1、Module 9 Unit 2 Witnessing time 单元学案 【目标要点】 一、重点单词 二重点短语 1_n. 政治 1_对产生影响 2_adj. 神圣的 2. _ 夺取对的控 制权 3_vt.击败，战胜 3. _ 在的名下 4_n.偷窃 4. _展出；展览 5_n.摩擦，争端 5. _做出的姿态 6_adj.持续的，稳定的 6. _ 对仁慈 7_n.一致同意 7. _被指控犯罪 8_vtvi.打扰，使恼怒； 8. _判处死刑 9_adv.秘密地 9. _ 焦点；活动中心 10_vt.扩大，放大 10._ 除了 11_n. 发起人，赞助商 11._ 从方面来说 12_adv.先前，
2、以前 12._在的保护下 13_n.保险 13._按时完成 14_n.综合体，集合体 14._主要部分 15_n.装饰，装饰品 15._ 追溯到 16_vt.检查，视察 16._生（孩子） ；产生 17_n.承认，认可；识别 17._对不忠 18_n.管理；规则，条例 18._增加 19_vt.珍惜，珍爱 19._是所在地 20_n.最后期限 20._ 为 做好准 备 三、词汇联想 1.professional adj.-_n. 2.ignorance n.-_v. 3.symbolize v.-_n. 4.appoint v.-_n. 5.explosion n.-_ v. 6.drama
3、n.-_adj. 7.impress v.-_adj. 8.permit v.-_n. 9.deliberate adj.-_adv. 10expose v.-_n. 四重点句型 1The film is boring, _(其音乐也是如此) 。 2The gallery _(收藏了许多现代艺术作品 )。 3I hadnt seen him for many years, but he _(一点没变)。 4He went straight along the dark street _(没有意识到危险) 。 5_(他在这城市住了很久 ), he knew it well. 6_(坐落在第二个庭
4、院 )，Lingen Palace adds to the impressiveness and beauty of Changling. 7Preservation to the Ming and Qing Tombs _(被给予了极大的关注) in recent years. 8The Great Pyramid _(总被和埃及联系起来)。 9On the top of the hill _( 耸立着纪念阵亡英雄的纪念碑 ). 10_(他把一生积蓄投资到了他儿子的事业) after he retired. 五、语法精讲 分词 分词有现在分词与过去分词两种，分词保留有动词的一些特征。 I.分
5、词的句法作用 1.作定语 单个分词作定语一般放在它所修饰的名词前，但有时也可放在名词后；分词短语作定语 必须放在被修饰的名词后。例如： The woman teacher giving us oral lessons is from America. Some of the experiments described in the book are easy to perform. 注：分词作定语与动词不定式作定语的区别是：现在分词表示主动，进行之意，过去分词 表示被动与完成，而不定式表示在谓语动词表示的动作之后即将发生的动作 例如： The question discussed at the
6、 meeting is quite confidential。 The question being discussed at the meeting is quite confidential. The question to be discussed at the meeting is quite confidential. 2.作宾语补足语 现在分词作宾语补足语表示动作正在进行，宾语是动作发发出者；过去分词做补语补 足语具有被动意义，宾语是动作的承受者。可带宾语补足语的常用动词有 see, watch, hear, find, notice, leave, smell, have, ge
7、t, make 等。在由“have, get, see +直接宾语+过去分词”的句型 中，表达的动作不是由主语所指的人做的，而是由别人做的。例如： My hair is too long. I am going to have it cut. We found the path covered with snow. 3.作状语 分词及分词短语作状语可表示时间，原因，条件，结果，让步，方式或伴随情况。分 词（短语）可以放在句首也可放在句末，通常用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。分词前可带 “when, while, as, once, until, if ”等连接词。例如： Walking along
8、the street, we found a purse lying on the ground. Being very tired, he fell asleep immediately. Having failed several times, they didnt lose heart. He was sitting at his desk, looking at his watch. 4.作表语 现在分词作表语多表示主语具有的特征；过去分词作表语多表示主语的状态，要特别 注 意区分下述常用现在分词与过去分词。如： amazing， amazed ；exciting ，excited ；
9、 interesting interested ；surprising ，surprised；boring， bored ；inspiring ，inspired ；moving ，moved ；discouraging，discouraged ；delighting ，delighted；disappointing，disappointed ；encouragi ng，encouraged；pleasing，pleased；puzzling，puzzled ；satisfying，satisfied ；worrying ，w orried 例如： The young generation i
10、s quite promising. My home village is surrounded by beautiful hills. II分词的时态和语态 分词保留了动词的一些特征，具有时态和语态的变化，但过去分词只有一般式，见下表。 1构成（以 study 和 go 为例） 2用法 (1) 一般式：现在分词的一般式说明分词表示的动作和句中谓语动作同时发生或表示分词 表示的动作发生后，句中谓语动作立刻发生；过去分词的一般式说明分词表示的动作在句 中谓语动作之前发生或者某些持续性动作的分词表示与句中谓语动作并无先后之分。例如： One day a few weeks later I foun
