1、本科毕业论文开题报告国际经济与贸易THECOMPARATIVESTUDYOFINTERNATIONALCOMPETITIVEBETWEENCHINAANDINDIA一、选题的背景与意义MYPAPERISFOCUSEDONTHECOMPETITIONBETWEENDEVELOPINGCOUNTRIESCHINAANDINDIAIWILLTALKABOUTSOMEBASICINFORMATION,LIKEECONOMY,INTERNATIONALCOOPERATIONANDINTERNATIONALINVESTMENTINCHINAANDINDIA,WHICHHASBROUGHTSOMEECONO
2、MICPROBLEMSASWELLALSO,IWILLGIVEMYOWNOPINIONONWHATITHINKABOUTTHISECONOMICPHENOMENONTHROUGHTHISPAPER,IAMGOINGTOTALKABOUTTHEECONOMYOFCHINAANDINDIA,THEHISTORYOFECONOMYINEACHCOUNTRY,SOMEGOVERNMENTPOLICIES,ANDWHATPEOPLECANDOTOCREATEABETTERWAYFORCOMPETITIONTHEPURPOSEOFTHISPAPERCONCLUDESTHATITISVERYIMPORTAN
3、TTOHAVECOOPERATIONBETWEENCHINAANDINDIAINORDERTODEVELOPBOTHCOUNTRIESECONOMIES二、研究的基本内容与拟解决的主要问题CHINAANDINDIAHAVEALOTOFPROBLEMSNEEDTOFIGUREOUT,DEPENDINGONTHEBASICINFORMATIONTHATWEDISCUSSEDABOVEPOLITICAL,ECONOMIC,SOCIALANDEXTERNALENVIRONMENTAFTERCONTRASTINGBOTHOFTHEM,WECANFINDBOTHOFTHEMHAVETHEIROWNADVA
4、NTAGESONDIFFERENTINDUSTRYCHINAANDINDIAAREVERYATTRACTIVEINTERNATIONALINVESTMENTS,BECAUSEOFTHEIRQUALIFIEDWORKFORCE,CUTEFFECTIVE,PREFERENTIALPOLICY,ANDBIGMARKETDEMANDSIFTHEYMAKEOUTSOURCINGBUSINESSINTHESECOUNTRIESCANHELPCOMPANIESEARNMORECOMPETITIVEADVANTAGESINTHEIROWNINDUSTRYMARKETALSOFORCHINAANDINDIA,T
5、HEYAREFACINGANEWWORLDOFCLASSESWHICHNEEDTHEMTOPLAYAMOREIMPORTANTROLEINTHECOMINGDECADES,CHINAANDINDIAWILLBENAGGEDBYECONOMICMARKETPROBLEMS,EDUCATIONPROBLEMS,POLLUTIONPROBLEMS,ANDUNEMPLOYMENTPROBLEMSANDSOONTHEFUTUREISBRIGHTORNOT,THEMOSTIMPORTANTPARTISHOWTOPEACEFULSETTLEDTHESEPROBLEMANDINTERNATIONALDISPU
6、TES三、研究的方法与技术路线CHINAANDINDIAHAVEALOTOFPROBLEMSNEEDTOFIGUREOUT,DEPENDINGONTHEBASICINFORMATIONTHATWEDISCUSSEDABOVEPOLITICAL,ECONOMIC,SOCIALANDEXTERNALENVIRONMENTAFTERCONTRASTINGBOTHOFTHEM,WECANFINDBOTHOFTHEMHAVETHEIROWNADVANTAGESONDIFFERENTINDUSTRYCHINAANDINDIAAREVERYATTRACTIVEINTERNATIONALINVESTMENTS
