1、Period 3 Grammarthe Use of “It”(1) 整 体 设 计 教学内容分析 This teaching period mainly deals with the grammar：the use of “it”The impersonal pronoun “it” is used frequently in English and has many different functions. “It” can be used in the subject or object position，to stand for an infinitive，ing form or a
2、clause. The impersonal pronoun “it” can be used to talk about time，distance ，weather ，etc. “It” can also be used for emphasis. In this period we will focus on only part of its usages，that is，the use of “it” when the subject of a sentence is a clause，an infinitive，or the ing form. 三维目标设计 Knowledge an
3、d skills 1To let the students learn the use of “it” 2To enable the students to use “it” correctly and properly. Process and methods 1To ask the students to read the reading passage again，pick out the sentences with the word “it” in them and write some on the blackboard. 2To ask the students to disco
4、ver how “it” is used in various ways. 3To ask the students to do the exercises in Discovering useful structures on Page 21 for students to master the use of “it” 4To ask the students to summarize the use of “it” 5To ask the students to do the exercises in Using Structures on Page 57 and some other a
5、dditional exercises for consolidation. Emotion，attitude and value 1To get the students to become interested in grammar learning. 2To develop the students ability of comparing and summarizing. 教学重、难点 1To get the students to master the structure and usages of the pronoun “it” 2To enable the students t
6、o learn how to use “it” 教 学 过 程 Step 1 Revision 1Check the homework exercises. 2Dictate some new words and expressions. 3Translate the following sentences into English： (1)她对电视入了迷。 (2)虽然有暴风雨，我们依旧准点到达了火车站。 (3)我每次去访问他，他都不在。 Suggested answers： (1)She is addicted to television. (2)We arrived at the stat
7、ion in spite of the storm. (3)Every time I call on him，he is out. Step 2 Warming up Ask the students to reread the passage and find out the sentences with the word “it” in them.For example： (1)It is a beautiful day here and I am sitting under the big tree at the end of the garden. (2)It seems amazin
8、g that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon. (3)Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and now you are finding it difficult to give it up. (4)It might help you to stop and strengthen your resolve. Ask the students to think about the use of “it”
9、according to the above four sentences.来源: 学 科网 Step 3 Grammar learning Ask the students to study the following sentences and try to summarize the structure and usages of“it” 1The personal pronoun “it” and the impersonal pronoun “it” (1)Toms mother kept telling him that he should work harder but it d
10、idnt help. (2)Who is knocking at the door? Its me. (3)Its about five kilometers from here to the railway station. (4)Its getting colder and colder every day. 2 “It” is used in the subject or object position. (1)She thought it no use telling him about that. (2)I remember I made it clear to you that I
11、 was not coming. (3)Its important to do proper memory work in the study of a foreign language. (4)It is no use learning without thinking. (5)It is a pity that you didnt see such a good film. Step 4 Summing up Try to help the students draw the following conclusions. 1 “It” is a very useful word and c
12、an be used in many ways. 2The personal pronoun “it” can substitute something that is mentioned before.In some certain situations， “it” can stand for an unidentified person or a baby. 3The impersonal pronoun “it” can be used to talk about time，distance，weather，etc. 4 “It” can act as a subject or an o
13、bject，while the real subject or object can be put backwards in the form of an infinitive，ing form or a clause. Step 5 Grammar practice Ask students to do the following exercises： 1Rewrite the sentences using “it” structures given. (1)Giving up smoking is difficult.(It is.) (2)Most people believe smo
14、king causes cancer.(It is believed.) (3)The night was dark and stormy when the old man started his journey.(It was a) (4)Dont quit on a stressful day.(Its no use.) Suggested answers： (1)It is difficult to give up smoking. (2)It is believed that smoking causes cancer. (3)It was a dark and stormy nigh
15、t when the old man started his journey. (4)It is no use trying to quit on a stressful day. 2Do the remaining exercises in Exercise 2 in Discovering useful structures on Page 21. 3First ask students to do the exercises individually，and then let them discuss and check their answers with their partners