11、d myself sitting in a village house， facing an old man of about eighty. (2) 现在分词的完成式：现在分词的完成式表示的动作在句中谓语动作之前发生，具有主 动意义。例如： Having finished reading the book, she put it aside. Not having received an answer, I wrote again. (3) 现在分词的被动式：一般式现在分词的被动式表示的动作和句中谓语动词表示的动作 同时发生；完成式现在分词被动语态表示的动作在谓语动词表示的动作之前发生。例如
12、： The building being built is for the professors of our institute. Not having been tested, this new-type oil pump cant be put into production. III. 分词复合结构 分词短语在句中作状语，一般没有自己的主语，句中的主语通常就是分词短语的逻辑 主语，但有时分词短语可有自己的主语，有名词或代词表示，放在分词短语之前，他 们之间有着逻辑上的主谓关系，这种结构即为分词复合结构，也称为分词独立结构。 分词复合结构主要有以下形式： 1.分词逻辑主语+分词 Ever
13、ything having been prepared, they began to make a new experiment. The meeting being over, we held a discussion. Weather permitting, we shall make a trip to Mount Tai 2.由 with（或 without）+分词逻辑主语+分词 With night coming on, bats came out. He left the room angrily, without a word more spoken. 3.由 There bei
14、ng +主语构成 There being a lot of books to read, he often studied till midnight. There being nothing important, she didnt want to trouble you. 4.分词复合结构的逻辑谓语部分如果是“系表”结构，分词 being 常常不出现，而仅有表 语，常为形容词，副词，名词，介词短语或不定式。例如： The question (being) easy, I got full marks. The war over, all the Chinese Peoples Volunt
15、eers came back to China. 5.独立的分词短语 有些分词短语和句中的主语并不发生直接的关系，大多已构成固定的习惯用语，仅 起插入语作用，可看作独立成分。例如： Generally speaking, this book is not very interesting. Judging from your accent, you must be from Shandong。 非谓语动词专练 1. I smell something _ in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute? (2007 全国) A. burning
16、B. burnt C. being burnt D. to be burnt 及 物 动 词 不及物动词 及物与不及物动词 时态 语态 类别 主动语态 被动语态 主动语态 一般式 Studying being studied Going 现在分词 完成式 having studied having been studied having going 过去分词 一般式 studied Gone 2. - The last one _ pays the meal. - Agreed! (2007 全国) A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving
17、3. He is a student at Oxford University, _for a degree in computer science.(2007 北京) A. studied B. studying C. to have studied D. to be studying 4. After a knock at the door, the child heard his mothers voice_ him.(2007 上海) A. calling B. called C. being called D. to call 5. The Town Hall _ in the 18
18、00s was the most distinguished building at that time. (2007 上 海) A. to be completed B. having been completed C. completed D. being completed 6. - Can I smoke here ? (2007 江苏) - Sorry. We dont allow _ here. A. people smoking B. people smoke C. to smoke D. smoking 7. He is very popular among his stude
19、nts as he always tries to make them _ in his lectures. (2007 江苏) A. interested B. interesting C. interest D. to interest 8. My parents have always made me _ about myself, even when I was twelve. (2007 江苏) A. feeling well B. feeling good C. feel well D. feel good 9. Jenny hopes that Mr Smith will sug
20、gest a good way to have her written English _ in a short period. (2007 福建) A. improved B. improving C. to improve D. improve 10. - come on, please give me some ideas about the project. (07 福建) - Sorry. With so much work _ my mind, I almost break down. A. filled B. filling C. to fill D. being filled
