1、本科毕业论文（20_届）THECOMPARATIVESTUDYINTERNATIONALCOMPETITIVEBETWEENCHINAANDINDIA所在学院专业班级英语学生姓名学号指导教师职称完成日期年月ABSTRACTMYPAPERISFOCUSEDONTHECOMPETITIONBETWEENDEVELOPINGCOUNTRIESCHINAANDINDIAIWILLTALKABOUTSOMEBASICINFORMATION,LIKEECONOMY,INTERNATIONALCOOPERATIONANDINTERNATIONALINVESTMENTINCHINAANDINDIA,WHICH
2、HASBROUGHTSOMEECONOMICPROBLEMSASWELLALSO,IWILLGIVEMYOWNOPINIONONWHATITHINKABOUTTHISECONOMICPHENOMENONTHROUGHTHISPAPER,IAMGOINGTOTALKABOUTTHEECONOMYOFCHINAANDINDIA,THEHISTORYOFECONOMYINEACHCOUNTRY,SOMEGOVERNMENTPOLICIES,ANDWHATPEOPLECANDOTOCREATEABETTERWAYFORCOMPETITIONTHEPURPOSEOFTHISPAPERCONCLUDEST
3、HATITISVERYIMPORTANTTOHAVECOOPERATIONBETWEENCHINAANDINDIAINORDERTODEVELOPBOTHCOUNTRIESECONOMIESKEYWORDSINDIA,CHINA,POLITY,ECONOMY,INTERNATIONALTRADE,RECOMMENDATION目录INTRODUCTION3POLITICAL4ECONOMIC6SOCIAL8EXTERNALENVIRONMENT13RECOMMENDATON13REFERENCELIST18THANKS19INTRODUCTIONINGLOBALMARKET,THESIZESOF
4、THEMARKETSDEPENDONHOWLARGEANDHOWRICHTHEGROUPISFOREXAMPLE,WHENACOMPANYLAUNCHESAPRODUCT,THERESULTINGSUCCESSDEPENDSONHOWMANYPEOPLEWILLBUYPRODUCTSANDHOWMUCHMONEYTHEYWILLPAYFORTHEMUSEDTHISWAY,WECANEASILYFINDTHEUNITEDSTATESISTHEMOSTPOWERFULANDINFLUENTIALMARKETBECAUSEOFTHEPOPULATIONANDPURCHASEABILITYOFWEST
5、ERNEUROPEANCOUNTRIES,ANDJAPAN,KOREA,AUSTRALIA,ANDSOONTHESECOUNTRIESALSOHAVESEENLARGECOMPETITIONMARKETBUTMOSTCOMPANIESNEEDFIGUREOUTAPROBLEMTHEYSHAREFORTHESECOUNTRIES,THEMARKETSARERESTRICTEDEVENTHOUGHTHESEMARKETSPOPULATIONANDINCOMEHAVESLOWLYINCREASED,THEYARESTILLKINDOFLIMITEDALSOTHEINDUSTRYWILLFACEREA
6、LLYSTRICTCOMPETITIONTHEBESTWAYTOEXPENDTHEIRPROFITANDMARKETSHAREISTOFINDANEWMARKETOFCOURSE,AFTEREASYCALCULATIONSWITHTHEPOPULATIONANDPURCHASEPOWERFORMANYNEWECONOMICMARKETS,CHINAANDINDIASTANDOUTTHESETWOCOUNTRIESHAVEASIMILARSITUATIONBOTHOFTHEMHAVEALOTOFLAND,WHICHCANCONNECTFROMEASTASIATOSOUTHASIABOTHOFTH
7、EMHAVEBIGPOPULATIONSRIGHTNOW,CHINAHAS13BILLIONPEOPLEANDINDIAHAS11BILLIONBYPOPULATION,THESETWOCOUNTRIESARETHELARGESTINTHEWORLDBOTHOFTHEMHAVEAWIDEVARIETYOFRICHRESOURCESANDARESTILLDEVELOPINGCOUNTRIESALLOFTHISINFORMATIONPROVESTHATCHINAANDINDIAWILLHAVETHESAMEPERIODOFOPPORTUNITYTODEVELOPMENTANDALSOHAVEDIF
