1、2012高二英语学案2：Unit 4 Public transport（牛津译林版选 修7） 姓名 班级 学号 完成情况 学习目标 动词词组 学习重点 掌握动词词组的意思和用法 预习内容 预习第56-57页的内容 要求 完成学案练习、workbook C1,C2部分 英语中的动词,按其构成,可分为单词动词(single-word verb)和短语动词(phrasal verb)。 短语动词指由两个或两个以上单词构成的动词。这种动词主要有三种组合形式: 1) 动词+ 副词构成的动词短语 动词+副词构成的动词短语分为两类：“及物动词+副词”和 “不及物动词+副词” 。 “及物动词+ 副词 ”短语的
2、宾语既可以放在副词之前也可以放在副词之后，但如果宾语为 人称代词，则必须放在副词之前。 Eg. (1) He took off his coat. (2) Having worn his raincoat all the way, he took it off when he arrived at his office. (3) Uncle Tom passed away (去世) many years ago. (4) 他进来时脱掉外套，出去时又穿上。 He took off his coat when he entered the house and put it on again whe
3、n he went out. (take off 是及物短语动词) (5) There is often a spectators balcony at airports, where people can watch the planes taking off and landing. (take off 是不及物短语动词) (6) His words puzzled me so much that I spent several minutes _. A. making it up B. to make it up C. figured it out D. to figure it out
4、 总结：及物动词必须加宾语意思才完整的动词。不及物动词，就是不必加宾语意思就完 整的动词。 2) 动词+ 介词构成的动词短语 动词+介词构成的动词短语相当于及物动词，不可分开使用，其后可以直接跟宾语，宾 语通常是名词、代词、动名词等，在被动语态中介词不能省略。 Eg. 1. Kate is looking after his sick mother. 2. 前几天我遇到我的一个老朋友王晓林。 I came across one of my old classmates Wang Xiaoping. 3.I agree with (与看法一致)you on that point. 4. Befo
5、re long he took to (爱上) a girl student in his class. 3) 动词+ 副词+介词构成的动词短语 这类动词短语的宾语只能放在介词的后面. 常见的短语有： break away from，go on with，catch up with，look down on/upon，look up to，make up for，put up with。在“动词+ 副词+介词”的组合中，短语动词只能看作是一个动词,绝对不能拆开。 Eg.1. I couldnt put up with (忍受) the noise any longer. 2. I dont _
6、 computer games. I think its a waste of time. A. go away with B. go into C. go after D. go in for 注意：在“动词 +副词+介词“的组合中,短语动词只能看作是一个动词,绝对不能拆开。另 外,还需要注意的是，以上三类短语动词都是一些固定搭配，这些短语动词与某些非固定搭 配是有区别的。试比较(1)The lights went out. (2) He put on his coat and went out. 例(1)中的 went out (熄灭) 是由“动词+副词”构成的短语动词。例(2)中的 we
7、nt out (出去) 不 是短语动词，went 是动词，out 是副词，作状语。 补充: 动词+ 名词 +介词构成的动词短语: 常见的这类短语有：make friends with，take care of，make room for，make jokes about，make an apology to，take pride in ，pay attention to 等。 Eg. 1. Lucy threw away some useless stuff to make room for her new bookcase. 2. Special attention should be _t
8、he pronunciation. A. paid for B. paid to C. taken of D. taken to .读读猜猜: 有很多动词短语不止有一个含义，需要我们利用语境来灵活运用。请写出下列短语意思. 1.（1）His accent gives him away as a southerner. 泄露 (2) He gave away most of his money to charity. 捐赠 (3) They gave away their last chance of winning the match. 丧失 (4) The mayor gave away t
9、he prizes at the school sports day. 颁发 2. (1) This price takes in the cost of transportation and food. 包括 (2) He was homeless, so we took him in. 收容 (3) Fish take in oxygen through their gills. 吸收 (4) I hope youre taking in what Im saying. 领会 . 高频动词 bring 要点 bring in 引进；挣得 bring about 引起，导致 bring up
10、 养育，培养；呕吐；提出 bring out 使展现，推出（书、唱片等） bring down 降低；使倒下 bring back 把带回来；使忆 起；使恢复 bring forth 结果，生产，产生 bring forward 提出；提前 bring off 圆满完成（困 难之事）bring on 惹来（坏的结果） ；加速生长。 精练 1. The Internet has brought _big changes in the way we work. A. about B. out C. back D. up 2. The teacher made up a sentence to _t
