1、 大数据思维探析学科专业 科学技术哲学目 录中 文 摘 要 .IABSTRACT .III引 言 .1一、选题目的与意义 .1二、国内外研究现状 .1三、主要研究内容 .4四、本文的创新点 .5第一章 大数据思维的提出 .61.1 时代背景 .61.2 理论背景 .101.2.1 计算机科学方面 .101.2.2 哲学方面 .131.3 大数据思维的提出 .16第二章 大数据思维的特征 .192.1 整体性与涌现性 .192.1.1 整体性 .192.1.2 涌现性 .222.2 多样性与非线性 .242.2.1 多样性 .252.2.2 非线性 .272.3 相关性与不确定性 .292.3.
2、1 相关性 .292.3.2 不确定性 .31第三章 大数据思维的意义 .363.1 大数据生态系统 .363.2 大数据安全 .393.3 大数据战略 .40结束语 .43参 考 文 献 .44攻读学位期间取得的研究成果 .47致 谢 .48ContentsChinse Abstract.IAbstract.IIIIntroduction .1Chapter 1 The raising of complexity as category.51.1 The background of the raising of the complexity as category .51.1.1 The h
3、istorical change of scientific research .51.1.2 The three theory which associates with complexity.61.2 The raising of complexity as category .91.3 Complexity related theory.10Chapter 2 The characteristics of complexity as category.132.1 Vagueness and determinism.132.1.1 Vagueness.132.1.2 Determinism
4、.152.2 Integrity and openness.192.2.1 Integrity .192.2.2 Openness .212.3 Objectivity and subjectivity .232.3.1 Objectivity.232.3.2 Subjectivity.252.4 Inheritance and transcendence .262.4.1 Inheritance.262.4.2 Transcendence.27Chapter 3 The significance of analysising complexity as category.343.1 The
5、part of the answer to “what is a complexity“ .343.2 The theory premise for clarifying the complexity thought .353.3 The theoretical foundation fot the complexity paradigm.353.4 The important methodology significance.35Conclusion.35References .35Research achievements .35Acknowledgment .35Personal pro
6、files .35Letter of commitment .35Authorization statement .35I中 文 摘 要进入二十一世纪，大数据时代已经向我们走来。随着电子计算机领域的迅猛发展，如今我们所处的信息时代正孕育着改变，互联网的大面积普及和使用给人类社会带来了空前的数据量，学界称之为大数据。国内外学术界已经开始关注大数据现象，并进行了许多讨论和研究，涉及哲学、社会学、经济学、计算机科学等广泛领域。但是，广泛讨论几乎集中于大数据技术、应用方向及相关影响，鲜有大数据思维的背景、特征及内涵研究，本论文将对此展开探析。本论文题目是“大数据思维探析” ，故文章将围绕大数据思维提出
7、、特征及意义进行梳理和探讨。在信息时代大发展的背景下展开问题探究，在前人已有的研究成果基础上展开哲学思考，在大数据思维实践中展开意义考察，并在文章中谨慎提出自己思考的新观点。本论文由三部分组成，分别是引言、三个章节以及结束语。引言对文章的选题背景、主旨提纲及深刻意义进行详细说明，重点介绍了文章各章节主要内容和观点。第一章对大数据思维的提出进行背景考察和概念考察。首先梳理人类历史上三次科技革命，从蒸汽机时代到电气内燃机时代，从电气内燃机时代到信息科技时代，人类的生产力经历着翻天覆地的巨大变化。之后介绍大数据概念，大数据的出现是计算机科学发展的必然，最后介绍大数据思维的提出，为第二章揭示大数据思维
8、特征打下基础。第二章对大数据思维的特征展开深入讨论。以国内外有关论文、著述为依托，重点阐释了大数据思维的三大特征：整体性与涌现性、多样性与非线性、相关性与不确定性。第三章在实践中对大数据思维的意义进行提炼。大数据思维把人们从旧的价值观、发展观中解脱出来，复杂技术涌现与科技进步促使人们开始从大数据思维视角正确理解世界。大数据思维在这个过程和趋势中，或将建立起人类整体、多样、相关、并行的新知识观。结束语从大数据思维的提出、大数据思维的特征和大数据思维的意义等三个方向做出简要总结，并指出了大数据思维的影响向更广泛领域进发的趋势。科学技术始终是推动人类历史前进的一种进步的、革命的力量，大数据思维产生于
9、当代人类科学技术研究的前沿，我们需要厘清大数据思维对科技与社会的辐射范围、影响程度，需要评价大数据思维在整个科技史中的地位、作用，更需要对大数据思维可能II引发的社会、伦理问题进行研判。关键词：大数据时代；大数据思维；特征；哲学意义IIIABSTRACTInto the 21st century, the era of big data coming to us. With the rapid development of the computer field, and now we live in the information age is pregnant with change, a
10、large area of Internet penetration and use of human society has brought an unprecedented amount of data, scholars called big data. Domestic and foreign academics have begun to focus on the big data phenomenon, and had a lot of discussion and study, involving a wide range of fields of philosophy, soc
11、iology, economics, computer science. However, extensive discussions focused almost entirely on big data technologies, applications and related impacts direction with little background thinking big data, characteristics and implications of research, this paper will have launched in China.The paper en
12、titled “Study on Thinking of Big Data,“ it thought the article will focus on large data presented, characteristics and significance to sort out and explore. In the context of large-scale development of the information age to start exploring the issue, based on previous research results expand on the
13、 existing philosophical thinking, expand Meaning in large data thinking practice, and in the article carefully put new ideas to think for themselves. The paper consists of three parts, namely the introduction, three chapters and a Conclusion.The introduction of the article background, outline and th
14、rust deep significance is described in detail, focusing on the main content of each chapter and article views.The first chapter raised thinking big data concept background investigation and inspection. First carding three technological revolution in the history of mankind, from the era of the steam
15、engine to the internal combustion engine, the electrical era, the era of the internal combustion engine from the electric age of information technology, human productivity undergoing enormous changes. Following the presentation of large data concept, big data is the inevitable development of compute
16、r science, thinking I IIVbig data presented. Finally in order to reveal the second chapter of thinking characteristic of large data basis.The article features a large data-depth discussion of thinking. To domestic and foreign papers, writings as the basis, the focus of the three characteristics of l
17、arge data interpretation thinking: integrity and the emergence of resistance, diversity and non-linear correlation with uncertainty.In practice mean to refine the data of thinking Big Data thinking the people freed from the old values, development concept out, the emergence of complex technical and
18、technological advances spurred start thinking from the perspective of proper understanding of the big data world. In the process of thinking big data and trends, or humanity as a whole will be established, diverse and relevant, parallel concept of new knowledge.Conclusion From the data presented thi
19、nking big, big data features three directions sense thinking and thinking and other big data to make a brief summary, and pointed out the influence of big data thought to the wider field of moving trend. Science and Technology is always advancing human history forward a progressive, revolutionary fo
20、rce, thinking big data generated in the forefront of contemporary research in science and technology human beings, we need to clarify the scope of Big Data thinking of radiation technology and society, the impact of the extent of the need to evaluate Big Data thinking position, role in the whole history of science and technology, but also the need for social and ethical issues that may arise thinking big data to study them.Key words：Big Data Era; Thinking of Big Data; Characteristics; Philosophical Significance
