1、Unit 5 English and English-speaking Countries 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： Book 15 Unit 5 (I) 学会表达惊讶、烦躁、震惊等情感态度；学会使用反意疑问句。 二、本周教学重点： 1、感叹句的构成和使用 2、反意疑问句的构成和使用 3、重点词汇的学习 三、具体内容： （一）感叹句的构成和使用：感叹句表示说话时的惊异,喜悦,气愤等情绪.这些句子常由 what 和 how 引起,what 用来修饰一个名词,how 用来修饰形容词,副词或动词. What +名词（或形容词+名词）+陈述句（主语+谓语）！ How+形容词或副词+ 陈述句（
2、主语+谓语）！ 1. What + a/an +adj. + n. (single) + S. + Predicate ! What a lovely boy he is! What an easy question it is! 2. What + adj. + n. (pl.)/ n. (U.) + S + Predicate ! What good ideas you have! What bad weather it was yesterday! 3. How + adj. + a/ an + n. (single) + S + Predicate ! How difficult a
3、problem it is! How big an egg it is! 4. How + adj./ adv. + S + Predicate! How beautiful the city is! How hard they work! 这两种感叹句在口语中常用简略式。 How cold! What heavy traffic! 比较感叹句和特殊疑问句： How busy you are! How busy are you? （二）Tag Questions反意疑问句 1、反意疑问句的意义及其构成 反意疑问句又叫附加疑问句，是指当提问的人对前面所叙述的事实不敢肯定，而需要 向对方加以证实时
4、所提出的问句。 其结构为：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简单的问句。 需要注意： （1）要根据前面陈述句的动词时态和人称来选择适当的助动词进行提问，前后两部分 的人称和动词时态要保持一致。 （2）前肯定后否定，前否定后肯定。 2、反意疑问句的运用 （1）当陈述句部分的主语是名词时，反意疑问句的主语必须用人称代词来代替。 Your brother has gone to the library, hasnt he? （2）当陈述句的主语是指示代词 this, that 时，反意疑问句的主语用 it 代替；指示代词 是 these, those 时，反意疑问句的主语用 they 代替。 Th
5、at isnt a useful book, is it? These are important reading materials, arent they? （3）当陈述句部分是 I am时，反意疑问句部分通常要用 arent I；如陈述句部分的 主语是 I am not 时，反意疑问句部分通常要用 am I。 Im late for the meeting, arent I? Im not doing well, am I? （4）当陈述部分是 everyone / everybody, someone / somebody, no one / nobody, none 等 表示人的不定
6、代词时，反意疑问句部分的主语多用 they，但也可用 he；当陈述部分的主语 是 everything, anything, something, nothing 等表示物的不定代词时，反意疑问句部分的主语 用 it。 Nobody came when I was out, did they? Everything has gone wrong today, hasnt it? （5）当陈述部分有 hardly, scarcely, barely, rarely, seldom, few, little, no, never, nothing, nobody, nowhere 等否定词或半否定
7、词时，或有包含否定前缀或后缀的词时，反意疑问句部 分要用肯定形式。 Its impossible for him to make such a mistake, is it? （6）感叹句的反意疑问句一律使用否定式，并用 be 的一般现 在时形式。 What a foolish child (he is), isnt he? （7）祈使句的反意疑问句遵循下列原则： 陈述句 反意疑问句 Lets shall we? Let us来网 will you? Let me Lets not all righ OK 其他祈使句 will you Lets go, shall we? Let us go,
8、 will you? Pass me the sugar, will you? 3、反意疑问句的回答 对反意疑问句的回答，无论问题的提法如何，如果事实是肯定的，就用 yes，事实是 否定的，就要用 no。要特别注意陈述句部分是否定结构，反意疑问句部分用肯定式提问时， 回答 yes 或 no 与汉语正好相反。这种省略回答的 yes 要译成 “不”，no 要译成“是”。 He likes playing football, doesnt he? Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt. His sister didnt attend the meeting, did she?