11、he meaning of the phrase. A. show off B. turn out C. bring out D. take in 3. As we all know, air pollution often _ diseases. A. brings on B. brings up C. brings back D. brings forward break 要点 break down 崩溃，瓦解；垮掉；失败；（化学）分解；（公共场所）失去理智 break up 打碎；大学放假；（物理）分解；分开，分成（几部分） ；结束；制止 break through 逾 越，突破；冲破
12、break away(from)挣脱，脱离 break out 爆发 break in 破门而入 break off 折 断；中断 break into 进入建筑物以便行窃；突然发出或开始；打扰。 精练 4. News reports say peace talks between the two countries _with no agreement reached. A. have broken down B. have broken out C. have broken in D. have broken up 5. You should relax yourself, otherwi
13、se you will _in time. A. break off B. break up C. wear out D. break down 6. Until then did I realize that their marriage was _because they had little in common. A. breaking up B. breaking down C. breaking through D. breaking off come 要点 come about 发生 come out 结果出来；出版；泄露；开花 come on 跟随；作为挑战 语；进展 come
14、across 偶遇；被理解 come true 变为现实 come up 走上前；被提出；长 出地面；走近；升起 come up with 产生，发现（解决办法、答案等） come along 一 起来 come back 回来；顶嘴 come by 努力获得 come to 总计；清醒过来 come off 脱落；进展。 精练 7. The girl is clever and she always _ good ideas whenever she is in trouble. A. comes about B. comes up with C. gets up as D. comes u
15、p 8. I dont feel like going out. Why dont we watch TV at home? _You promised to take me out for dinner. A. Really? B. Not at all. C. Why not? D. Come on! 9. I have no idea how it _ that the man met with trouble again. A. came up B. came out C. came across D. came about carry 要点 carry off 获胜；成功做成（困难之
16、事） carry on 继续，坚持 carry out 执行 carry through 帮助渡难关；完成，实现 carry back 使忆起 carry away 失去理智。 精练 10. We didnt plan our art exhibition like that but it _ very well. A. worked out B. tried out C. went on D. carried on 11. Its a good idea. But whos going to _ the plan? I think Tom and Greg will. A. set asid
17、e B. carry out C. take in D. get through 12. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _ the next year. A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out get 要点 get about 四处走动；传开 get across 传达 get alongon (with)进展，相处 get away 逃脱，设法离开 get down 下来；下车 get in 收割；到达；请来帮忙；考取 ge
18、t off 出发；下班 get together 聚会 get up 起床；组织，筹划 get up as 打扮成 get through 接通；通过；花费 get back 取回；回到某地；继续做 get by 勉强够花 get down to 开始认真干 get out 被人知道，泄露；逃离 get over 克服，成功应付；恢复， 复原。 精练 13. It was not a serious illness, and she soon _ it. A. got over B. got on with C. got around D. got out of 14. Were going
19、to _ with some friends for a picnic. Would you like to join us? A. get in B. get over C. get along D. get together 15. His mother had thought it would be good for his character to _ from home and earn some money on his own. A. run away B. get away C. keep away D. take away give 要点 give up 放弃 give in
20、 屈服；呈交 give out 用尽，耗尽；分发；公布，发表；发出 give away 露马脚；颁发；赠送，送掉；捐赠 give off 发出 give back 归还；使恢复。 精练 16. His strong accent _ when he was trying to tell a lie. A. put him off B. let him out C. gave him away D. turned him up 17. During the urgent period, the ministry of foreign affairs _ brief news every day.
