1、 1 / 47环球外语在线（） 京城首家基于 2008 年新版职称英语教材的网络辅导课程全面上线地址:北京市海淀区中关村南大街甲 18 号北京国际 D 座 8 层 邮编:100081 E-mail:客服咨询热线：010-62126633 或 400-678-3456 转 601/602/604/605/607/608/609 传 真：010-62168398(直拨)2008 年职称英语等级考试教材理工类新增内容完整版第七篇 Moderate earthquake strikes EnglandModerate earthquake strikes England A moderate eart
2、hquake struck parts of southeast England on 28 April 2007, toppling chimneys from houses and rousing residents from their beds. Several thousand people were left without power1 in Kent County2. One woman suffered minor head and neck injuries.“It felt as if the whole house was being slid across like
3、a fun-fair ride3,“ said the woman.The British Geological Survey said the 4.3-magnitude quake4 struck at 8:19 a.m. and was centered under the English Channel5, about 8.5 miles south of Dover6 and near the entrance to the Channel Tunnel7.Witnesses said cracks appeared in walls and chimneys collapsed a
4、cross the county. Residents said the tremor had lasted for about 10 to 15 seconds.“I was lying in bed and it felt as if someone had just got up from bed next to me,“ said Hendrick van Eck, 27, of Canterbury8 about 60 miles southeast of London. “I then heard the sound of cracking, and it was getting
5、heavier and heavier9. It felt as if someone was at the end of my bed hopping up and down.“There are thousands of moderate quakes on this scale around the world each year, but they are rare in Britain. The April 28 quake was the strongest in Britain since 2002 when a 4. 8-magnitude quake struck the c
6、entral England city of Birmingham10.The countrys strongest earthquake took place in the North Sea in 1931, measuring 6.1 on the Richter scale11. British Geological Survey scientist Roger Musson said the quake took place on 28 April in an area that had seen several of the biggest earthquakes ever to
7、strike Britain, including one in 1580 that caused damage in London and was felt in France12. Musson predicted that it was only a matter of time13 before another earthquake struck this part of England. However, people should not be scared too mush by this prediction, Musson said, as the modern earthq
8、uake warning system of Britain should be able to detect a forthcoming quake and 2 / 47环球外语在线（） 京城首家基于 2008 年新版职称英语教材的网络辅导课程全面上线地址:北京市海淀区中关村南大街甲 18 号北京国际 D 座 8 层 邮编:100081 E-mail:客服咨询热线：010-62126633 或 400-678-3456 转 601/602/604/605/607/608/609 传 真：010-62168398(直拨)announce it several hours before it t
9、akes place. This would allow time for people to evacuate and reduce damage to the minimum. 词汇：moderate /AmAdArt/ adj. 中等的 magnitude /AmAntju:d/ n. 值，强度量topple /AtApl/ v. 倾倒，震倒rouse /rAz/ v. 唤醒tremor /AtremA/ n. 震动hop /hAp/ v. 齐足跳起fun-fair /AfAnAfeA/ n. 公共露天游乐场scale /skAl/ n. 震级forthcoming /AfA:AkAm/
10、 adj. 即 将 来 临 的 evacuate /AvkjuAt/ v. 疏散geological /AdAAAlAdAkAl/ adj. 地质的注释:1. power：电力2. Kent County：肯特郡位于英格兰东南部3. It felt as if the whole house was being slid across like a fun-fair ride：它(地震) 给人的感觉是整幢房子就像游乐场的滑行机一样在滑动。ride 是“游乐场供人玩乐的乘坐式的活动装置” 。as if 是 “好象一样；仿佛” ，例如：He treated me as if I were his
11、son. (他待我如同他的儿子一样。 ) 4. the 4.3-magnitude quake：里氏 4.3 级地震5. English Channel：英吉利海峡6. Dover：多佛尔英格兰东南部港市7. Channel Tunnel：海峡隧道。Channel Tunnel (常简称为 Chunnel) 是连接英法两国的海峡隧道。8. Canterbury：坎特伯雷英格兰东南部城市，中世纪时曾是宗教朝圣圣地9. it was getting heavier and heavier：爆裂声越来越响 10. Birmingham：伯明翰英格兰中部城市 11. the Richter scale
12、：里氏震级表。美国地震学家 Charles Francis Richter (1900-1985) 于1935 年制定了地震震级表。12. British Geological Survey scientist Roger Musson said the quake took place on 28 April in an area that had seen several of the biggest earthquakes ever to strike Britain, including one in 1580 that caused damage in London and was