9、Yes, she did. / No, she didnt. （三）词汇。 1. b e used as 被作为使用 This book is used as our textbook. This song will be used as the national Anthem in that country. 2. as for 至于 ,就方面说 As for you, I never want to see you here again. 3. apart from 除去，撇开 Apart from the food and drink, there are also difference
10、s in the names of items of clothing. 4. what is more 而且，此外 She is a very excellent student. What is more, she is always ready to help others. 5. not onlybut also 放句首，需倒装。 Not only did he speak more correctly, but also spoke more fluently than before. 课堂练习 一、将下 列句子改写成感叹句： 1. Chinese people are very b
11、rave.（用 how 引导） 2. This book is very interesting. （用 what 引导） 3. Tom has drawn a beautiful picture. （用 how 引导） 4. Its quite a nice skirt. （用 how 引导） 5. The weather is quite cold. （用 what 引导） 二、完成反意疑问句。 1. “Trousers” is a British English word, _? 2. They live in Beijing, _? 3. She cant understand Eng
12、lish very well, _? 4. It would be nice to l ive in England, _? 5. He will call us later, _? 6. You did well on the test, _? 7. He seldom goes home on Sundays, _? 8. Little work has been done on the project, _? 9. There are very few people in the theater, _? 10. You have never been to Hainan, _? 11.
13、None of you have finished your homework, _? 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： Book 15 Unit 5 (II) 学习定语从句、不定代词。 二、本周教学重点： 1、定语从句的构成。 2、不定代词的用法。 3、重点词汇。 三、具体内容： （一）定语从句 1. 在复合句中作定语，修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句，叫定语从句。被定语从句所 修饰的词叫先行词，通常位于定语从句之前。引导定语从句的是关系代词 that, which, who, (whom ,whose)和关系副词 when, where, why。关系代词和关系副词位于先行词和定语从句 之
14、间，它既起联系作用，又充当从句中的一个成分。 定语从句的基本结构：先行词关系词定语从句。 关系代词 作用 先行词 例句 that, who whom(只做宾语) 主语、宾语、 表语 人 Do you know the girl who/that is standing under a tree?你知道站在树下 的女孩是谁吗？ that, which 主语、宾语、 表语 物、时间、 地点、原因 She got a computer which/that her parents bought for her.她有一台父母 买给她的电脑。 whose 定语 人 The boy whose fathe
15、r is a doctor studies very hard.他爸爸是医生的男 孩学习非常刻苦。 This is the man who helped me. who 代表人，可做主语或宾语。 The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room. whom 代表人，做宾语。 Do you know the man whose name is Wang Yun? whose 表示的，作定语，既可以 指人，也可以指物。 The building which stands near the river is our school. This is
16、the book which you want. This is the pan in which I boiled the milk. That is the dictionary which you are looking for. which 代表物，在句中可做主语，宾语和介词宾语。 注：which 作宾语时，介词可以放在 which 之前，也可以放在从句原来的位置上；在 固定词组中介词只能放在原来的位置上。 All the apples that fall are eaten by the pigs. This is the best hotel that I know. that 既
17、可以指人也可以指物，在从句中做主语或谓语 动词的宾语，但不能直接放在介词后面做介词宾语。 注：which/that 在从句中作宾语时，可以省略，做主语不可省。 关系副词 作用 先行词 例句 whose 定语 物 The classroom whose window is open is mine.窗户开着的那个教室是我的教室。 when 状语 时间 I still remember the day when you leave for Beijing.我仍然记得你去北京的那 一天。 where 状语 地点 This is the school where my mother works. 这就
18、是我妈妈工作的学校。 2. 限定性定语从句是对先行词进行修饰、限制说明的，是句中不可缺少的组成部分，主 句和从句之间不用逗号隔开。 e.g. I have a brother who is a student. 非限定性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明。没有从句不影响主句意思的完整，一 般用逗号把主句和从句分开。引导非限定性定语从句的关系代词有 who, whom, whose, which 等。这些关系代词都不能省略，通常不用关系代词 that。 e.g. I have a brother, who is a student. I have lost a pen, which I like
19、very much. 3. 在下面几种情况中必须用 that 引导定语从句 先行词是不定代词 I need something that can help me finish the work. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰 The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten. She is the cleverest girl that I have ever known. 先行词被 all, few, every, any, little, no, some 等修饰 I have read all the books tha