7、,BECAUSEOFTHEIRQUALIFIEDWORKFORCE,CUTEFFECTIVE,PREFERENTIALPOLICY,ANDBIGMARKETDEMANDSIFTHEYMAKEOUTSOURCINGBUSINESSINTHESECOUNTRIESCANHELPCOMPANIESEARNMORECOMPETITIVEADVANTAGESINTHEIROWNINDUSTRYMARKETALSOFORCHINAANDINDIA,THEYAREFACINGANEWWORLDOFCLASSESWHICHNEEDTHEMTOPLAYAMOREIMPORTANTROLEINTHECOMINGD
8、ECADES,CHINAANDINDIAWILLBENAGGEDBYECONOMICMARKETPROBLEMS,EDUCATIONPROBLEMS,POLLUTIONPROBLEMS,ANDUNEMPLOYMENTPROBLEMSANDSOONTHEFUTUREISBRIGHTORNOT,THEMOSTIMPORTANTPARTISHOWTOPEACEFULSETTLEDTHESEPROBLEMANDINTERNATIONALDISPUTES四、研究的总体安排与进度1、第一学期，大量阅读文献。分析背景资料2、第二学期，2月中旬3月初。3、第二学期，答辩之前。对论文的构思、问题分析方法、得出的
9、结论再三研究分析，并请教老师，对其做出最后的肯定，保证文章的正确性和可行性。五、主要参考文献1“ABIG,DIRTYGROWTHENGINE”POLLUTIONSTILLCHOKESCHINA,BUTGREENTECHNOLOGYISSTARTINGTOEMERGECHINAANDINDIATHESOCIALAGENDAAUGUST22,2005HTTP/WWWBUSINESSWEEKCOM/MAGAZINE/CONTENT/05_34/B3948520HTM2“CHINA,INDIACOULDRESHAPEGLOBALAUTOINDUSTRYEXECUTIVES”THEECONOMICTIM
10、ES,JAN13,2010印度政治的概述中国政治的概述印度经济政策的概述中国经济政策的概述外部环境的概述中国经济体系的概述中国国际贸易的概述印度国际贸易的概述印度经济体系的概述两国社会问题的概述建议与推荐结语引言HTTP/ECONOMICTIMESINDIATIMESCOM/NEWS/NEWSBYINDUSTRY/AUTO/AUTOALAUTOINDUSTRYEXECUTIVES/ARTICLESHOW/5440695CMS3“FINANCIALCRISIS20072010”,WIKIMEDIAFOUNDATION,INCJAN31,2010HTTP/ENWIKIPEDIAORG/WIKI/F
11、INANCIAL_CRISIS_OF_2007E280932010GLOBAL_EFFECTS4JOHNRIBEIRO“INDIASOUTSOURCING”INDIASOUTSOURCINGVALUEDAT60BILLIONBY2010DECEMBER12,2005HTTP/WWWINFOWORLDCOM/T/BUSINESS/INDIASOUTSOURCINGVALUED60BILLION20106845MATTROSENBERG“INDIASPOPULATION”INDIALIKELYTOSURPASSCHINAINPOPULATIONBY2030JUL272009HTTP/GEOGRAP
12、HYABOUTCOM/OD/OBTAINPOPULATIONDATA/A/INDIAPOPULATIONHTM6MAPSOFINDIA“INDIAVSCHINAECONOMY”JAN28,2010HTTP/BUSINESSMAPSOFINDIACOM/INDIAECONOMY/INDIAVSCHINAHTML7MARTINO,KRISTINAPUBLICATIONTHEBUSINESSJOURNALCENTRALNEWYORKVIETNAMANEWOUTSOURCINGSITEFORUSMANUFACTURERSHTTP/WWWALLBUSINESSCOM/COMPANYACTIVITIESM