8、FERENTWAYSTOREACHTHESEGOALSTHECOMPETITIONBETWEENCHINAANDINDIALOOKSLIKEISUNAVOIDABLENOWBASEDONTHEBASICINFORMATIONFROMBOTHCOUNTRIES,PEOPLECANNARROWDOWNITANDCOMPAREPOLITICAL,ECONOMIC,SOCIALANDEXTERNALENVIRONMENT,ANDSEPARATETHESEFACTORSINORDERTOFINDTHEBESTWAYTOPEACEFULDEVELOPMENTPOLITICALPOLITICSISTHEFI
9、RSTPROBLEMWENEEDDISCUSSED,BECAUSEITISTHEBASICCOMPONENTOFACOUNTRYTHECHANGESOFGOVERNMENTPOLICYWILLDIRECTAFFECTTHEECONOMICDEVELOPMENTADIFFERENTPOLITICALSYSTEMCANMAKEDIFFERENTKINDSOFBUSINESSSTYLEHOWTOOPERATEACOMPANYUNDERTHATPOLITICALSYSTEMCANDECIDEHOWTHEYOPENTHEIRMARKETANDMAKELAWSANDREGULATIONSFORINDIA,
10、ACCORDINGTOWIKIPEDIA,“INDIAISASOVEREIGNSOCIALISTSECULARDEMOCRATICREPUBLICINDIAISTHELARGESTSTATEBYPOPULATIONWITHADEMOCRATICALLYELECTEDGOVERNMENTLIKETHEUNITEDSTATES,INDIAHASAFEDERALFORMGOVERNMENT,HOWEVER,SOMEREGIONALPARTIES,ESPECIALLYINSOUTHINDIA,AREDEEPLYALIGNEDTOTHEIDEOLOGIESOFTHEREGIONUNLIKETHENATI
11、ONALPARTIESANDTHUSTHERELATIONSHIPBETWEENTHECENTRALGOVERNMENTANDTHESTATEGOVERNMENTINVARIOUSSTATESHASNOTALWAYSBEENFREEOFRANCORDISPARITYBETWEENTHEIDEOLOGIESOFTHEPOLITICALPARTIESRULINGTHECENTREANDTHESTATELEADSTOSEVERELYSKEWEDALLOCATIONOFRESOURCESBETWEENTHESTATESWIKIPEDIA,POLITICALOFINDIA”LIKETHEARTICLES
12、AID,THEPOLITICALSYSTEMOFINDIAISCLOSETOWESTERNIZEDSOCIETYTHEYHAVETHEIROWNDEMOCRATICELECTORALSYSTEMWHERETHEVOTERCANSHOWTHEIRPOLITICALOPINIONDIRECTLYASAFEDERALSTATECONSTITUTEDBYANUMBEROFMEMBERSOFTHECOUNTRY,THEGOVERNMENTSAREALWAYSCONTROLLEDBYCOALITIONGOVERNMENTTHISSITUATIONMAKESTHECOUNTRYPOLITICALLYUNST
13、ABLEDIFFERENTSTATESHAVETHEIRRIGHTTOMAKELAWSIFFOREIGNCOMPANIESWANTTOENTERTHISMARKET,THEPOLITICALPROBLEMWILLSMORECOMPLEXFORCHINA,“POLITICALSYSTEMOFCHINAREFERSTOTHEPOLITICALSTRUCTURE,FUNDAMENTALLAWS,RULESANDREGULATIONANDPRACTICESTHATAREIMPLEMENTEDINMAINLANDCHINA,ANDWHICHCONTROLTHESTATEPOWER,GOVERNMENT,
14、ANDTHERELATIONSHIPSBETWEENTHESTATEANDSOCIETYTHECOUNTRYISRUNBYTHECOMMUNISTPARTYOFCHINA,WHICHISGUARANTEEDPOWERBYTHECONSTITUTIONTHEPOLITICALSYSTEMISMUCHDECENTRALIZEDWITHLIMITEDDEMOCRATICPROCESSESINTERNALTOTHEPARTYANDATLOCALVILLAGELEVELSWIKIPEDIA,PEOPLESREPUBLICOFCHINA,POLITICS,2010”AFTERTHE1980S,CHINAT