13、felt in France：英国地质勘测所的科学家 Roger Musson 说，这次 4 月 28 日遭遇地震的地区就是经受过袭击英国最强烈的几次大地震的同一地区，其中的一次大地震发生在 1580 年，那次地震蹂躏了伦敦，巴黎也能感到它的震波。13. a matter of time：时间问题。又如：Its not a matter of money (这不是个钱的问题。)练习：1. During the April 28 earthquake, whole England was left without power. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
14、2. The Channel Tunnel was closed for 10 hours after the earthquake occurred.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned3. It was reported that one lady had got her head and neck injured, but not seriously.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned3 / 47环球外语在线（） 京城首家基于 2008 年新版职称英语教材的网络辅导课程全面上线地址:北京市海淀区中关村南大街甲 18 号北京
15、国际 D 座 8 层 邮编:100081 E-mail:客服咨询热线：010-62126633 或 400-678-3456 转 601/602/604/605/607/608/609 传 真：010-62168398(直拨)4. France and several other European countries sent their medical teams to work side by side with the British doctors.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned5. The countrys strongest earthquak
16、e took place in London .in 1580.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned6. Musson predicted that another earthquake would occur in southeast England sooner or later. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned7. It can be inferred from the passage that England is rarely hit by high magnitude earthquakes.A. Right B
17、. Wrong C. Not mentioned答案与题解：1. B 题句说 2007 年 4 月 28 日的地震致使全英格兰都停电，与短文第一段第一句表达的内容不符。短文说地震殃及英格兰东南部的肯特郡部分地区，电力中断，几千名居民无电可用。所以，题句是错误的，答案为 B。2. C 本题所说的意思是：地震发生后，海峡隧道关闭了 10 小时。题句表达的内容短文中找不到，故答案为 C。3. A 题句的意思是：地震中一个妇女的头部和颈部受了点轻伤。题句表达的意思与第一段第一句表达的内容相符。所以选项 A 是答案。4. C 题句表达的意思是：法国和其他几个欧洲国家派遣他们的医疗队去英国与当地的医生并肩
18、工作。这一内容短文中找不到，故答案为 C。5. B 题句所说的英国最强烈的地震于 1580 年发生在伦敦，这与短文表述的事实不符。短文第七段第一句明白无误地说，英国最强烈的地震于 1931 年发生在北海。题句表达的信息是错误的，故答案为 B。6. A 题句说 Musson 预言在英格兰东南部迟早将发生另一次地震。这一说法与短文最后一段第三句所表达的意思相符。短文中说，另一次地震将袭击英格兰东南部，这只是个时间问题。所以答案是 A。7. A 短文第六段第一句说，全球每年发生强度为里氏 4 级左右的地震有几千次，但是这种中等强度的地震英格兰很少发生。据此，读者可以容易地推断出，高震级的地震在英格兰
19、就更少见了。 第十篇 Irish Dolphins may have a unique dialect Irish scientists monitoring dolphins living in a river estuary in the southwest of the country believe they may have developed a unique dialect to communicate with each other. The Shannon Dolphin and Wildlife Foundation (SDWF)1 has been studying a
20、group of up to 4 / 47环球外语在线（） 京城首家基于 2008 年新版职称英语教材的网络辅导课程全面上线地址:北京市海淀区中关村南大街甲 18 号北京国际 D 座 8 层 邮编:100081 E-mail:客服咨询热线：010-62126633 或 400-678-3456 转 601/602/604/605/607/608/609 传 真：010-62168398(直拨)120 bottle-nose dolphins in the River Shannon2 using vocalisations collected on a computer in a cow sh
21、ed3 near the River Shannon.As part of a research project, student Ronan Hickey digitised and analysed a total of 1,882 whistles from the Irish dolphins and those4 from the Welsh dolphins on a computer and separated them into six fundamental whistle types and 32 different categories5. Of the categori
22、es, he found most6 were used by both sets of dolphins7 - but eight were only heard from the Irish dolphins.“We are building up a catalogue of the different whistle types they use and trying to associate them with behaviour like foraging, resting, socialising and the communications of groups with cal
23、ves,“ project leader Simon Berrow said. “Essentially we are building up what is like a dictionary of words they use or sounds they make.“Berrow, a marine biologist, said the dolphins clicks are used to find their way around and locate prey. The whistles are communications. “They do a whole range of
24、other sounds like barks, groans and a kind of gunshot,“ he said. “The gunshot is an intense pulse of sound. Sperm whales use it to stun their prey.“When I first heard it I was surprised as I thought sperm whales were the only species who used it. We can speculate the dolphins are using it for the sa