21、 A. gave away B. gave out C. gave up D. gave off 18. Dont mention that at the beginning of the story, or it may _ the shocking ending. A. give away B. give out C. give up D. give off go 要点 go against 违背；与不符；对不利 go without 勉强维持，凑合 go in for 爱好，参加；从事 go by 过去；依据，按照 go on 继续；发生 go over 复习 ；仔细审查；走近 go a
22、head 进行 go though 被通过；从头到尾地阅读；排练；经 历 go away 走开；外出度假；消失 go for 去取来或接来；争取得到 go out 出去, 熄灭, 过时, 罢工, 向往, 辞职, 倒塌。 精练 19. I dont _ rocknroll. Its much too noisy for my taste. A. go after B. go away with C. go into D. go in for 20. Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened t
23、o _. A. be put up B. give in C. be turned on D. go out 21. The price _, but I doubt whether it will remain so. A. went down B. will go down C. has gone down D. was going down hold 要点 hold on to 保留，抓住不放 hold back 隐瞒；阻碍（某人发展） ；（因谨慎而）退缩； 控制（情感） hold out 维持；抵抗，硬撑 hold up 举起；（常用被动语态）延搁，阻 滞；支撑 hold up as
24、作为榜样 hold off 拖延；（雨雪等）迟迟不来；保持距离 hold down 控制（上升） ；压制 hold in 抑制 hold on 别挂断，等会儿；坚持 hold over 延期；以 要挟 hold together 团结一起。 精练 22. We thought of selling this old furniture, but weve decided to _it. It might be valuable. A. hold on to B. keep up with C. turn to D. look after 23. We meant to finish the t
25、ask by dark, but we were so tired that we could not _. A. hold on B. keep to C. last on D. stick to 24. How long can they _ against the disaster? A. hold back B. hold out C. hold up D. hold over keep 要点 keep away（from ）使远离 keep back 扣除，保留；隐瞒不讲 keep off 避开； 不踩、吃、谈等 keep on 继续 keep out 挡在外边；(警示语) 请勿靠近
26、 keep up 保 持，不低落；持续，继续 keep up with 跟上 keep down 抑制（以防其增长） 。 精练 25. The story is so interesting that he doesnt _ it even though it is time for lunch. A. get rid of B. keep away from C. break away from D. tear himself away from 26. There is a piece of board at the gate of the construction, which read
27、s: _ without permission. A. keep away B. keep out C. keep off D. keep up 27. Would you slow down a bit, please? I cant _ you. A. keep up with B. put up with C. make up to D. hold on to look 要点 look ahead 向前看 look about 环顾 look after 照看；负责处理 look back 回忆，回顾 look out 当心；找出 look on 旁观 look up 向上看；查阅；形势
28、 好转；看望 look down upon 看不起 look forward to 盼望 look through 翻阅 look into 调查；向内看 look round 寻找；边走边看，观光 look over 检阅；逐一检查。 精练 28. _ this book and tell me what you think of it. A. Look through B. Look on C. Look into D. Look up 29. _! There is a train coming. A. Look out B. Look around C. Look forward D.