20、t you gave me. There was no one that I could ask for help. Ex. I. Fill in the blanks. 1. Id like to welcome all of you to No.1 Middle School _ is one of the oldest schools in Beijing. 2. To your left is the auditorium _ we have meetings and hold parties. 3. Look! There are some teachers in the offic
21、e. The woman _ hair is curly used to teach me English. 4. The things _ we call candies, they call sweets. 5. The woman _lives across the street has visited China many times. 6. “Gas” is the word _ Americans use for “petrol”. 7. This is the Palace _ the Emperors lived many years ago. 8. Webster is th
22、e man_ name appears on many American dictionaries. II. Fill in blanks with which/where/who/whose William Shakespeare might be the most famous British playwright wrote lots of famous plays. Stratford is the place he was born. And 1564 was the year he was born. Anne Hathaway was his wife married him i
23、n 1582. Susanna was the first child of William was born in 1583. Romeo and Juliet was written by him in 1595 was a love tragedy (悲剧). （二）不定代词 1. onethe other = 一个另一个 someothers = 一些另一些 another = 另一个 （同一类） other = the remaining ones none = not one ,not any (人或物) neither = not one and not the other bo
24、th = the two together any = one , no matter which all = every thing or every person every = all possible each = one or two or more persons or things considered separately no one = nobody, n o person (人 ) 2. something, somebody, someone 用于肯定句 Somebody/ Someone rang you up just now. Something is wrong
25、 with my watch. 用在表示“请求，建议”或希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句 Would you like something to drink? Can you carry something for me? 3. anything, anybody, anyone 用在否定句中 You mustnt tell it to anybody. I cant see anything. not +any 可转换为 no-的复合不定代词。 You must tell it to nobody. I can see nothing. 用于疑问句中 Cant you hear anything
26、? 用于肯定句，强调“任何人，任何事” Anybody will tell you the way. Ex. 1. way of saying exam is examination. A. The B. Another C. The other D. The another 2. There are so ma ny buildings on side of the road. A. all B. both C. either D. every 3. Have you read todays newspaper? Yes, there is in it. A. something inter
27、esting B. interesting something C. anything interesting D. interesting anything 4. I have bought a n ew watch because my old doesnt work. A. it B. one C. that D. this 5. - of the answers is right. Have a third try. -Ok. We must find the right one. A. All B. Both C. Neither D. Either 6. Look ! There
28、are _pictures on the wall.（北京） A. any B. some C. much D. bot h 7.-Do you like the pop star Zhou Jielun or the movie star Liu Dehua? -_.Im not their fan.（重庆） A. Both B. Either C. Neither D. All 8. -Got any information about High School Examination? -Well, I was trying to, but found_.（武汉） A .one B. no
29、 one C. none D. some 9. -Which of the twin sisters is a doctor? -_are.（福州） A .All B. Both C. Either D. Neither 10. -Did your parents go to climb the Zijin Mountain last Sunday?（南京） -No, they _ went to see a film. A. both B. all C .either D. every （三）词汇 1. depend on 取决于 , 决定于 He is a grow-up and does
30、nt want to depend on his parents. 他已经是成人了，依靠自己的父母. Good health largely depends on proper diet. 身体健康很大程度上要取决于膳食. 2. give up 放弃 , 不再做某事 They have already given up all hopes of seeing me again. 他们全都觉得再也看不到我了. All the people swam across the lake expect two gave up halfway. 除了两个半途放弃的人，他人都游过了那个湖. 3. Look forward to +名 词 盼望 (做 )某事 We are all looking forward to visiting your beautiful country. 我们都盼望着有机会游览你们美丽的祖国. 4. what is more 更重要的，更有甚者 5. as for至于，就 方面 As for you, I never want to see you here again. 6. apart from 除去，撇开 Apart from this consideration, there is no reason why we should not do so.