13、ANAGEMENT/COMPANYSTRATEGYOUTSOURCING/88905831HTML8PEOPLESREPUBLICOFCHINA,POLITICS,2010FROMWIKIPEDIA,MODIFIEDON27JANUARY2010WIKIMEDIAFOUNDATION,INC,9POLITICSOFINDIAFROMWIKIPEDIA,THEFREEENCYCLOPEDIALASTMODIFIEDON15JANUARY2010HTTP/ENWIKIPEDIAORG/WIKI/POLITICS_OF_INDIASTATE_GOVERNMENT10RAJABAHADURVARCOT
14、,DIRECTOROFSOUTHANDSOUTHEASTASIANOPERATIONSARCADVISORYGROUPDEDLHAM,MASS“ENGINEERINGININDIA”HTTP/MACHINEDESIGNCOM/ARTICLE/ENGINEERINGININDIA110811“UNEMPLOYMENTININDIA“PUBLISHEDIN“EMPLOYMENTNEWS“ON23RDJANUARY,2007BYWKJENNYHTTP/WWWASSOCIATEDCONTENTCOM/ARTICLE/1514062/THE_PROBLEM_OF_UNEMPLOYMENT_IN_INDI
15、A_PG2HTMLCAT9毕业论文文献综述国际经济与贸易THECOMPETITIONBETWEENCHINAANDINDIA在全球市场上，市场的大小取决于其成分的大小和富有的程度。例如，当一个公司推出的产品，由此产生的成功取决于有多少人会购买产品多少钱，他们将为其支付。使用这种方法，我们不难发现美国是最强大和最有影响力的市场。由于西欧国家人口和购买能力，而日本，韩国，澳大利亚等。这些国家也看到大竞争的市场。但大多数公司需要弄清楚他们所共同面对的一个问题这些国家的市场都受到限制。虽然这些市场的人口和收入也慢慢增加，他们仍然是一种有限的。也是行业将面临真正严格的竞争。最好的方法便是为他们的利润和市
16、场份额找到一个新的市场。当然，在与许多新的人口和经济市场的购买力很容易计算，中国和印度脱颖而出。这两个国家也有类似的情况，其中都有大量的土地，可以从东亚到南亚连接，其中两个有很大的种群。目前，中国有13亿人口，印度有11亿美元。按人口，这两个国家是世界上最大的。他们都有一个丰富的资源种类繁多，而且还在发展中国家。所有这些信息都证明，中国和印度将有机会发展同期也有不同的方法来达到这些目标。中国和印度之间的竞争看起来是不可避免的。经济的影响在许多方面的业务，如基本经济样式可以决定需要什么样的业务进行调整。此外，我们可以找到中国和印度之间的差额由农业，市场，产业和金融业。农业是经济的基本因素。两国都
17、有巨大的人口。为了保证开发成功，最重要的是确保粮食安全。我不认为任何文章可以铆钉了自己工作的注意力，如果他们没有足够的粮食来养活自己。每一个国家必须确保他们的粮食供应安全控制，特别是中国和印度，一个占世界人口的三分之一来自。对国家有丰富的食物供应，中国和印度需要作出大量的工作。像发展农业技术，广泛的机械化设备，并确保农民的收入。就像我们讨论政治体制，自由市场是靠政治制度，根据“，”印度地图“在被一个社会主义国家，尽管中国开始向市场经济的许多前印度自由化。这加强了经济在很大程度上。另一方面，印度是拥抱全球化和开放的市场经济速度非常缓慢的国家，虽然印度有着自己的自由化政策，在1990年开始的。中国
18、欢迎外国直接投资和80年代中期的私人投资。这使得其经济的重大变化和国内生产总值大幅度增加。（2010年）“目前仍然存在着计划经济的中国，我们把它叫做五年计划。政府使用它来对重大基础设施项目的建设很长一段时间的策略。由于集中的预算和计划将跨越顺利大会。在印度，在一些国家仍然没有打开，导致宗教，但在印度南部的一部分，他们已经建立了许多地区的自由市场。像中国这样，他们还可以提供大量合格的工人，并提供符合成本效益的指导方针。因为中国已经对现代化建设的又一重大举措，工资水平正在迅速增长。现在，许多其他发展中国家可以提供合格的工人，即使在比中国更低的成本。例如，“越南一个新的外包网站为美国制造商“，由克里
19、斯蒂娜马蒂诺写道“越南正在成为美国公司外包的地方更受欢迎，因为中国最近降低了它的税收优惠政策。越南目前的外包公司提供三年的百分之零税率，由5一50年之后对折优惠税率，史蒂文斯说。他还表示，该国目前没有征收的出口关税贸易项目。该国还具有低土地成本低和机械的进口税和其他制造业资产“（2007年）。就像作者说，越南有更好的税收政策，以支持其经济发展有关劳动力成本比中国低。越南是中国的地方大概是15年前，当中国用同样的方法来吸引当时国际投资。廉价劳动力的优势可能已经走了，在这种情况下，中国必须改变其政策。中国和印度有很多问题需要弄清楚，对基本信息，我们根据讨论政治，经济，社会和外部环境。两者对比后，我