15、RIEDTOOPENTHEIRCLOSEDDOORS,WHICHTHEYCLOSEDMORETHANTHOUSANDSOFYEARAGOTHEGOVERNMENTHASTRIEDTOMAKEABIGMOVETOPUSHECONOMICDEVELOPMENTBECAUSEOFTHESPECIALPOLITICALSYSTEMINCHINA,THENEWMARKETNEEDSENOUGHTIMETOLEARNHOWTOFENDOFFTHEIMPACTOFINTERNATIONALFINANCIALCRISIS,SOTHEGOVERNMENTSTILLNEEDSGUIDEDTOPOSITIVELYA
16、FFECTTHEMARKETEVENTHEGOVERNMENTSTILLHOLDSSOMECOREINDUSTRY,LIKETHEOIL,MOBILE,ELECTRONICANDSOON,BUTTHECHINESEMARKETHASMOREANDMOREFREEDOM,ANDITISUNDENIABLETHELIBERALIZATIONOFECONOMYNOWISSINKINGDEEPINTOTHEHEARTSOFTHEPEOPLEINCHINA,ANDITMAKESREMARKABLEPROGRESSFROMANENCLOSEDCOUNTRYTOTHEWORLDSSECONDLARGESTE
17、CONOMY,ITHASALOTOFPROBLEMSTHATNEEDTOBERESOLVEDANDFACED,ESPECIALLYTHECORRUPTIONPROBLEMTHECORRUPTIONSURVIVEDBYTHELEGALSYSTEMSISINCOMPLETEANDSOUNDBECAUSEOFTHEBIGINFLUENCEOFGOVERNMENT,SOMETIMESTHEPOWERWILLBEHELDBYGOVERNMENTOFFICIALSTHECORRUPTIONISKINDOFNORMALINCHINAIREMEMBERWHENITOOK“INTERNATIONALBUSINE
18、SS”CLASSATPSU,THEINSTRUCTORSAIDIFSOMEBODYWANTEDTOMAKEBUSINESSINCHINA,THEYWOULDHAVETOKNOWWHAT“GUANXI”ISITOTALLYAGREEWITHTHAT“GUANXI”MEANSTHERELATIONSHIPBETWEENPEOPLEPARTICULARLYREFERINPARTICULARTOMAKETHEPROFITEXCHANGESOMEPEOPLEBELIEVETHATTHERELATIONSHIPBETWEENGOVERNMENTOFFICIALSANDBUSINESSMENISCORRUP
19、TITIS,INSTEAD,ARELATIONSHIPBUILTONTRUSTANEXAMPLEWOULDBETHAT,YOUGIVEMEWHATIWANT,ANDIWILLGIVEWHATYOUWANTMUTUALBENEFITANDRECIPROCITYSO,IFTHEGOVERNMENTWANTSTOKEEPTHECOUNTRYECONOMYDEVELOPINGANDHAVEALONGANDPEACEFULREIGN,THEYSTILLHAVEALONGWAYTOGOECONOMICTHEECONOMYAFFECTSBUSINESSINMANYWAYS,LIKETHEBASICECONO
20、MICSTYLECANDECIDEWHATKINDOFBUSINESSNEEDSTOMAKEADJUSTMENTSALSOWECANFINDTHEDIFFERENCEBETWEENCHINAANDINDIAFROMAGRICULTURE,MARKET,INDUSTRY,ANDFINANCEAGRICULTUREISABASICFACTOROFTHEECONOMYBOTHCOUNTRIESHAVEAHUGEPOPULATIONBEFORESUCCESSFULDEVELOPMENT,THEMOSTIMPORTANTTHINGISTOENSURETHESECURITYOFFOODIDONOTTHIN
21、KANYARTICLECANRIVETTHEIRATTENTIONONTHEIRWORKIFTHEYDIDNOTHAVEENOUGHFOODTOFEEDTHEMSELVESEVERYCOUNTRYHASTOMAKESURETHEIRFOODSUPPLYISSAFELYCONTROLLED,ESPECIALLYFORCHINAANDINDIA,ONETHIRDOFTHEWORLDSPOPULATIONCOMEFROMAGAINSTTHECOUNTRIESWHICHHAVEABOUNTIFULSUPPLYOFFOOD,CHINAANDINDIANEEDMAKEALOTOFWORKLIKEDEVEL
