1、图表描述专题训练（一）这类作文时，注意以下几点：第一，审题时，除了要把握好图表的表层信息外， 还要分析图标的深层含义，如原因、根源、可能的发展趋势等。图表中所提供的说明文字往往是问题的切入点，一定要仔细分析。第二，描述数据时要抓住重点，为中心服务，不必面面俱到，切忌毫无目的地罗列图表中的数据。如果数据较多，抓住图表中的极端点（如最大或最小、最多或最少，最好或最差）和基本相同进行描述。第三，主题句应明确，最好放在文章的开头，这样会使重点突出，主题明了。图表范例一Students Use of Computers0246810241901952020Hours例文： Students Use of
2、 Computers提纲： 1. 上图所示为某校大学生平均每周使用计算机的时间： 1990 年（2 hours）, 1995 年 (4 hours), 2002 年 (14 hours)，请描述其变化；2. 请说明发生这些变化的原因（可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明） ；3. 你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。 参考范文(1)Student Use of ComputersAs is clearly shown in the chart, the number of hours students spent on computers increased from t
3、wo to four hours per week from 1990 to 1995. Especially, the number rose to about 14 hour per week in 2002.There are three factors leading to the change. To begin with, the price of computers is getting much lower than before so that many students can afford it. In addition, it is very convenient fo
4、r us to study with the help of computers. For example, e-mails enable us to keep in touch with our teachers and friends. Last but not least, with fast development of the modern society, a computer has become a must for many people. To sum up, low price, convenience and wide use contribute to the inc
5、rease in the use of computers.As for me, student use of computers is a double-edged sword. On the one hand, it is a good helper in searching for information, drawing pictures, etc. One the other hand, various computer games might distract students from their studies. In brief, computers can serve us
6、 well if they are used in the right way. 学生使用电脑如图表所示，学生花在电脑上的时间从每周 1995 小时增加到四小时，从 1990 小时增加到了 12 小时。特别是，这个数字在 2002 上升到每周 14 小时。导致这一变化的原因有三个。首先，计算机的价格比以前低得多，所以许多学生买得起。此外，在电脑的帮助下学习是非常方便的。例如，电子邮件使我们能够与我们的老师和朋友保持联系。最后但并非最不重要的一点是，随着现代社会的迅速发展，计算机已成为许多人的必用之物。总之，低廉的价格，便利的使用和广泛的使用有助于计算机的使用增加。对我来说，学生使用电脑是把双刃
7、剑。一方面，它是搜索信息、画画等的好帮手；另一方面，各种各样的电脑游戏可能分散学生学习的注意力。简言之，如果计算机被正确使用，计算机就能很好地为我们服务。参考范文（2）Student Use of ComputersAs is clearly shown in the chart, the average number of hours a student spent on computers increased from two to four hours per week from 1990 to 1995. Especially, the number reached approxima
8、tely 14 hour per week in 2002. Why are there such great changes during these days?There are three factors leading to this phenomenon. Firstly, because of the sharp decline in the price of computers, most college students can afford one. Secondly, the Internet provides access to various kinds of info
9、rmation students are interested in. Finally, playing computer games or surfing online is relaxing. To sum up, low price, easy access to information and wide use make students use computers a lot.As for me, computers do bring convenience to students; however, it is no good fro students to spend too m
10、uch time chatting online or playing computer games. In brief, in spite of the problems concerning the use of computers, we cant deny that computers are of more merits than defects.学生使用电脑如图表所示，学生花在电脑上的平均时间从每周 1995 小时增加到四小时，从 1990 小时增加到了 1 小时。特别是，在 2002，这个数字每周大约达到 14 小时。为什么这些天有这么大的变化？导致这种现象的原因有三个。首先，由
11、于计算机价格的急剧下降，大多数大学生都能负担得起。第二，因特网提供学生对各种信息的兴趣。最后，玩电脑游戏或上网是放松。总之，低廉的价格，容易获取信息和广泛使用使学生们大量使用计算机。对我来说，电脑确实给学生带来了方便，然而，学生花太多时间上网聊天或玩电脑游戏是没有好处的。简言之，尽管计算机使用方面有问题，但我们不能否认计算机的优点多于缺点。5%15%scholarship 5%40%Part-time jobs 90%45%parentsChinese StudentsAmerican Studentsexamineesfinancial sourcesFinancial Sources of
12、 College Students1. 描 述 中 美 大 学 生 经 济 资 助 状 况2. 分 析 这 种 状 况 的 成 因3. 预 测 中 国 大 学 生 经 济 资 助 的 可 能 变 化Sample 1Financial Sources of College StudentsFrom the table, we can see clearly that Chinese college students and their American peers rely on different financial sources for their life and study. Abou
13、t 90% of Chinese students get money from their parents. In contrast, only 45% of American students resort to this way. About 40% of American students depend on part-time jobs for income, but only 5% of Chinese students do so. Scholarship is the financial source for 15% of American students, whereas
14、only for 5% of Chinese students.There are several reasons leading to this difference. On the one hand, independence is greatly honored in American society, and students would be proud to depend on themselves. Besides, they have a more flexible schedule so they can have more time to do part-time jobs