20、们可以找到他们在不同的行业都有自己的优势。中国和印度是非常有吸引力的国际投资，因为它们的合格员工，削减效益，优惠的政策，与大市场的需求。如果他们在这些国家开展业务外包可以帮助企业赚取自己的行业市场的竞争优势。也为中国和印度，他们也面临着类，需要他们发挥更重要作用的新的世界。在未来几十年，中国和印度将成为市场的问题困扰着的经济，教育问题，污染问题和失业问题等。前途是光明的与否，最重要的部分是如何和平解决这些问题和国际争端。参考文献1“ABIG,DIRTYGROWTHENGINE”POLLUTIONSTILLCHOKESCHINA,BUTGREENTECHNOLOGYISSTARTINGTOEME
21、RGECHINAANDINDIATHESOCIALAGENDAAUGUST22,2005HTTP/WWWBUSINESSWEEKCOM/MAGAZINE/CONTENT/05_34/B3948520HTM2“CHINA,INDIACOULDRESHAPEGLOBALAUTOINDUSTRYEXECUTIVES”THEECONOMICTIMES,JAN13,2010HTTP/ECONOMICTIMESINDIATIMESCULDRESHAPEGLOBALAUTOINDUSTRYEXECUTIVES/ARTICLESHOW/5440695CMS3“FINANCIALCRISIS20072010”,
22、WIKIMEDIAFOUNDATION,INCJAN31,2010HTTP/ENWIKIPEDIAORG/WIKI/FINANCIAL_CRISIS_OF_2007E280932010GLOBAL_EFFECTS4JOHNRIBEIRO“INDIASOUTSOURCING”INDIASOUTSOURCINGVALUEDAT60BILLIONBY2010DECEMBER12,2005HTTP/WWWINFOWORLDCOM/T/BUSINESS/INDIASOUTSOURCINGVALUED60BILLION20106845MATTROSENBERG“INDIASPOPULATION”INDIA
23、LIKELYTOSURPASSCHINAINPOPULATIONBY2030JUL272009HTTP/GEOGRAPHYABOUTCOM/OD/OBTAINPOPULATIONDATA/A/INDIAPOPULATIONHTM6MAPSOFINDIA“INDIAVSCHINAECONOMY”JAN28,2010HTTP/BUSINESSMAPSOFINDIACOM/INDIAECONOMY/INDIAVSCHINAHTML7MARTINO,KRISTINAPUBLICATIONTHEBUSINESSJOURNALCENTRALNEWYORKVIETNAMANEWOUTSOURCINGSITE
24、FORUSMANUFACTURERSHTTP/WWWALLBUSINESSCOM/COMPANYACTIVITIESMANAGEMENT/COMPANYSTRATEGYOUTSOURCING/88905831HTML8PEOPLESREPUBLICOFCHINA,POLITICS,2010FROMWIKIPEDIA,MODIFIEDON27JANUARY2010WIKIMEDIAFOUNDATION,INC,9POLITICSOFINDIAFROMWIKIPEDIA,THEFREEENCYCLOPEDIALASTMODIFIEDON15JANUARY2010HTTP/ENWIKIPEDIAOR
25、G/WIKI/POLITICS_OF_INDIASTATE_GOVERNMENT10RAJABAHADURVARCOT,DIRECTOROFSOUTHANDSOUTHEASTASIANOPERATIONSARCADVISORYGROUPDEDLHAM,MASS“ENGINEERINGININDIA”HTTP/MACHINEDESIGNCOM/ARTICLE/ENGINEERINGININDIA110811“UNEMPLOYMENTININDIA“PUBLISHEDIN“EMPLOYMENTNEWS“ON23RDJANUARY,2007BYWKJENNYHTTP/WWWASSOCIATEDCON
