1、【美文阅读】 海伦凯勒，美国著名的盲聋女作家、教育家，她是怎样识字，又是怎样 理解字义的呢？ Helen Keller “The most important day I remember in all my life is the one on which my teacher，Anne Mansfield Sullivan，came to me.I am filled with wonder when I consider the immeasurable(无限的) contrasts between the two lives which it connects.It was the t
2、hird of March，1887，three months before I was seven years old.”so wrote Helen Keller. The morning after the arrival of her teacher，Helen was led into a room and given a doll.After she had played with it for a while，Miss Sullivan slowly spelt the letters “doll” into her hand.At once Helen was interest
3、ed in this finger play and tried to imitate her teacher.When she finally succeeded in forming the letters correctly，she was filled with pleasure and pride.Excitedly she found her way to her mother，held up her hand and wrote the letters for “doll”And in the days that followed，she learned to spell a g
4、reat many words in this way. Helen soon learned，however，that things and actions had names.One day when she was playing with her new doll，Miss Sullivan placed the doll on her lap，made her touch it again and wrote the letters “doll”on the palm(手掌)of her hand.This was repeated several times until Helen
5、 associated the word with the object. “Once，as we were walking down the road to the well，I was attracted by some strange smell in the air.I asked， What is that strange smell in the air？Miss Sullivan led me to the well.Someone was drawing water.She took my hand and placed it under the flowing water.”
6、As the cool water washed Helens hand，Miss Sullivan spelt the word “water” into her other hand，first slowly，then quickly.Helen stood still.She knew then that “water” meant the cool liquid she was now playing with both her hands.That living word gave her joy，light and hope.She did not remember what th
7、ey all were；but she knew that mother，father，sister，and her teacher were among themwords that were to make the world bright for her.As her education progressed，Helen was living a new life full of excitement.She now had the key to language and was keen to use it. We who have eyes to see and ears to he
8、ar can learn easily.But Helen could not as she was both blind and deaf.She did not allow herself to be handicapped(身体残疾的)She made full use of all the other faculties she had to such an advantage that she became a worldfamous teacher of the blind and the deaf. 【诱思导学】 1Why was the third of March，1887
9、the most important day in Helen Kellers life? _ _ _ _ 2How did Helen Keller learn to spell? _ _ _ _ 【答案】 1.Because it was the day on which Anne Mansfield Sullivan became her teacher. 2.By imitating what her teacher wrote into her hand. Period Previewing (教师用书独具) 教学课标解读 本课时主要是通过学生对学案所给出的内容的学习，了解本课文中所
10、出现 的词汇，初步了解课文以及相关的背景知识，为下一堂课对课文的全面理解起 到一个铺垫作用。 教学地位分析 本单元是让学生初步了解名胜古迹和名人轶事的故事。通过本文的学习会 使学生对生活中的事情有更深层次的理解，尽管现阶段学生的本职任务就是学 习，但是通过本节的学习，让学生加深了对各种故事深层次的理解，所以，上 好本堂课会增进学生和老师之间的融洽关系。 (教师用书独具) 新课导入建议 用多媒体向学生展示几幅图片，其内容是关于历史和人物故事的，如端午 节的来历和无膊钢琴家刘伟的故事等等。从而转到本单元涉及的历史故事 庞培城和生活故事海伦凯勒。 教学流程设计 .篇章结构 根据课文内容在表格中的空格