21、答案：1-10 ACBAC DADAB 【典型试题】 1.in terms of 意为 ”就.来说 ,从方面来说”例如: In terms of salary, the job is good, but it has some disadvantages. 就薪酬而言,这份工作挺好,但他也有一些不足之处. 【例 1】 _ achievement, last weeks ministerial meeting of the WTO here earned a low, though not failing, grade.( 湖南 2006) A. In terms of B. In case o
22、f C. As a result of D. In face of 【点拨】选 A. 句意:就成就而言,上周在这儿举行的世贸组织部长级会议尽管没有失败,但首 先甚微. In case of 万一,以防; as a result of 由于;in face of 面对,面临. 2. economical 意为” 节约的,省钱的 , 经济的”. 例如: She is an economical housekeeper, and feeds her family cheaply. 她勤俭持家,一家人吃得很省. 【例 2】 Small cars are _ of fuel, so they have
23、more appeal for consumers.(上海 2006 春) A. free B. short C. typical D. economical 【点拨】 选 A 句意: 小型汽车省油,所以它们对消费者更有吸引力. 3. add add to 把 加在.上 add to 增加, 增强 add up to 加起来总和是, add sth up 把加起来 例如: Do you want to add your name to the list? 你想把你的名字加到名单里吗? The bad weather only added to our difficulties. 恶劣的天气只是
24、增加了我们的困难. 【例 3】There have been several new events _ to the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.(北京 2006) A. added B. to added C., adding D. added 【点拨】选 D 句意为: 已有几个新的比赛项目增添到 2008 奥运会计划中. add 过去分词做 后置定语. 【考点演练】 一、单项选择 从、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案 1. No one has had _ greater impact on _ Western civilizatio
25、n than _ ancient Greeks. A. a; the ; the B. a ; / ; the C. the ; / ; the D. / ; the ; / 2.I feel sure that _ qualification, ability and experience, you are abundantly suited the position we have in mind. A. in case of B. in terms of C. in the opinion of D. in the course of 3. It rained continuously
26、for about 3 hours on the way, completely _ his appointment with the interviewer. . A. ruined B. to ruin C. ruining D. ruins 4. The beginning of the story is excellent, _is the ending, _ leaves us much to think. A. as; that B. so; that C. as ; which D. such ; which 5. By improving reading skills, you
27、 can read faster and understand more of _you once thought impossible to understand. A. that B. what C. which D. whether 6. This novel is _ in the modern city, San Francisco , so once _, it will be very popular. A. put; publishes B. set; having published C. put; publishing D. set; published 7. Increa
28、sing the publics awareness of environmental protection is _ of improving our eco-system. A. part and parcel B. first of all C. safe and sound D.back and forth 8. We should keep in learning new knowledge and getting informed of latest technology to _ the advance of times. A. keep up with B. keep pace
29、 with C. keep in touch with D. keep in with 9. He had once been _ with drug dealings, but evidence found later proved his innocence. A. accused B. sentenced C. charged D. tried 10. _ no classes on on Sunday, most students stay at home. A. There are B. There have C. There being D. There having 11. Th
30、e Ming Tombs are located _ of Beijing in a place called Shisanling. A. northwest B. in northwest C. on the northwest D. the northwest. 12. _ on such a hot afternoon, the swimming pool was very busy. A. Not surprising B. Not surprised C. No surprise D. Not surprisingly 13. - Which team won the game?
