1、英语：Unit2 Growing pains 教案（2） （译林牛津版必修 1） 一. 教学内容： Unit 2 Growing Pains （II ） 二. 教学目标：掌握 Unit 2 语法定语从句 三. 教学重难点： 掌握介词关系代词引导的定语从句 掌握关系副词引导的定语从句 （一）定语从句复习 用定语从句把下列句子连接成一个句子 1. The book is mine. He is reading the book. The book (which/that) he is reading is mine. 2. I like the girl. The girl is wearing
2、a red skirt. I like the girl who is wearing a red skirt. 3. She is the student. We saw her yesterday. She is the student (who/whom/that) we saw yesterday. 4. The athlete is a famous runner. You talked to him. The athlete who you talked to is a famous runner. 5. I have lost the book. He gave me it ye
3、sterday. I have lost the book (which/that) he gave me yesterday. 6. I have seen the film. You talked it about last night. I have seen the film (which/that) you talked about last night. 7. I threw the chair. Its legs are broken. I threw the chair whose legs are broken. （二）介词关系代词引导的定语从句 用定语从句把下列句子连接成一
4、个句子 1. This is the teacher. Weve learned a lot from her. This is the teacher (whom/who/that) weve learned a lot from. This is the teacher from whom weve learned a lot. 2. The policeman is a friend of mine. Mr Henry is talking with him in the office. The policeman (who/that/whom) Mr Henry is talking
5、with in the office is a friend of mine. The policeman with whom Mr Henry is talking in the office is a friend of mine. 3. The ladder began to slip. I was standing on the ladder. The ladder (which/that) I was standing on began to slip. The ladder on which I was standing began to slip. 4. Great change
6、s are taking place in the city. They live in the city. Great changes are taking place in the city (which/that) they live in. Great changes are taking place in the city in which they live. 5. This is the library. I borrowed Harry Potter from this library. This is the library (which/that) I borrowed H
7、arry Potter from. This is the library from which I borrowed Harry Potter. 总结：关系代词在从句中作宾语时，介词可提至关系代词前，构成“介词 which/whom 从句”结构。注意： （1）介词提前时，关系代词不可省略； （2）介词提前时，只能用“介词+which” （指事物）以及“介词+whom” （指人）结 构，此时不能用 that 或 who。 （3）当关系代词作 look after, look for, take care of 等不能拆开使用的短语动词的宾语 时，介词不能提前。 eg. 这是我们进行了很多讨论的
8、问题。 This is the question about which weve had so much discussion. 我跟他说话的那个人是个老师。 The man to whom I spoke is a teacher. 关系代词前介词的确定 1. 动词与介词的搭配 e.g. The city _ which I live is a beautiful one. 2. 形容词与介词的固定搭配 e.g. Youd better not bring your child to see the animals _ which he is afraid. 3. 先行词与介词的搭配习惯
9、e.g. 1949 was the year_ which the P.R.C. was founded. KEY: in, of, in 典型例题 1. The sun gives us heat and light, _ we cant live. 答案：without which We cant live without the heat and the light. 意为我们离开了光 和热就不能生存。指物用 which 2. The student _ we were talking just now is the best student in our class. 答案：about
10、 whom talk about sb 谈论某人，指人用 whom 3. Ill never forget the day _ she said goodbye to me. 答案：on which She said goodbye to me on the day. 指物用 which 4. Who can give me the reason _ he hasnt turned up yet? 答案：for which reason 固定与介词 for 搭配。指物用 which 5. Is that the newspaper _you often write articles? 答案：f
11、or which write articles for the newspaper 意为为报刊写文章。指物用 which 6. Can you explain to me how to use these idioms_ Im not sure. 答案：about which Im not sure about the idioms. 意为不确定的习语。指物用 which （三）关系副词 when, where, why 的用法 1. Great changes are taking place in the city in which they live. Great changes are
12、 taking place in the city where they live. 2. 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded. 1949 was the year when the P.R.C. was founded. 3. Who can give me the reason for which he hasnt turned up yet? Who can give me the reason why he hasnt turned up yet? 关系副词都等于一个适当的介词which，在从句中作状语 1. when 在