11、里填入最恰当的单词(每空不超过 3 个单词) Pompeii：The city that became a time capsule Time Events other stories give us a deep lesson.Now, ask a student to tell other students his/her stories.(老师让 xxx 同学读一读他/她写的短文)。 教学流程设计 1abandon(P 5) vt.放弃；遗弃；沉溺 He abandoned the plan.他放弃了这个计划。 He abandoned his family.他抛弃了家人。 abando
12、n ones wife/hope/country 遗弃妻子/放弃希望/背弃祖国 abandon oneself to 沉溺于；纵情于 abandoned adj.被遗弃的；抛弃的；自我放任的 Dont abandon yourself to despair，well help you. 不要陷入绝望，我们会帮助你的。 There is an abandoned garden.有一个废弃的花园。 abandon/desert/quit abandon 指完全、永远地放弃，尤指对之负有责任或义 务者。 desert 强调故意违背自己的义务、责任或誓言等。 quit 指突然或出其不意地放弃，现一般指
13、“停止” 。 The man abandoned his wife and child. 这个人遗弃了他的妻子和孩子。 He was deserted by his friends.他被朋友抛弃了。 Quit smoking in this room，please. 在这房间里请勿吸烟。 用 abandon，desert，quit 的适当形式填空 The game had to be _due to the bad weather. She _ school at 17 and left home. Mike just _ her when she got pregnant. 【答案】 aba
14、ndoned quit/quitted deserted 2come into view (P 5)进入视野；出现 They picked up their cases when the train came into view.当他们看 到火车时，就把箱子拿起来了。 The Great Wall came into our view. 长城出现在我们眼前。 come into use 开始使用，获得应用 come into effect/force 生效 come into power/office 上台，就职，当权 come into contact 接触 come into being
15、出现；产生；成立 Computers first came into use in the early 1950s. 电脑最早于 20 世纪 50 年代初期开始使用。 Josie broke the new law that first came into being in 1912. 乔西违反了 1912 年开始生效的那条新颁布的法律。 【提示】 come 构成的所有短语均没有被动语态；come into.表示“进 入(某种状态)，开始(活动)” 。 完成句子 那湖很快映入眼帘。 The lake soon_ 新法令 2 年前已经实施。 The new law_2 years ago. 【答
16、案】 came into view came into force 3knock sb.over(P 5) 撞倒某人 He got up for a drink of water，and knocked over a pile of books. 他起床去喝水，结果打翻了一摞书。 Youve knocked over my drink! 你把我的饮料打翻了！ knock down 把撞倒；拆除；把(价钱)压低 knock at 敲(门、窗等) knock into sb.撞到某人身上 knock.out of.把从中敲出来 knock off 碰掉；碰下来；停止工作；减价 Knock at t
17、he door before you enter. 你进去之前要先敲门。 I was almost knocked down by a car. 我差点被一辆汽车撞倒。 A car ran into the street and knocked the woman off her bicycle. 一辆车冲进街道把一位女士从自行车上撞了下来。 【教师备课资源】 knock about 漂泊，闲逛；连续打击 knock sb./oneself out 使某人/自己筋疲力尽 knock against 撞击 用 knock 相关短语填空。 Knock _ the door before you e
18、nter. Mr Black was knocked _ by a motorcycle when crossing the street. The old houses are going to be knocked _ 【答案】 at down/over down 4witness v目击；见证 n见证人；目击者 Around the end of the first century AD， a Roman writer called Pliny wrote about a terrible volcanic eruption that he had witnessed as a youn
19、g man.(P6) 公元一世纪末左右，一位名叫普利尼的罗马作家描述了他青年时代亲眼目 睹的一场灾难性火山喷发的情景。 The 1990s witnessed the rapid development of China. 20 世纪 90 年代见证了中国的快速发展。 Police have appealed for witnesses to come forward. 警方呼吁目击者站出来。 be a witness to sth.成为的证据 give witness to sth.为提供证据 give witness on behalf of sb.为某人作证 in witness of
20、作为的证明 witness to doing sth.证实做了某事 Her principal was called to witness to her good character.她的校 长被叫来证明她优良的品德。 A taxi driver witnessed to having seen the accused enter the building. 一位出租车司机作证说曾看到被告进了那座大楼。 witness/see/look/watch/notice witness “见证” ，侧重看到某事物后，能够作为证人，提供证据。 see “看见” ，表示视觉器官有意识或无意识地看到物体，强