29、 Look on 30. She _ _ her number in the phone book to make sure that she had got it right. A. looked up B. looked for C. picked out D. picked up make 要点 make up 编造；给某人化妆；组成，构成；补齐，凑足；准备，布置 make up of 由构成 make up for 补偿，弥补 make out 辨认出 make into 制成；使成为 make from 制成 make of 制成；理解，看待，对待 make out of 由制成 m
30、ake for 走向，冲向；有助于，倾向于 make off 溜掉 make over（正式依法）转 让。 精练 31. Tom was so busy these days because he had a lot of papers to _. A. take up B. make up C. work up D. hold up 32. Doctors say early rising _ good health. A. makes off B. makes for C. makes out D. makes up 33. The idea puzzled me so much that
31、 I stopped for a few seconds to try to _. A. make it out B. make it off C. make it up D. make it over put 要点 put across 表达清楚 put back 放回原处；拨回；阻碍；推迟 put down 揭下来； 踩下；停车下人；平定，镇压；记下 put aside 放下（正在读的书或正在干的活） ；储蓄； 不顾，忽视 put away 将事物放置于惯常保存之处；储蓄；过度吃喝；放弃 put forth（正 式）长出 put forward 提出（计划、建议） ；拨快；提前 put i
32、n 插嘴；安装；花费 put off 延期；推诿，闪避 put on 穿戴；假装；安排；上映 put out 扑灭；生产 put up 为某人提供食宿；短期住宿；建造；举起；张贴，公布 put up with 容忍。 精练 34. You can take anything from the shelf and read, but please _ the books when youve finished with them. A. put on B. put down C. put back D. put off 35. Before the war broke out, many peo
33、ple _ in safe places possessions they could not take with them. A. threw away B. put away C. gave away D. carried away 36. The forest guards often find campfires that have not been _ completely. A. turned down B. put out C. put away D. turned over send 要点 send for 派人去请；订购 send up 上升；发射；取笑 send out 发
34、送；长出；发 出（请柬、信号等） send off 送行；邮寄出 send away 送走；解雇 send down 下降；开 除（大学学生） send forth 长出 send in 寄去。 精练 37. Will somebody go and get Dr. White? Hes already been _. A. asked for B. sent for C. called for D. looked for 38. We can easily pick up the English programs _ by the CCTV. A. sent off B. sent out
35、C. sent away D. sent up 39. It was not until seven years old that I was _ to school. A. sent away B. sent back C. sent out D. sent for set 要点 set off 出发；引爆；引起，激发 set out 开始；动身踏上漫长旅途 set up 创建， 建立；安排；安装；竖起 set up as 当上 set about 着手干（尤指费时费劲的事） ；处 理 set aside 不顾；（为某种目的，后接 for）留出 set apart 使与众不同；（为某种 用途
36、）留出 set back 阻碍，拖后腿 set forth 启程；阐明 set in（不愉快的事情） 开始，来临 set down 下车；写下；放下。 精练 40. Its ten years since the scientist _ on his lifes work of discovering the valuable chemical. A. made for B. set out C. took off D. turned up 41. The primary school was _ where there used to be an old temple. A. set up
37、B. put up C. built up D. held up 42. If you _ any problems when you arrive at the airport, give me a ring. A. come up with B. set about C. run into D. put aside take 要点 take in 吸收 take for 误认为 take out 拿出 take down 放下 take up 从事； 拿起；占据（时间或空间） take off 飞机起飞；脱下；休假；走红 take by 攻占 take after 像 take along
38、 随身携带 take away 带走，拿走；使离去 take back 收回 （说错的话） ；退回(所购商品 )；使忆起 take charge 负责，掌管 take on 呈现；雇佣 take out 拿出；带出去 take over 接管，接任 take place 发生 take to 开始喜欢； 染上习惯 take with 与混在一起。 精练 43. Our daughter doesnt know what to _ at the university, so she cant make up her mind about her future. A. take in B. tak
39、e up C. take over D. take on 44. To keep healthy, Professor Johnson _ cycling as a regular form of exercise after he retired. A. took up B. caught on C. carried out D. made for 45. Helen always helps her mother even though going to school _ most of her day. A. takes up B. makes up C. saves up D. put
40、s up turn 要点 turn against 转而反对; 使与为敌 turn back 折回，掉转头 turn away 转身, 走开, 打发走 turn out 结果是；关上( 电灯); 赶出; 生产, 制造 turn down 拒绝; 调小 turn off 关掉; 不喜欢 turn over 打翻; 仔细思量; 翻耕；移交 turn in 上交( 作业等); 拐 入 turn into 变成; 翻译 turn on 打开;取决于 turn to 求助于; 翻到 turn up 调大; 出现。 精练 46. We wanted to get home before dark, but
41、 it didnt quite _ as planned. A. make out B. turn out C. go on D. come up 47. I can hardly hear the radio. Would you please _? A. turn it on B. turn it down C. turn it up D. turn it off 48. He was disappointed to find his suggestions _ _. A. been turned down B. turned down C. to be down D. to turn down 49. Kathy _ a lot of Spanish by playing with the native boys and girls. A. picked up B. took up C. made up D. turned up 50. The dictionary is being printed and it will soon _. A. turn out B. come out C. start out D. go out