22、OPTHEAGRICULTURALTECHNIQUES,EXTENSIVEMECHANIZEDMACHINES,ANDENSURETHEFARMERSINCOMELIKETHEPOLITICALSYSTEMWEDISCUSSED,THEFREEMARKETISDEPENDINGONTHEPOLITICALSYSTEM,ACCORDINGTO“MAPSOFINDIA”,“INSPITEOFBEINGASOCIALISTCOUNTRY,CHINASTARTEDTOWARDSTHELIBERALIZATIONOFITSMARKETECONOMYMUCHBEFOREINDIATHISSTRENGTHE
23、NEDTHEECONOMYTOAGREATEXTENTONTHEOTHERHAND,INDIAWASVERYSLOWINEMBRACINGGLOBALIZATIONANDOPENMARKETECONOMIESWHILEINDIASLIBERALIZATIONPOLICIESSTARTEDINTHE1990SCHINAWELCOMEDFOREIGNDIRECTINVESTMENTANDPRIVATEINVESTMENTINTHEMID1980STHISMAKESASIGNIFICANTCHANGEINITSECONOMYANDTHEGDPINCREASEDCONSIDERABLY2010”RIG
24、HTNOWTHEPLANNINGECONOMYSTILLEXISTSINCHINAWECALLITTHEFIVEYEARPROGRAMTHEGOVERNMENTUSESTHISTOMAKEALONGTIMESTRATEGYONMAJORINFRASTRUCTUREPROJECTBUILDINGBECAUSEOFCENTRALIZATIONTHEBUDGETANDPLANWILLCROSSCONGRESSWITHOUTAHITCHININDIA,SOMEOFTHESTATESARESTILLNOTOPENANDLEADBYRELIGION,BUTINTHESOUTHERNPARTOFINDIA,
25、THEYHAVEALREADYBUILTMANYFREEMARKETDISTRICTSFORIMPORTANDEXPORT,MOSTOFPEOPLEKNOWCHINAANDINDIAHAVEABIGADVANTAGEONMASSMANUFACTUREPRIMARYPRODUCTSBECAUSEOFCHEAPLABORANDRAWMATERIALITWASREALLYFUNNYWHENIFIRSTCAMETOTHEUNITEDSTATESTOSTUDYIFOUNDMOSTOFTHEPRODUCTSINWALMARTAREMADEINCHINAITSURPRISEDMEANDIDIDNOTKNOW
26、THISBEFORENOTONLYTHECLOTHES,BUTALSOIPOD,TV,STATIONERY,THESEPRODUCTSALLCAMEFROMCHINAALSOWHENIWENTBACKTOCHINA,MYFRIENDSASKEDMETOBRINGSOMEGIFT,BUTEVERYTHINGINTHEUSCAMEFROMCHINATHEGREATIRONYISTHATNOWIPAIDAHIGHERPRICETOPURCHASETHESETHINGSINAMERICATHANIWOULDHAVETOBUYTHEMATHOME,ANDALLOFTHEMCAMEFROMSAMEPLAC
27、ETOSUPPORTTHISHUGEPRODUCTION,CHINANEEDSMANYCHEAPLABORSWORKINFACTORY,CONSUMABLERESOURCE,WHICHMAKESPOLLUTIONAPROBLEMWHATCHINAEMPLOYEESGETASWAGESISVERYLOWFOREXAMPLE,APRODUCTWHICHSELLSFORONEHUNDREDDOLLARSINTHEUNITEDSTATESWILLONLYPROVIDEONEDOLLARFORTHECHINAWORKERTHATMAKESITALSOTHISISTHEREASONWHYCHINAHASA
28、BIGVALUEOFIMPORTANDEXPORTANDALREADYBECOMETHEWORLDSSECONDBIGGESTIMPORTANDEXPORTCOUNTRY,BUTHASNOTEARNEDAREASONABLEPROFITFROMITMANYCOUNTRIESFACECHALLENGESONSOFTWAREDESIGNANDMAKINGCOMPUTERSANDELECTRONICS,BUTITDOESNOTSEEMTOBEAPROBLEMININDIAACCORDINGTO“ENGINEERINGININDIA”BYRAJABAHADURVARCOT,“TODAYINDIAHAS
29、ABOUT3,500ENGINEERINGCOLLEGES,WITHOVER450,000ENGINEERSGRADUATINGEVERYYEARTHESENUMBERSAREMOREIMPRESSIVEWHENVIEWEDINTHECONTEXTOFNATIONALECONOMIESINDIAISONLYA1TRILLIONECONOMY,WHEREASTHEUSAND132TRILLIONAND23TRILLIONECONOMIES,RESPECTIVELYBUTANNUALLYTHEUSANDUKONLYGRADUATEAROUND60,000AND25,000ENGINEERS,RES