26、TENTCOM/ARTICLE/1514062/THE_PROBLEM_OF_UNEMPLOYMENT_IN_INDIA_PG2HTMLCAT9本科毕业论文（20届）中国与印度的国际竞争力比较THECOMPARATIVESTUDYINTERNATIONALCOMPETITIVEBETWEENCHINAANDINDIAABSTRACTMYPAPERISFOCUSEDONTHECOMPETITIONBETWEENDEVELOPINGCOUNTRIESCHINAANDINDIAIWILLTALKABOUTSOMEBASICINFORMATION,LIKEECONOMY,INTERNATIONALCO
27、OPERATIONANDINTERNATIONALINVESTMENTINCHINAANDINDIA,WHICHHASBROUGHTSOMEECONOMICPROBLEMSASWELLALSO,IWILLGIVEMYOWNOPINIONONWHATITHINKABOUTTHISECONOMICPHENOMENONTHROUGHTHISPAPER,IAMGOINGTOTALKABOUTTHEECONOMYOFCHINAANDINDIA,THEHISTORYOFECONOMYINEACHCOUNTRY,SOMEGOVERNMENTPOLICIES,ANDWHATPEOPLECANDOTOCREAT
28、EABETTERWAYFORCOMPETITIONTHEPURPOSEOFTHISPAPERCONCLUDESTHATITISVERYIMPORTANTTOHAVECOOPERATIONBETWEENCHINAANDINDIAINORDERTODEVELOPBOTHCOUNTRIESECONOMIESKEYWORDSINDIA,CHINA,POLITY,ECONOMY,INTERNATIONALTRADE,RECOMMENDATION目录INTRODUCTION3POLITICAL4ECONOMIC6SOCIAL8EXTERNALENVIRONMENT13RECOMMENDATON13REFE
29、RENCELIST18THANKS19INTRODUCTIONINGLOBALMARKET,THESIZESOFTHEMARKETSDEPENDONHOWLARGEANDHOWRICHTHEGROUPISFOREXAMPLE,WHENACOMPANYLAUNCHESAPRODUCT,THERESULTINGSUCCESSDEPENDSONHOWMANYPEOPLEWILLBUYPRODUCTSANDHOWMUCHMONEYTHEYWILLPAYFORTHEMUSEDTHISWAY,WECANEASILYFINDTHEUNITEDSTATESISTHEMOSTPOWERFULANDINFLUEN
30、TIALMARKETBECAUSEOFTHEPOPULATIONANDPURCHASEABILITYOFWESTERNEUROPEANCOUNTRIES,ANDJAPAN,KOREA,AUSTRALIA,ANDSOONTHESECOUNTRIESALSOHAVESEENLARGECOMPETITIONMARKETBUTMOSTCOMPANIESNEEDFIGUREOUTAPROBLEMTHEYSHAREFORTHESECOUNTRIES,THEMARKETSARERESTRICTEDEVENTHOUGHTHESEMARKETSPOPULATIONANDINCOMEHAVESLOWLYINCRE
31、ASED,THEYARESTILLKINDOFLIMITEDALSOTHEINDUSTRYWILLFACEREALLYSTRICTCOMPETITIONTHEBESTWAYTOEXPENDTHEIRPROFITANDMARKETSHAREISTOFINDANEWMARKETOFCOURSE,AFTEREASYCALCULATIONSWITHTHEPOPULATIONANDPURCHASEPOWERFORMANYNEWECONOMICMARKETS,CHINAANDINDIASTANDOUTTHESETWOCOUNTRIESHAVEASIMILARSITUATIONBOTHOFTHEMHAVEA