15、. On the other hand, some Chinese students take their parents financial support for granted. Similarly, parents believe its their duty to finance their childrens educationI think with the reform in college education, this tendency in China may be changed. The widespread adoption of credit-system wil
16、l give Chinese students more time and flexibility to pursue part-time jobs and get more independence from their parents. Also, with the passage of time, both the students and the parents ideas will change greatly. Thus, more and more Chinese college students are sure to rely on themselves rather tha
17、n on their parents for finance.示例 1大学生财务来源从表中我们可以清楚地看到，中国大学生和美国同龄人依靠不同的金融来源来学习和生活。大约 90%的中国学生从父母那里得到钱。相比之下，只有 45%的美国学生采用这种方式。大约 40%的美国学生依靠兼职来获得收入，但只有 5%的中国学生这样做。奖学金是15%的美国学生的经济来源，而只有 5%的中国学生。导致这种差异的原因有好几个。一方面，独立在美国社会中受到极大的尊重，学生们将为依靠自己而自豪。此外，他们有更灵活的时间表，以便他们有更多的时间做兼职工作。另一方面，一些中国学生把父母的经济资助视为理所当然。同样，父母认
18、为他们有责任为孩子的教育提供资金。我认为大学教育的改革，在中国这种趋势可能会改变。普遍采用学分制将使中国学生有更多的时间和灵活性来从事兼职工作，并从父母那里获得更多的独立性。而且，随着时间的推移，学生和家长的观念都会发生很大的变化。因此，越来越多的中国大学生要依靠自己，而不是依靠父母来理财。Sample 2Financial Sources of College StudentsAccording to the table, the number of Chinese students who get money from their parents doubles that of Ameri
19、can ones, 45% and 90% respectively. But the percentage of American students who depend on part-time jobs is much larger than that of Chinese ones. It can also be seen clearly that scholarship is the financial source for 15% of American students, while only for 5% of Chinese students.Several factors
20、can account for the above difference. For one thing, independence is highly honored in American society and students take great pride in self-reliance. For another, American students have a more flexible schedule so they can have more time to do part-time jobs. Another contributing factor is that bo
21、th Chinese students and their parents take parents financial support for granted.The tendency for Chinese college students to rely on their parents for finance may be changed. The widespread adoption of credit-system will give Chinese students more time and flexibility to pursue part-time jobs and g
22、et more independence from their parents. Whats more, great changes may take place not only in the students ideas but also in their parents, which, in turn, will lead Chinese students to regard it as a pride to be self-reliant.大学生财务来源根据表格，中国学生从父母那里得到的钱是美国学生的两倍，分别是 45%和 90%。但是，依赖兼职工作的美国学生的比例要比中国学生高很多。
23、也可以清楚地看到，奖学金是15%的美国学生的金融来源，而只有 5%的中国学生。有几个因素可以解释上述差异。一方面，独立在美国社会中备受尊敬，学生们为自力更生感到自豪。另一方面，美国学生有更灵活的时间表，以便他们有更多的时间做兼职工作。另一个原因是中国学生和他们的父母都把父母的经济资助视为理所当然。中国大学生依靠父母理财的倾向可能会改变。普遍采用学分制将使中国学生有更多的时间和灵活性来从事兼职工作，并从父母那里获得更多的独立性。更重要的是，不仅在学生的观念上，而且在他们的父母身上，也会发生巨大的变化，这将引导中国学生把它看作是自立的骄傲。如何用英语描述图表一、图表类型基本单词图表类型：table
24、(表格) 、chart(图表)、diagram(图标)、graph(多指曲线图)、column chart(柱状图)、pie graph( 饼图) 、tree diagram(树形图)、饼图：pie chart、直方图或柱形图：bar chart/histogram、趋势曲线图：line chart/curve diagram、表格图：table 、流程图或过程图：flow chart/sequence diagram、程序图：processing/procedures diagram 二、图表描述基本词语1、 描述：show、describe、illustrate 、can be seen
25、from、clear 、 apparent、reveal、represent2、 内容：figure、statistic、number、percentage、proportion三、常用的描述句型The table/chart diagram/graph shows (that)According to the table/chart diagram/graphAs (is) shown in the table/chart diagram/graphAs can be seen from the table/chart/diagram/graph/figures，figures/statis
26、tics shows (that)It can be seen from the figures/statisticsWe can see from the figures/statisticsIt is clear from the figures/statisticsIt is apparent from the figures/statisticstable/chart/diagram/graph figures (that) table/chart/diagram/graph shows/describes/illustrates图表图表 显示了这一点。根据表格/图表/图表如表/图表/
27、图表所示从表格/图表/图表/数字中可以看出，数字/统计数字表明从数字/统计数字可以看出从数字/统计中我们可以看到。从数字/统计数字中可以清楚看出。从数字/统计数字中可以看出表/图表/图表/图形图表/图表/图表/图表/说明/说明四、图表中的数据(Data)具体表达法1、表示数据变化的单词或者词组rapid/rapidly 迅速的，飞快的，险峻的sharp/sharply 锐利的，明显的，急剧的gradual/gradually 渐进的，逐渐的slight/slightly 稍微的、略微地stable/stably 稳定的2、其它在描述中的常用到的词significant changes 图中一些
28、较大变化noticeable trend 明显趋势during the same period 在同一时期in terms of/in respect of/regarding 在方面in contrast 相反，大不相同government policy 政府政策market forces 市场力量五、图表描述套句1.the table shows the changes in the number ofover the period fromto该表格描述了在年之年间数量的变化。2.the bar chart illustrates that该柱状图展示了3.the data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that这些数据资料令我们得出结论4.as can be seen from the diagram，great changes have taken place in从图中可以看出，发生了巨大变化。5.as can be seen from the graph，the two curves show the fluctuation of如图所示，两条曲线描述了的波动情况。