30、PECTIVELYWHERETHENUMBEROFENGINEERSGRADUATINGANDSPECIALIZING,ALMOST30OFENGINEERINGSTUDENTSTHERETAKECOURSESTHATLEADTODEGREESINELECTRONICS,COMMUNICATION,ORCOMPUTERS2010”WHYCANENGINEERINGINDUSTRYCANHAVETHISSUCCESSANDADVANTAGEANDCANSTANDOUTFROMOTHERINDUSTRYWHICHARESTILLGOINGHEAVYININDIALIKEWETALKEDABOUTO
31、NEDUCATION,THEINDIAGOVERNMENTESTABLISHESPOLICYTOSUPPORTHIGHQUALITYEDUCATIONONSOFTWAREINDUSTRYHIGHSALARIESANDHIGHDEMANDSFOREMPLOYEESAREALREADYENOUGHTOATTRACTSTUDENTSINTERESTALSOENGLISHISONEOFTHEOFFICIALLANGUAGESOFINDIA,SOINDIASTUDENTSALREADYHAVEABIGADVANTAGEOVERSTUDENTSFROMCOUNTRIESWHICHENGLISHISNOTV
32、ERYPOPULARSOCIALLIKEPOPULATION,EDUCATION,EMPLOYMENTANDPOLLUTIONOFENVIRONMENT,SOCIALPROBLEMSCANALSOINFLUENCETHEECONOMYFIRSTOFALL,LETSLOOKATTHEPOPULATIONPROBLEMLIKEWHATWETALKEDABOUTABOVE,CHINAANDINDIAARETHETWOLARGESTCOUNTRIESOFTHEWORLD,BUTTHEYFACEDIFFERENTPOPULATIONSTATUSANDCONTROLPOLICYACCORDINGTO“IN
33、DIASPOPULATION”BYMATTROSENBERG,“POPULATIONPROJECTIONFORINDIAANTICIPATESTHATTHECOUNTRYSPOPULATIONWILLREACH15TO18BILLIONBY2050WHILEONLYTHEPOPULATIONREFERENCEBUREAUHASPUBLISHEDPROJECTIONSOUTTO2100,THEYEXPECTINDIASPOPULATIONATTHECLOSEOFTHETWENTYFIRSTCENTURYTOREACH1853TO2181BILLIONTHUS,INDIAISEXPECTEDTOB
34、ECOMETHEFIRSTANDONLYCOUNTRYONTHEPLANETTHANWILLEVERREACHAPOPULATIONOFMORETHAN2BILLIONRECALLTHATCHINASPOPULATIONISLIKELYTODROPAFTERREACHINGAPEAKOFMORETHAN146BILLIONIN2030ANDTHEUSISNTLIKELYTOSEEABILLION”JUL27,2009WECANSEENOWTHEINDIANPOPULATIONKEEPSGROWINGANDALREADYHASBECOMEABURDENTOSOCIETYTHEGOVERNMENT
35、MAYGIVEOUTSOMELIMITEDRULETOREDUCEPOPULATIONGROWTHRATEDIFFERENTWITHCHINA,EVENITHASTHEBIGGESTPOPULATIONRIGHTNOW,BUTTHEGROWTHRATEALREADYDROPSLOWERTHANONEFORMYPERSONALEXPERIENCE,AFTERTHEGOVERNMENTMADETHELAWTOREGULATEEVERYCOUPLESNUMBEROFCHILDRENINTHE1980STHEPOPULATIONGROWTHRATEBEGANTODECLINENOWTHEPROBLEM
36、THATCHINAFACESISEVENTHEBASICCOUNTINGUNITOFPOPULATIONOFCHINAISHUGE,BUTTHEPOPULATIONSAGINGISALSOAPROBLEMTHATALREADYWORRIESTHEGOVERNMENT,JUSTTHESAMEASWHATHAPPENEDACROSSTHERICHWORLDSECOND,WEWILLLOOKATEDUCATIONBOTHCHINAANDINDIAHAVEANUMBRELLAEDUCATIONORGANIZATIONBECAUSEOFTHEHUGEPOPULATIONTHEEDUCATIONISSUE