16、，and finally give them the correct answers and deal with any problems they might meet. Step 6 Getting more about the grammar 1it 作形式主语的几种句型 Itbe 形容词 /名词(difficult/necessary/a rule/a duty)for/of sb.to do sth. Itbe 形容词 /名词(difficult/necessary/a rule/a duty)that clause Itbe 过去分词 (said/reported/known)th
17、at clause Itbe 形容词 /名词(useless/no use/no good)doing Ittakes sb.some timeto do sth. Itseems/appearsthat clause Itseems/appearsas if clause 2it 作形式宾语的特殊用法。某些及物动词或短语不能加宾语从句，此时须先用 it 作 形式宾语，然后接宾语从句。此种用法常用于 like，dislike ，hate ，appreciate ，depend on，see to 等后。如： I hate it when people talk with their mouth
18、s full. You may depend on it that they will support you. Ill appreciate it if you close the door for me. I like it in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. 3it 引起的几个易混的时间句型 1)Its time for sb.to do sth.和 Its(about/high) time that sb.did sth.(should do sth.)。例如： Its time for us to go to bed
19、. Its(about/high)time that we went/should go to bed. 注意：Its (about/high) time that 句型中，谓语动词须用虚拟语气，即用动词的过去式或 “should动词原形”(should 不能省略)。 (2)It/This/That isthe first/second timethat sb.has/have done sth.和 It/This/That was the first/second time that sb.had done sth.例如： This is the fourth time that she h
20、as rung you today. It was the second time that I had visited the Great Wall last year. (3)It will be long/hours/days/years before sb.do/does sth.和 It was long/hours/days/years before sb.did sth.例如： It will be two years before we meet again. It was a long time before I got to sleep again last night.
21、(4)It is/has beenyears/days/weeks since sb.did sth.和 It was years/days/weeks since sb.had done sth.例如： What was the party like? Wonderful.Its years since I enjoyed myself so much. It was years since I had began to learn English. (5)It is/was具体时间点when clause。例如： Its 6 oclock when I go home from schoo
22、l every day. It was five oclock when they finished the job. 注意：在本结构中，when 引导的从句是定语从句，具体时间点是先行词。 Step 7 Summing up Try to help the students draw the following conclusions. 1There are many sentence patterns in English with “it” in them.“It” has many functions. 2When “it” acts as a subject or an object
23、，the real subject or object can appear in the form of an infinitive，ing form or a clause.The impersonal pronoun “it” can be used to talk about time，distance ， weather，etc. Step 8 Playing a game 1Get students to form groups of 6. 2Let students play the game “What is it？” Spend some time making up clu
24、es to identify several objects/illnesses/habits in this unit.Then read your clues to your partner and see if he/she can identify them.Choose the best ones to read to the class. EXAMPLES： It is a bad habit for both males and females. It is something you shouldnt start because you will be addicted to
25、it. It is something which is illegal. It is a very expensive habit and so it will waste your money. Step 9 Closing down by a quiz Show students the following on the screen or give out test papers to them. 1It took us over an hour_ along the street. Awalk Bto walk Cwalking Dwalked 2I think it a great
26、 honor_ to visit your country. Ato invite Binviting Chaving invited Dto be invited 3Many people now make_ a rule to buy cards for their friends before Christmas. Athemselves Bit Cthat Dthis 4_ is very clear to everyone that he is round and tall like a tree. AThis BWhat CThat DIt 5In the United State
27、s，bus travel doesnt cost much as train travel，_？ Adont they Bdoes it Cdo they Ddoesnt it 6Someone is at the door；who is_？ Athis Bthat Cit Dhe 7_ raining hard for three hours without stopping. AIt is BIt was CIt has been DIt had been 8Has the boy got his bicycle now? Yes， the police gave_. Ahim to hi
28、m Bit to it Cit to him Dhim to it 9It is important _their offer. Areject Brejects Cto reject Drejecting 10Has _been decided when we are to hold the sports meeting? Athat Bthis Cit Dwhat 11Will you see to _ that the luggage is brought back? Awhich B it Cthis Dthat 12What she said discouraged you，_？ A
29、did it Bdidnt it Cdid she Ddidnt she 13_ (已经有三年了 )since his father passed away. 14_ (不久) the police arrived. 15_(已经八点了 )when he got home. 16_(应该 的时候了) she wrote a letter to her boyfriend. 17_(这是第一次 ) that these Europeans have visited the Great Wall. Suggested answers： 15 BDBDB 610 CCCCC 1112 BB 13It is/has been three years 14It was not long before 15It was already eight oclock 16It is(high)time that 17It is the first time Step 10 Homework Finish off the Workbook exercises.