32、LOTOFLAND,WHICHCANCONNECTFROMEASTASIATOSOUTHASIABOTHOFTHEMHAVEBIGPOPULATIONSRIGHTNOW,CHINAHAS13BILLIONPEOPLEANDINDIAHAS11BILLIONBYPOPULATION,THESETWOCOUNTRIESARETHELARGESTINTHEWORLDBOTHOFTHEMHAVEAWIDEVARIETYOFRICHRESOURCESANDARESTILLDEVELOPINGCOUNTRIESALLOFTHISINFORMATIONPROVESTHATCHINAANDINDIAWILLH
33、AVETHESAMEPERIODOFOPPORTUNITYTODEVELOPMENTANDALSOHAVEDIFFERENTWAYSTOREACHTHESEGOALSTHECOMPETITIONBETWEENCHINAANDINDIALOOKSLIKEISUNAVOIDABLENOWBASEDONTHEBASICINFORMATIONFROMBOTHCOUNTRIES,PEOPLECANNARROWDOWNITANDCOMPAREPOLITICAL,ECONOMIC,SOCIALANDEXTERNALENVIRONMENT,ANDSEPARATETHESEFACTORSINORDERTOFIN
34、DTHEBESTWAYTOPEACEFULDEVELOPMENTPOLITICALPOLITICSISTHEFIRSTPROBLEMWENEEDDISCUSSED,BECAUSEITISTHEBASICCOMPONENTOFACOUNTRYTHECHANGESOFGOVERNMENTPOLICYWILLDIRECTAFFECTTHEECONOMICDEVELOPMENTADIFFERENTPOLITICALSYSTEMCANMAKEDIFFERENTKINDSOFBUSINESSSTYLEHOWTOOPERATEACOMPANYUNDERTHATPOLITICALSYSTEMCANDECIDE
35、HOWTHEYOPENTHEIRMARKETANDMAKELAWSANDREGULATIONSFORINDIA,ACCORDINGTOWIKIPEDIA,“INDIAISASOVEREIGNSOCIALISTSECULARDEMOCRATICREPUBLICINDIAISTHELARGESTSTATEBYPOPULATIONWITHADEMOCRATICALLYELECTEDGOVERNMENTLIKETHEUNITEDSTATES,INDIAHASAFEDERALFORMGOVERNMENT,HOWEVER,SOMEREGIONALPARTIES,ESPECIALLYINSOUTHINDIA
36、,AREDEEPLYALIGNEDTOTHEIDEOLOGIESOFTHEREGIONUNLIKETHENATIONALPARTIESANDTHUSTHERELATIONSHIPBETWEENTHECENTRALGOVERNMENTANDTHESTATEGOVERNMENTINVARIOUSSTATESHASNOTALWAYSBEENFREEOFRANCORDISPARITYBETWEENTHEIDEOLOGIESOFTHEPOLITICALPARTIESRULINGTHECENTREANDTHESTATELEADSTOSEVERELYSKEWEDALLOCATIONOFRESOURCESBE
37、TWEENTHESTATESWIKIPEDIA,POLITICALOFINDIA”LIKETHEARTICLESAID,THEPOLITICALSYSTEMOFINDIAISCLOSETOWESTERNIZEDSOCIETYTHEYHAVETHEIROWNDEMOCRATICELECTORALSYSTEMWHERETHEVOTERCANSHOWTHEIRPOLITICALOPINIONDIRECTLYASAFEDERALSTATECONSTITUTEDBYANUMBEROFMEMBERSOFTHECOUNTRY,THEGOVERNMENTSAREALWAYSCONTROLLEDBYCOALIT