31、-_. I am not interested in rugby. A. Sorry, youve got me there. B. Never ask me. C. I dont know. D. Let me think 14. - May I smoke here ? - If you _, choose a seat in the smoking section. A. should B. could C. must D. may 15. There was_ women had no right to vote, could not go to college _ choose th
32、eir jobs. A. the time when; and B. a time when; or C. in time then; or D. some time when; and 二、阅读理解 A Stepping into a pool of water is common enough, but who could ever imagine stepping into a pool of fish? In February of 1974, Bill Tapp, an Australian farmer, saw a rain of fish that covered his fa
33、rm. How surprised he must have been! What caused this strange occurrence? This is a question that had long puzzled people who study fish. The answer turned out to be a combination of wind and storm. When it is spring in the northern part of the world, it is fall in Australia. Throughout the autumn s
34、eason, terrible storms arise and rains flood the land. The strong winds sweep over Australia like huge vacuum cleaners (吸尘器) collecting seaweed, pieces of wood, and even schools of fish. Strong winds may carry these bits of nature for many miles before vacuum dropped them on fields, houses, and asto
35、nished people. Although they seem unusual, fish-falls occur frequently in Australia. When Bill Tapp was asked to describe the scene of fish, he remarked, “They look like millions of dead birds falling down.“ His statement is not surprising. The wonders of the natural world are as common as rain. Nat
36、ure, with it infinite wonders, can create waterfalls that flow upward and fish that fall out of the sky. 1. What is this passage about? A. A wonder of rain. B. The Climate in Australias northern part. C. A rain of fish. D. The damage done by floods. 2. Fish-falls occur in Australia _. A. quite often
37、 B. not so frequently C. only in winter D. when the air is calm 3. The word “infinite“ is closest in meaning to _. A. easy B. difficult C. countless D. dangerous B WHAT causes traffic jams? Too many cars, right? No! Some Brits are now saying that traffic lights are to blame for much of the congestio
38、n. They suggest that traffic lights be removed at busy intersections. The Conservatives are proposing that white lines, signs and traffic lights be removed from Britains high streets. They believe people are a better judge of when its safe to go , not a traffic light programmed by an absent regulato
39、r. A report from the Institute of Economic Affairs, a UK think tank, argues that abolishing traffic signals would decrease congestion, reduce exhaust ( 排气 ) emissions and improve safety. The report said that removing lights would also prevent other bad behavior caused by signals, such as speeding up
40、 to catch a green light or rushing to avoid red lights. It would also avoid the wasted time when drivers have to sit at a red light even if no one is using the green. The idea may sound strange, but its not new. Seven cities and regions in Europe are experimenting with no-lights roads. Drachten in t
41、he Netherlands has gotten rid of 16 of its traffic light crossings and converted the other two to roundabouts under a “shared space“ scheme. At junctions ( 交叉处 ), cyclists dutifully raise their arm when they want to make a turn, and drivers follow a first-arrived, first- through approach and communi
42、cate by hand signs, nods and waving. The result? Typical journey time has been cut in half, and accidents and congestion have mostly disappeared. There have been small collisions but no problem, said Hans Monderman, initiator of the scheme. “We want small accidents, in order to prevent serious ones.
43、 It works well because its dangerous. The driver has to be responsible for his or her own risk. “The many rules strip（夺去） us of the ability to be considerate. Were losing our capacity for socially responsible behavior,“ Monderman added. So far, Drachtens residents have called the experiment a succes
44、s. “I am used to it now,“ said Helena Spaanstra, 24. “You drive more slowly and carefully, but somehow you seem to get around town quicker.“ Tony Ooostward, 70, was equally enthusiastic. “I am a walker and now you are the boss at the crossroads: everyone waits for you. But at the same time pedestrians wait until there are a number of people wanting to cross at the same time.“ Owen Paterson, UKs Shadow Transport Minister, visited Drachten. He said Britain should learn from the model. “The idea is to create space wher