37、SEEMSTOBETHEROOTOFTHECOUNTRYSFUTUREWITHOUTCONTINUOUSEDUCATIONFORCHILDREN,THEFUTUREOFTHECOUNTRYISNOTVERYBRIGHTSO,THESOCIETYNEEDSTOPAYATTENTIONTOEDUCATION,BOTHINCHINAANDINDIAIKNOWEVERYYEARINCHINAABIGEVENTISCOLLEGEENTRANCEEXAMINATIONBECAUSEOFTHEHUGEPOPULATIONANDTHELIMITEDSUPPLYOFHIGHQUALITYEDUCATION,NO
38、TEVERYBODYCANGOTOTHEFIRSTCLASSSCHOOLTHETESTSEEMSTOBETHEMOSTREASONABLEWAYTOMAKESUREEVERYBODYHASAFAIROPPORTUNITYFORMOSTOFCHINESESTUDENTS,THISTESTWILLDECIDEHOWTHEIRFUTUREWILLBEIFTHEYCANGETAHIGHSCOREONTHETESTANDGOTOAGOODCOLLEGE,HALFOFTHESUCCESSISATHAND,THEOPPOSITEISALSOTRUEUSUALLY,STUDENTSWILLBECOMEWHOL
39、EDAYSTUDENTSWHENTHEYAREINPRIMARYSCHOOLSTUDYANDLIVETOGETHERINSCHOOLEXCEPTFORWEEKENDSTHEONLYTHINGTHEYNEEDTODOISSTUDY,FROM700AMTO1100PMEVENPUTTINGSUCHALARGEAMOUNTOFTIMEINTOSTUDYINGISNOTENOUGHBECAMEOFTHELARGEAMOUNTOFCOMPETITIONIFPEOPLEPASSTHATEXAMANDGOTOAGOODUNIVERSITY,THEFUTUREWILLBEBRIGHTOTHERWISE,ALL
40、OFTHEIREFFORTSWEREFRUITLESSTHEPURPOSEOFTHISKINDOFEXAMSYSTEMISTOTRYTOFINDTOPQUALITYSTUDENTSANDTRAINTHEMTOBECOMEMOREPROFESSIONALALSO,EVERYYEARCHINAANDINDIAWILLSENDTHOUSANDSOFSTUDENTSTOOTHERCOUNTRIESTOSTUDY,ESPECIALLYINUNITESSTATES,ENGLAND,ANDAUSTRALIAITLOOKSLIKEINDIANSTUDENTSHAVEABETTERABILITYFORTHIS,
41、BECAUSEOFTHEIRLANGUAGEABILITYMOSTCHINESESTUDENTSNEEDLANGUAGETRAININGFORALONGTIMEBEFORETHEYGOABROADALSOONTHEUNEMPLOYMENTPROBLEM,EVENCHINAANDINDIAWILLPROVIDEMILLIONSOFWORKPOSITIONSEVERYYEAR,BUTITSTILLCANNOTMEETTHENEEDSOFTHEHUGEOFAMOUNTUNEMPLOYEDPEOPLEALARGENUMBEROFEDUCATEDANDUNEDUCATEDPEOPLE,WHOARETRY
42、INGTOFINDJOBS,MAYLIVEBYTHEMSELVES,ORTHEYHAVEARESPONSIBILITYTOTHEIRFAMILIESTHEYDONTRAISETHEIRHOPESTOOMUCHFORAGOODJOB,JUSTENOUGHWORKTOMAKEABASICQUALITYOFLIFEPOSSIBLEACCORDINGTO“UNEMPLOYMENTININDIA”PUBLISHEDIN“EMPLOYMENTNEWS”BYWKJENNY,“ITISWELLKNOWNFACTTHATOURSISATHICKLYPOPULATEDCOUNTRYTHEPOPULATIONISI
43、NCREASINGBYLEAPSANDBOUNDSBUTJOBSANDGAINFULAVENUESCANNOTBECREATEDINTHESAMEPROPORTIONFORALLOFUSSO,NATURALLY,ALARGESECTIONOFTHEPEOPLEISLEFTUNEMPLOYEDMOREOVER,OUREDUCATIONSYSTEMISALSORESPONSIBLEFORTHISPROBLEMTHEPROBLEMOFEDUCATEDUNEMPLOYMENTISPECULIARTOINDIAINDIAISTHEONLYCOUNTRYINTHEWORLDWHEREEVENHIGHLYE