38、IONGOVERNMENTTHISSITUATIONMAKESTHECOUNTRYPOLITICALLYUNSTABLEDIFFERENTSTATESHAVETHEIRRIGHTTOMAKELAWSIFFOREIGNCOMPANIESWANTTOENTERTHISMARKET,THEPOLITICALPROBLEMWILLSMORECOMPLEXFORCHINA,“POLITICALSYSTEMOFCHINAREFERSTOTHEPOLITICALSTRUCTURE,FUNDAMENTALLAWS,RULESANDREGULATIONANDPRACTICESTHATAREIMPLEMENTED
39、INMAINLANDCHINA,ANDWHICHCONTROLTHESTATEPOWER,GOVERNMENT,ANDTHERELATIONSHIPSBETWEENTHESTATEANDSOCIETYTHECOUNTRYISRUNBYTHECOMMUNISTPARTYOFCHINA,WHICHISGUARANTEEDPOWERBYTHECONSTITUTIONTHEPOLITICALSYSTEMISMUCHDECENTRALIZEDWITHLIMITEDDEMOCRATICPROCESSESINTERNALTOTHEPARTYANDATLOCALVILLAGELEVELSWIKIPEDIA,P
40、EOPLESREPUBLICOFCHINA,POLITICS,2010”AFTERTHE1980S,CHINATRIEDTOOPENTHEIRCLOSEDDOORS,WHICHTHEYCLOSEDMORETHANTHOUSANDSOFYEARAGOTHEGOVERNMENTHASTRIEDTOMAKEABIGMOVETOPUSHECONOMICDEVELOPMENTBECAUSEOFTHESPECIALPOLITICALSYSTEMINCHINA,THENEWMARKETNEEDSENOUGHTIMETOLEARNHOWTOFENDOFFTHEIMPACTOFINTERNATIONALFINA
41、NCIALCRISIS,SOTHEGOVERNMENTSTILLNEEDSGUIDEDTOPOSITIVELYAFFECTTHEMARKETEVENTHEGOVERNMENTSTILLHOLDSSOMECOREINDUSTRY,LIKETHEOIL,MOBILE,ELECTRONICANDSOON,BUTTHECHINESEMARKETHASMOREANDMOREFREEDOM,ANDITISUNDENIABLETHELIBERALIZATIONOFECONOMYNOWISSINKINGDEEPINTOTHEHEARTSOFTHEPEOPLEINCHINA,ANDITMAKESREMARKAB
42、LEPROGRESSFROMANENCLOSEDCOUNTRYTOTHEWORLDSSECONDLARGESTECONOMY,ITHASALOTOFPROBLEMSTHATNEEDTOBERESOLVEDANDFACED,ESPECIALLYTHECORRUPTIONPROBLEMTHECORRUPTIONSURVIVEDBYTHELEGALSYSTEMSISINCOMPLETEANDSOUNDBECAUSEOFTHEBIGINFLUENCEOFGOVERNMENT,SOMETIMESTHEPOWERWILLBEHELDBYGOVERNMENTOFFICIALSTHECORRUPTIONISK
43、INDOFNORMALINCHINAIREMEMBERWHENITOOK“INTERNATIONALBUSINESS”CLASSATPSU,THEINSTRUCTORSAIDIFSOMEBODYWANTEDTOMAKEBUSINESSINCHINA,THEYWOULDHAVETOKNOWWHAT“GUANXI”ISITOTALLYAGREEWITHTHAT“GUANXI”MEANSTHERELATIONSHIPBETWEENPEOPLEPARTICULARLYREFERINPARTICULARTOMAKETHEPROFITEXCHANGESOMEPEOPLEBELIEVETHATTHERELA
44、TIONSHIPBETWEENGOVERNMENTOFFICIALSANDBUSINESSMENISCORRUPTITIS,INSTEAD,ARELATIONSHIPBUILTONTRUSTANEXAMPLEWOULDBETHAT,YOUGIVEMEWHATIWANT,ANDIWILLGIVEWHATYOUWANTMUTUALBENEFITANDRECIPROCITYSO,IFTHEGOVERNMENTWANTSTOKEEPTHECOUNTRYECONOMYDEVELOPINGANDHAVEALONGANDPEACEFULREIGN,THEYSTILLHAVEALONGWAYTOGOECONO