13、定语从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词+ 关系代词（which ） ”。 Ill never forget the day when I joined the league. = Ill never forget the day on which I joined the league. 2. where 在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词+ 关系代词（which） ”。 This is the house where I lived two years ago. = This is the house in which I lived two years ago. 3. why 在定语从句中作
14、原因状语，相当于 “介词 for+ 关系代词（ which） ”。 Do you know the reason why she was late? = Do you know the reason for which she was late. when=in/at/on/+which; where=in/at/on/+which; why=for /+which 注：区分关系副词与关系代词的区别。只要在定语从句中担任状语的，就是关系副词。 你还记得我们一起去参观博物馆的那一天吗？ Do you still remember the day when (on which) we went t
15、o visit the museum together? 这是我父亲曾经工作过的工厂。 This is the factory where (in which) my father once worked. 这就是他愤怒的理由。 This is the reason why (for which) he was angry. 关系副词引导的定语从句 作用： 1、在定语从句中替代先行词。 2、在从句中担任状语成分，起副词和介词短语的作用。 3、起连接作用，把两个句子连接成为一个带有定语从句的主从复合句。 关系词 Who 人 主/宾 Whom 人 宾 Which 物 主/宾 关系代词 That 人
16、或物 主/宾/表 Whose 人或物 定语 Where 地点 When 时间关系副词 Why 原因 状语 【典型例题】 1、The continent _ I visited last year was not the one _ I once worked. A. which; where B. which; which C. where; which D. where; where 答案：A 这里有两个定语从句，第一个是 _ I visited last year，先行词为 continent,这 里缺少关系词，关系词在从句中做宾语，所以用 which；第二个定语从句是_ I once w
17、orked，这里的关系词在从句中做状语而不是宾语，因为我们不能说 I worked the one(the continent)，所以用 where。所以选 A。 【模拟试题】 （答题时间：15 分钟） I. 用适当的介词和关系代词填空 1. This is the house _ I was born on a rainy evening. 2. The table _ we often have lunch is being painted. 3. Is the girl your friend _ you shook hands just now? 4. The accident _ t
18、he paper wrote is really a serious one. 5. The young should never forget the day _ the Communist Party of China was founded. 6. The pen _ I wrote the letter just now is gone. 7. There is a very big tree in the village _ the villagers often have meetings in summer. 8. I dont like the way _ she cook t
19、he fish. 9. I cant find the gold ring _ I spent 100 dollars. 10. The traffic police stopped you because the speed _ you were driving was too fast. II. 用介词+关系代词结构的定语从句合并下列各句 11. This is the woman. I learned the news from her several hours ago. 12. This is the problem. We argued a lot about it at the
20、last meeting. 13. Here is the boy. Everyone in the school is talking about him. 14. Mr Smith is a professor. I learned a lot from him four years ago. 15. Kitty is a little girl. I bought some flowers from her yesterday. III. 用关系副词填空 16. He wants to return to the college _ he studied chemistry when h
21、e was young. 17. The children today are lucky as they are living in a time _ our country is developing fast. 18. My grandfather was born in the year _ the Second World War broke out. 19. Do you know any shops nearby _ I can buy flowers? 20. His mother was ill. Maybe that was the reason _ he was late
22、 this morning. 21. Uncle Tom could never forget the day _ the little girl died. 22. Blues first appeared in the countries _ there were a lot Black people. 23. The story happened in 1980 _ China was just open to the outside world. 24. He often thinks of the small village _ he grew up and had lots of
23、sweet memories. 【经典幽默】 More polite A fat man and a skinny man were arguing about who was more polite. The skinny man said he was more polite because he always tipped his hat to ladies. But the fat man said he was the more courteous because whenever he got up and offered his seat, two ladies could si
24、t down. 【试题答案】 I. 1. in which 2. on which 3. with whom 4. about which 5. on which 6. with which 7. under which 8. in which 9. on which 10. at which II. 11. This is the woman from whom I learned the news several hours ago. 12. This is the problem about which we argued a lot at the last meeting. 13. Here is the boy about whom everyone in the school is talking. 14. Mr Smith is a professor from whom I learned a lot four years ago. 15. Kitty is a little girl from whom I bought some flowers yesterday. III. 16. where 17. when 18. when 19. where 20. why 21. when 22. where 23. when 24. where
