1、Unit8（Grammar Focus-4c ）精品教案 I. Revision 1. Check if you know these phrases . 不同种类的污染 河底 把垃圾扔到河里 在中起作用 在中国南部 对有害 在顶部 海洋生态系统 2. Translate these sentences into English. 甚至是河底都满是垃圾。 这个方法不仅残酷还对环境有害。 鲨鱼处于海洋食物链的顶部。 许多人相信鱼翅对健康有好处。 II. Grammar Focus Pay attention to the sentences 1) Were trying to save the
2、earth. 2) The river used to be so clean. 3) The air is badly polluted. 4) No scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health. 5) We should help save the sharks. 1. 现在进行时: Present Progressive 定义：表示说话时（瞬间）正在进行的动作，也表示目前或现阶段一直进行 的动作。 结构: be (am/is/ are) + v.-ing 标志词：Look, Listen, now,
3、right now e.g. Look! The boy is crying. 2. used to do 与 be used to doing used to do sth. 表示过去常常做某事, 而现在往往不做了 , 后接动词原形。 be used to doing sth. 表示习惯于做某事。 e.g. I used to get up at six oclock. Joe is used to drinking a cup of coffee ever y morning. 3. 被动语态：Passive voice 定义：表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象的一种语态。 结构：b
4、e + 过去分词 e.g. A new school was built last year. Our classroom is cleaned every day. 4. 现在完成时: Present Perfect 定义：表示动作已经完成, 但对现在造成影响; 或者表示从过去某一时间开始 一直延续到现在并还可能持续下去的动作。 结构: has/have + 过去分词 标志词：already, yet, ever, never, since, for e.g. I havent finished my homework yet. 5. 情态动词 1) 情态动词本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情
5、绪、态度或语气，但不能 单独作谓语，只能与其他动词构成谓语。常见的有：can (could), may (might), must, need, shall (should), will (would)等 2) 情态动词无人称和数的变化, 后接动词原形。否定式是在情态动词后面加 not。个别情态动词有过去式形式, 可用来表达更加客气、委婉的语气。 e.g. Ken can climb up the tress like a koala. Tracy could ride a bicycle when she was five years old. You mustnt play with fi
6、re. It is dangerous. III. Practice 1. Work on 4a. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. Joe: _ you ever _ (take) part in an environmental project ? Eric: Yes, I have. I _ (help) with a Clean-Up Day last year. It was _ (consider) the biggest clean-up project this city _
7、_ ever _ (have). Joe: How many people _ (take) pa rt? Eric: I _ (think) more than 1,000 people _ (come) to help out. Joe: Thats fantastic! I guess everyone in this city is _ (try) to improve the environment. Eric: Yes, we cant afford to _ (wait) any longer to take action! Learn some new words and ex
8、pressions. 2. Work on 4b. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate modal verbs from the box. The words are: can, would, could, have to, should, must, may/might People _ think that big things _ be done to save the earth. Many forget that saving the earth begins with small things. For example, you _ sa
9、ve electricity by turning off the lights when you leave a room. You _ also use reusable bags instead of plastic bags. I think its a great idea that you now _ pay for plastic bags in some stores. And instead of driving to school or work, you _ ride your bike or walk. If its far, you _ take the bus. A
10、ll these small things _ add up and become big things that _ improve the environment. Lets take action now! Learn some new words and expressions. 3. Work on 4c. Make a list of things that people can do to help the environment and discuss your list with your partner. use public transportation (n.交通运输)
11、; turn off the lights when you leave a room; use reusable bags instead of plastic bags; ride your bike or walk to school or work; stop using paper napkins; recycle books and paper 4. Discussion. A: I think that everyone should use public transportation. B: I disagree. Its difficult for parents with
12、young children to use public transportation IV. Language points 1. We cant afford to wait any longer to take action! afford v. 承担得起；提供, 给予 afford to do sth. (常 与 can, be ble to 连用) 买得起；有足够的 e.g. We cant afford to pay such a price. 我们付不起这个价钱。 Dancing affords us pleasure. 跳舞给我们带来快乐 2. save electricity
13、 by turning off the lights when you leave a room. turning off 关掉 e.g. Please turn the television off before you go to bed. 睡觉前请关掉电视。 拓展：turn 相关短语 turn around 转身 turn up 调高（音量） turn down 调低 ；拒绝 turn into 变成；进入 turn on 打开，发动 turn off 关掉，关闭 turn out to be 结果是 turn over 移交 V. Homework Finish the exercises in the workbook.
