1、英语：Unit5Rhythmlesson1 performance 学案（北师 大版必修 2） 一. 时间状语从句 1. when 引导的时间状语从句，常译为“当的时候”，when 的从句可以用延续性动词， 也可以用点动词。 eg. He was working at the table when I went in. 当我进去的时候，他正在桌旁工作。 Someone knocked at the door when I was sleeping. 当我正在睡觉时，有人敲门。 I will visit my good friend when I have time. 当我有空儿时，我将去看望我
2、的好友。 I worked for a foreign company when I was in Shanghai. 当我在上海时，我为一家外国企 业工作。 注：when 也可以作并列连词，表示一个动词正在进行的时候，突然间发生了另外一件 事。 eg. I was fishing by the river, when someone called for help. 我正在河边钓鱼，就在那时有人求救。 We were working in the chemistry lab, when the lights went out. 我们正在化学实验室工作，突然灯都熄灭了。 2. while 引导
3、的时间状语从句，常译为 “与同时，在期间” ，while 的从句中常用 延续性动词或表示状态的词。 eg. They rushed in while we were discussing problems. 当我们正在讨论问题时，他们冲了进来。 Father was cleaning the car while I was playing computer games. 当我正在打电子游戏时，爸爸正在清洗汽车。 注：while 也可以作并列连词，表转折的关系，相当于 but，译为“然而”。 eg. I like listening to music, while my brother like
4、s doing sports. 我喜欢听音乐，而我的兄弟爱好运动。 3. as 引导的时间状语从句，常译为“当的时候，一边一边”as 的从句中可使用延 续性动词，也可使用点动词。 eg. He sang as he was working. 他一边工作一边唱歌。 As time goes by, we have a better understanding of things around us . 随着时间的推移，我们对自己周围的事物有了更好的理解。 4. before 和 after 引导的时间状语从句，before 强调主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前， 而 after 强调主句的动作发生
5、在从句的动作之后。 eg. He had been a cook before he went to college. 他上大学前曾当过厨师。 He called me after he had finished his work. 他在工作完之后给我打了个电话。 注：若主句和从句两个动作发生的先后顺序十分接近，那么也可以不用完成时态，例 如上面的第二句可改成：He called me after he finished his work. 5. as soon as 引导的时间状语从句，译为“一就” 。 eg. He will go to see you as soon as she get
6、s here. 他一到这里就会去看你。 She got everything ready as soon as she got to school. 她一到学校就把一切都准备好了。 6. since 引导的时间状语从句，译为“自从”，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过 去时。 eg. We have made many dumplings since we began to cook. 自从我们开始做饭起，我们已经包了许多饺子了。 We havent seen each other since we parted. 我们自从分手以后一直没见过面。 注：常用句型：It is +时间段 +sinc
7、e 从句 译为：自从 有多长时间了。 eg. It is six years since she graduated from the university. 自从她大学毕业已有六年的时间了。 7. till 和 until 引导的时间状语从句，译为“直到为止”，not till / until 引导的时间状 语从句，译为“ 直到才” 。前者强调主句动作的结束，用延续性动词，后者强调主句动 作的开始，用点动词。 eg. I will wait for my friend until / till he comes. 我要一直等到我朋友来。 We wont start our discussio
8、n until / till he comes. 我们要等到他来了，再开始我们的讨论。 二、让步状语从句: though, although 注意： 当有 though, although 时，后面的从句不能有 but，但是 though 和 yet 可连用 Although its raining, they are still working in the field. 虽然在下雨，但他们仍在地里干活。 He is very old, but he still works very hard. 虽然他很老，但仍然努力地工作。 Though the sore be healed, yet a
9、 scar may remain. 伤口虽愈合，但伤疤留下了。 （谚语） 典型例题 1） _she is young, she knows quite a lot. A. When B. However C. Although D. Unless 答案：C。意为虽然她很年轻，却知道许多。 2) as, though 引导的倒装句 as / though 引导的让步从句必须表语或状语提前（形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前） 。 Child as /though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do. = Though he was a sm
10、all child, he knew what was the right thing to do. 注意： a. 句首名词不能带任何冠词。 b. 句首是实义动词，其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随 实义动词一起放在主语之前。 Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily. = Though he tries hard, he never seems 虽然他尽了努力，但他的工作总做的不尽人意。 3) ever if, even though. 即使 Well make a trip
11、even though the weather is bad. 4) whetheror- 不管都 Whether you believe it or not, it is true. 5) “no matter +疑问词“ 或“疑问词 +后缀 ever“ No matter what happened, he would not mind. Whatever happened, he would not mind. 替换：no matter what = whatever no matter who = whoever no matter when = whenever no matter
12、where = wherever no matter which = whichever no matter how = however 注意：no matter 不能引导主语从句和宾语从句。 （错）No matter what you say is of no use now. （对）Whatever you say is of no use now. 你现在说什么也没用了。(Whatever you say 是主语从句) （错）Prisoners have to eat no matter what theyre given, （对）Prisoners have to eat whatever theyre given. 囚犯们只能给什么吃什么。