45、MICTHEECONOMYAFFECTSBUSINESSINMANYWAYS,LIKETHEBASICECONOMICSTYLECANDECIDEWHATKINDOFBUSINESSNEEDSTOMAKEADJUSTMENTSALSOWECANFINDTHEDIFFERENCEBETWEENCHINAANDINDIAFROMAGRICULTURE,MARKET,INDUSTRY,ANDFINANCEAGRICULTUREISABASICFACTOROFTHEECONOMYBOTHCOUNTRIESHAVEAHUGEPOPULATIONBEFORESUCCESSFULDEVELOPMENT,TH
46、EMOSTIMPORTANTTHINGISTOENSURETHESECURITYOFFOODIDONOTTHINKANYARTICLECANRIVETTHEIRATTENTIONONTHEIRWORKIFTHEYDIDNOTHAVEENOUGHFOODTOFEEDTHEMSELVESEVERYCOUNTRYHASTOMAKESURETHEIRFOODSUPPLYISSAFELYCONTROLLED,ESPECIALLYFORCHINAANDINDIA,ONETHIRDOFTHEWORLDSPOPULATIONCOMEFROMAGAINSTTHECOUNTRIESWHICHHAVEABOUNTI
47、FULSUPPLYOFFOOD,CHINAANDINDIANEEDMAKEALOTOFWORKLIKEDEVELOPTHEAGRICULTURALTECHNIQUES,EXTENSIVEMECHANIZEDMACHINES,ANDENSURETHEFARMERSINCOMELIKETHEPOLITICALSYSTEMWEDISCUSSED,THEFREEMARKETISDEPENDINGONTHEPOLITICALSYSTEM,ACCORDINGTO“MAPSOFINDIA”,“INSPITEOFBEINGASOCIALISTCOUNTRY,CHINASTARTEDTOWARDSTHELIBE
48、RALIZATIONOFITSMARKETECONOMYMUCHBEFOREINDIATHISSTRENGTHENEDTHEECONOMYTOAGREATEXTENTONTHEOTHERHAND,INDIAWASVERYSLOWINEMBRACINGGLOBALIZATIONANDOPENMARKETECONOMIESWHILEINDIASLIBERALIZATIONPOLICIESSTARTEDINTHE1990SCHINAWELCOMEDFOREIGNDIRECTINVESTMENTANDPRIVATEINVESTMENTINTHEMID1980STHISMAKESASIGNIFICANT
49、CHANGEINITSECONOMYANDTHEGDPINCREASEDCONSIDERABLY2010”RIGHTNOWTHEPLANNINGECONOMYSTILLEXISTSINCHINAWECALLITTHEFIVEYEARPROGRAMTHEGOVERNMENTUSESTHISTOMAKEALONGTIMESTRATEGYONMAJORINFRASTRUCTUREPROJECTBUILDINGBECAUSEOFCENTRALIZATIONTHEBUDGETANDPLANWILLCROSSCONGRESSWITHOUTAHITCHININDIA,SOMEOFTHESTATESARESTILLNOTOPENANDLEADBYRELIGION,BUTINTHESOUTHERNPARTOFINDIA,THEYHAVEALREADYBUILTMANYFREEMARKETDISTRICTSFORIMPORTANDEXPORT,MOSTOFPEOPLEKNOWCHINAANDINDIAHAVEABIGADVANTAGEONMASSMANUFACTUREPRIMARYPRODUCTSBECAUSEOFCHEAPLABORANDRAWMATERIALITWASREALLYFUNNYWHENIFIRSTCAMETO