25、me reason as the sperm whales,“ Berrow said.References8 in local legend indicate there have been dolphins in the Shannon estuary for generations and they may even have been resident there as far back as the 6th century9. They are regularly seen by passengers on the Shannon ferry and an estimated 25,
26、000 tourists every year take special sightseeing tours on local boats to visit them.词汇：Irish /AaArA/ adj. 爱尔兰的 socialise /AsAAAlaz/ v. 社交，交往dolphin /AdAlfn/ n.海豚bottle-nose dolphin 宽吻海豚sperm whale 巨头鲸click /klk/ n. 咔哒声，喀嚓声estuary /AestjuAr/ n. 河口，江口vocalisation /AvAkAlaAzAAAn/ n. 发声shed/Aed/ n. 小屋，棚
27、digitalise /AdAAtAlaz / v. 使数字化whistle /A(h)wsl/ n. 啸声forage /AfArAA/ v. 搜寻（食物）prey /pre/ n. 被 捕 食 的 动 物gunshot /AAAnAAt/ n. 射击声groan /ArAn/ n. 呻吟，叹息pulse /pAls/ n. 脉冲stun /stAn/ v. 击昏注释:5 / 47环球外语在线（） 京城首家基于 2008 年新版职称英语教材的网络辅导课程全面上线地址:北京市海淀区中关村南大街甲 18 号北京国际 D 座 8 层 邮编:100081 E-mail:客服咨询热线：010-6212
28、6633 或 400-678-3456 转 601/602/604/605/607/608/609 传 真：010-62168398(直拨)1. The Shannon Dolphin and Wildlife Foundation (SDWF): 香农海豚与野生生物基金会。2. the Shannon River：香农河 位于爱尔兰共和国的中西部3. cow shed: 牛棚4. those 指代前半句的 whistles。5. Ronan Hickeyseparated them into six fundamental whistle types and 32 different cat
29、egories： Ronan Hickey 将啸声划分为 6 大类 32 种6. most = most categories7. both sets of dolphins 是指 the Irish dolphins 和 the Welsh dolphins。8. References in local legend:：当地传说中的有关说法9. they may even have been resident there as far back as the 6th century：海豚可能早在公元 6 世纪就在香农河河口繁衍生息， resident 是形容词，意思是 “居住的” 。练习：1
30、. The difference in eating habits between the bottle-nose dolphins and the sperm whales interested the SDWF scientists. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned2. Ronan Hickey analysed almost 2000 different dialects of the bottle-nose dolphins. .A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned3. Of the 32 categories, e
31、ight were produced only by the Irish dolphins.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned4. Whistles could also be used to communicate between adult dolphins and baby dolphins.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned5. Sperm whales can produce stronger ultrasonic waves to kill their prey than dolphins.A. Right B.
32、Wrong C. Not mentioned6. As early as the 6th century, Irish fishermen started raising dolphins in the Shannon estuary. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned7. Irish dolphins attract tourists and over 25,000 people come to see them every year. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned.答案与题解：1. C 本题所说的意思是宽吻海豚与巨
33、头鲸进食习惯上大相径庭，这一点令科学家很感兴趣。题句表达的内容短文中找不到，故答案为 C。2. B 题句的意思是： Ronan Hickey 分析了爱尔兰海豚发出的近 2000 种不同的方言。这句话与短文中叙述的意思不符。第三段第一句说： Ronan Hickey 分析了爱尔兰海豚和威尔士海豚(不仅仅是爱尔兰海豚 )发出的近 2000 种不同的啸声(不是方言) 。所以，本题选项 B 是答案。3. A 题句表达的意思与第三段第二句所述的内容相符。32 种啸声中有 8 种是爱尔兰海豚独有的。所以答案是 A。6 / 47环球外语在线（） 京城首家基于 2008 年新版职称英语教材的网络辅导课程全面上
34、线地址:北京市海淀区中关村南大街甲 18 号北京国际 D 座 8 层 邮编:100081 E-mail:客服咨询热线：010-62126633 或 400-678-3456 转 601/602/604/605/607/608/609 传 真：010-62168398(直拨)4. A 短文第四段第一句说科学家正在设法将啸声与海豚的行为特性联系起来，其中也包括成年海豚与小海豚之间的联络这一行为。题句的意思与原句的意思相符，所以答案是 A。5. C 本题所说的意思是鲸鱼能发出比海豚更强烈的超声波去杀死猎物。题句表达的内容短文中找不到，故答案为 C。6. B 短文第五段说的是，早在公元 6 世纪海豚就
35、在香农 河河口繁衍生息，而没有说早在公元 6 世纪渔民开始在香农 河河口养殖海豚。题句的意思与文章的意思不符，所以答案是 B。7. A 题句表达的意思与最后一段的意思相符。原文说大约每年有 25000 名游客专程到此乘坐当地的小船观看海豚.。所以答案是 A。 7 / 47环球外语在线（） 京城首家基于 2008 年新版职称英语教材的网络辅导课程全面上线地址:北京市海淀区中关村南大街甲 18 号北京国际 D 座 8 层 邮编:100081 E-mail:客服咨询热线：010-62126633 或 400-678-3456 转 601/602/604/605/607/608/609 传 真：010
36、-62168398(直拨)1. Electric Backpack (C 级)（替换 2007 年用书理工类阅读理解第二篇：Will Quality Eat up the US Lead in Software? ）Backpacks are convenient. They can hold your books, your lunch, and a change of clothes, leaving your hands free to do other things. Someday, if you dont mind carrying a heavy load, your backp
