it D. what to do , how to do解析： 疑问词 what 即连接不定式，又做 do 的宾语； 而在 how 引导的
11、不定式短语中， how 表示方式， do 为及物动词， 因此需接宾语才正确应选 C课堂练习与巩固：1.-Do you know when the World Cup _ next week?- Next Friday. When it _, I will ring you.A. begins, begins B. begins, will begin C. will begin, will begin D. will begin, begins2.- Today or tomorrow?- What are you talking about?- We are talking about _
12、to give a talk on WTO.A. how B. where C. when D. what3. I wonder _.A. where does he live B. where he liveC. he lives where D. where he lives4. - Are you sure you have to ? Its been very late.- I dont know _ I can do it if not now.A. where B. why C. when D. how5. -Would you please tell me _? - In a s
13、mall village near Niingbo.A. where was your mother born B. where your mother was bornC. when was your mother born D. when your mother was born6. The photograph will show you _.A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks likeC. how does our village look like D. how our village looks
14、like7. - Can you guess if they _ to play basketball with us?- I think theyll come if they _ free.A.will come, will be B. will come, are C. come, are D. come, will be8. -Where does he come from ?- Pardon?- I asked where_.A. did he come from B. he came from C. he comes from D. does he come from9. She wondered _.A. how much he cost the computer B. how much he paid for the computerC. how much the computer will cost him D. how much did he spend on the computer10. -Do you know _?- Im not sure. Maybe he is a businessman.A. who he is B. who is he C. what he does D. what does he do