44、DUCATEDPERSONSFAILTOGETEMPLOYMENTEVERYEARTHOUSANDSOFGRADUATESPASSOUTOFSCHOOLSANDCOLLEGESTHEYAREUNFITFORANYWORK,EXCEPTOFFICEWORKALLOFTHEMCANNOTBEABSORBEDINSERVICESTHISINCREASESUNEMPLOYMENT”2007UNLIKEOTHERDEVELOPINGCOUNTRIES,CHINAANDINDIAHAVEBIGPOPULATIONS,ANDTHEYTRYTOPUSHTHEMANYRURALWORKERSMOVETOCITI
45、ESFOREXAMPLE,INCHINATHEPOPULATIONINTHECITIESALONEHASALREADYREACHED600MILLION,BUTTHELEVELOFURBANIZATIONISJUST50THATMEANSTHEPOPULATIONOFCITIESINCHINAISTWOTIMESBIGGERTHANTHEWHOLEPOPULATIONOFUNITEDSTATESSOIDONTAGREEWITHTHISARTICLESAUTHORONONEQUESTIONITSAYS“INDIAISTHEONLYCOUNTRYINTHEWORLDWHEREEVENHIGHLYE
46、DUCATEDPERSONSFAILTOGETEMPLOYMENT”ACTUALLYTHISPHENOMENONALSOHAPPENEDINCHINAEVERYYEAR,MORETHAN5MILLIONSTUDENTSWILLGRADUATEFROMCOLLEGETHEYAREWELLEDUCATED,YOUNG,HAVEAGREATLONGINGFORABRIGHTFUTUREBUTASAMATTEROFFACT,THEYNEEDTOACCEPTTHECOMPETITIONANDTHETRUTHFORTHISPROBLEM,CHINASGOVERNMENTNEEDSPLAYTOTHELEAD
47、INGROLEANDMAKEPREFERENTIALPOLICYTOTHECOMPANYWHICHCANSUPPLYMOREWORKOPPORTUNITIES,INCREASESOCIETYWELFARE,OPENSKILLTRAININGCLASSES,ANDSLOWDOWNTHEPOPULATIONGROWTHRATEAFTERALL,THEBESTWAYTORESOLVETHISPROBLEMISTOGUARANTEETHEECONOMYKEEPSGROWINGANDSTAYSSTABLETHEENVIRONMENTPROBLEMANDOVEREXPLOITATIONOFNATURALR
48、ESOURCESARESTILLCAUSINGCOMPLICATIONSFORBOTHCOUNTRIESFORCHINAANDINDIA,RIGHTNOWTHEENVIRONMENTPROBLEMHASBEENPUSHEDASIDEBECAUSETHEREARESTILLMANYPEOPLEWHODONOTEVENHAVEENOUGHFOODANDCLOTHINGECONOMICDEVELOPMENTISMUCHMOREIMPORTANTWHENLOOKINGATTHENEARFUTURELOOKATTHEPRESENTENVIRONMENTTHESKYISNOTASCLEANASBEFORE
49、INMYOPINION,ITISALMOSTIMPOSSIBLETOSEETHECLEANSKYASITUSEDTOBE,ESPECIALLYINSOMEDEVELOPEDPARTSOFSOMEDEVELOPINGCOUNTRIESACCORDINGTOBUSINESSWEEKABIG,DIRTYGROWTHENGINE,”THEREALITYISTHATDESPITEALLTHEEFFORTSPENTONCLEANINGUPTHECAPITALANDAHANDFULOFOTHERBIGCITIES,CHINAAREATBESTATASTANDSTILLINITSFIGHTAGAINSTENVIRONMENTALDEGRADATIONFORALLITSEFFORTS,CHINASUNRESTRAINEDGROWTHMAKESITONEOFTHEWORLDSWORSTPOLLUTERSMOSTOFTHENATIONISSTILLREELINGFROMTHEDEVASTATIONWROUGHTBYTHREEDECADESOFCOMMUNISTINDUSTRIALDEVELOPMENTANDTHESUBSEQUENT25YEARSOFQUASICAPITALISMIN2025,CHINAWILLCONSUME142OFTHEWOR