37、acks might also power your MP31 player, keep your cell phone running, and maybe even light your way home.Lawrence C. Rome and his colleagues from the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia2 and the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole3, Mass. 4, have invented a backpack that makes electric
38、ity from energy produced while its wearer walks. In military actions, search-and-rescue operations, and scientific field studies, people rely increasingly on cell phones, global positioning system (GPS)5 receivers, night-vision goggles, and other battery-powered devices to get around and do their wo
39、rk. The backpacks electricity-generating feature could dramatically reduce the amount of a wearers load now devoted to spare batteries, report Rome and his colleagues in the Sept. 9 Science6.The backpacks electricity-creating powers depend on springs used to hang a cloth pack from its metal frame. T
40、he frame sits against the wearers back, and the whole pack moves up and down as the person walks. A gear mechanism converts vertical movements of the pack to rotary motions of an electrical generator, producing up to 7.4 watts.Unexpectedly, tests showed that wearers of the new backpack alter their g
41、aits in response to the packs oscillations, so that they carry loads more comfortably and with less effort than they do ordinary backpacks. Because of that surprising advantage, Rome plans to commercialize both electric and non-electric versions of the backpack.The backpack could be especially usefu
42、l for soldiers, scientists, mountaineers, and emergency workers who typically carry heavy backpacks. For the rest of us, power-generating backpacks could make it possible to walk, play video games, watch TV, and listen to music, all at the same time. Electricity-generating packs arent on the market
43、yet, but if you do get one eventually, just make sure to look both ways before crossing the street! 词汇：backpack /Abkpk/ n.背包 watt /wAt/ n. 瓦（特）receiver /rAsiAvA/ n. 接收机 gait /Aet/ n. 步态，步法night-vision goggle 夜视镜 oscillation /AAsAleAAn/ n. 摆动spring /pr/ n. 弹簧 commercialize /kAAmAAAAlaz/ v. 商业化vertica
44、l /AvAAkAl/ adj. 垂直的 mountaineer /AmantAnA/ n. 登山运动8 / 47环球外语在线（） 京城首家基于 2008 年新版职称英语教材的网络辅导课程全面上线地址:北京市海淀区中关村南大街甲 18 号北京国际 D 座 8 层 邮编:100081 E-mail:客服咨询热线：010-62126633 或 400-678-3456 转 601/602/604/605/607/608/609 传 真：010-62168398(直拨)员rotary /ArAtAr/ adj. 旋转的注释：1. MP3 ：Internet 上最流行的音乐格式，最早起源于 1987
45、年德国一家公司的 EU147 数字传输计划，它利用 MPEGAudioLayer3 的技术，将声音文件用 112 左右的压缩率压缩，变成容量较小的音乐文件，使传输和储存更为便捷，更利于互联网用户在网上试听或下载到个人计算机。2. Philadelphia：费城美国宾夕法尼亚州东南部港市3. Woods Hole：美国马萨诸塞州的一个渔村，也是许多重要研究机构所在地，如： the Marine Biological Laboratory, the Sea Education Association 以及 the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution,4. Ma
46、ss.：Massachusetts 的缩写：马萨诸塞州，美国东北部的一个州。5. global positioning system (GPS)： 全球定位系统6. Science：美国的 Science 杂志为国际上著名的自然科学综合类学术期刊，在世界学术界享有盛誉。 Science 杂志创刊于 1880 年，该杂志具有新闻杂志和学术期刊的双重特点，每周除向世界各地发布有关科学技术和科技政策的重要新闻外，还发表全球科技研究最显著突破的研究论文和报告。练习：1. Backpacks are convenient becauseA) they can be very largeB) they c
47、an hold as many things as you want to carry.C) your hands are freed to do other things.D) you do not have to carry things with you. 2. What is the most important feature of the backpack invented by Lawrence C. Rome and his colleagues?A) It produces electricity for electronic devices while the wearer
48、 walks. B) It can be used as cell phones, GPS in the military actions or field studies. C) It is small and convenient. D) It is light and easy to carry. 3. The word “springs” in Paragraph 3 meansA) a small stream of water flowing naturally from the earth.B) the season of the year, occurring between winter and summer.C) the act or an instance of jumping or leaping. D) a length of metal wound around, which returns to its original sha