21、调“看到” 的结果。 look “看” ，表示有意识地观看，强调“看”的动作。 watch “观看；注视” ，指集中注意力观看。 notice “看到；注意到” ，有意识地注意，含有“从不注意到注意”的变化 的意思。 Can you see the evidence of the volcano from the stone？你能从这 石头上看到火山的证据吗？ Look！There is a rare old vase in the hole. 看！那洞里有一个罕见的花瓶。 Watch what I do and how I do it. 注意看我的动作和方法。 He noticed that
22、 a river of liquid rock was coming towards him.他 发现有一股岩浆在朝他流来。 用 look，see，watch，notice，witness 的适当形式填空 我目睹了一次事故。 I _an accident. 我看到一只野兔在吃草。 I _a hare eating grass. 看！那是什么？ _！Whats that? 孩子们正在观看一场足球赛。 The children are _ a football match. 我注意到空中有只鸟在飞。 I _a bird flying in the sky. 【答案】 witnessed saw L
23、ook watching noticed 5occur (occurred，occurring) vi.发生；出现；存在 The eruption had occurred on August 24th，79 AD.(P 6) 火山爆发发生在公元 79 年 8 月 24 日。 When did the accident occur? 事故是什么时候发生的？ The disease occurs most frequently in rural areas. 那种疾病多见于农村地区。 sth.occurs to sb.(sth.strikes sb.)某事被某人想起 It occurs to s
24、b.that.某人突然想起 It occurs to sb.to do sth.某人想起做某事 occurrence nC事件；发生的事U(事件的)发生；出现 A good idea occurred to me. 我想起了一个好主意。 It occurred to her that he was angry. 她突然发现他生气了。 occur/happen/come about/take place/break out occur 发生；想到，突然想起；存在 happen 发生，碰巧(偶然发生，突然发生，没有计划安排) come about 发生，产生(侧重不受控制地出现、产生) take
25、place 发生，举行，举办(多指非偶然性事件的发生) break out 发生，爆发(多指战争、灾难、疾病或争吵等事件的发 生) 【提示】 当说“某人想到某事”时，常用 sth.occurs to sb.，用 sth. 作主语。occur 为不及物动词，没有被动语态(同 happen，take place，come about)。 【对接高考】 (2010陕西高考)It never occurred to me _ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. Awhich Bwhat Cthat Dif 【解析】 考查固定句
26、型。我从来没有想到你能成功地说服他改变主意。 It occurs to sb.that.的意思为“某人突然想到 ”，其中 that 引导主语 从句，it 为形式主语，指代 that 从句的具体内容。 【答案】 C 用 occur，happen，come about，take place，break out 的适当形式填空 An excellent idea _to me when I woke up this morning. The accident _at the corner. How did it _that he left school? The next meeting will
27、_on Thursday. Several scuffles _in the crowd. 【答案】 occurred happened come about take place broke out 6block out 堵住；挡住；遮住；忘掉；抺去；草拟大纲；勾画轮廓；不 去想(回忆) Pliny described a cloud coming down the mountain，blocking out the sun and burying everything in its path，including whole villages and towns.(P6) 普利尼描述道，一团
28、云自山巅而降，遮天蔽日，将所经之处的一切，包括 一座座村庄和城镇统统吞没。 We put a curtain across the window to block out the sunlight.我们 将帘子横挂在窗子上遮住阳光。 Over the years, she had tried to block out the story. 过去几年，她一直试图忘掉这个故事。 block in 草拟；画草图；封闭(在内) block off 封锁；关闭；阻止；隔开；挡住(视线) block up 阻挡；堵塞 block sb.s way 挡住某人的去路 My nose is blocked up
29、 with this cold. 由于伤风，我的鼻子不通气。 Ill just block in the main buildings. 我将仅把主要建筑的草图勾画出来。 完成句子 我们勾勒出对房间布置的设想。 We_our ideas for the room arrangement. 他们决定关闭通往那个国家的天然气管道。 They decided to_the gas pipe to that country. 【答案】 blocked out block off 7particularly adv.特别地；尤其 This particularly sad event left a de
30、ep impression on Pliny who had lost an uncle in the eruption.(P6) 这场灾难给普利尼留下了深刻的印象，他的一位叔叔在灾难中丧生。 I particularly want to see the film Avatar. 我特别想去看电影阿凡达 。 Be particularly careful when driving at night. 晚上开车要特别小心。 particular adj.特殊的；特定的 in particular 特别地 be particular about.对挑剔；对讲究 He likes to help o
31、thers，in particular those who need help.他喜欢 帮助别人，特别是那些需要帮助的人。 She is very particular about her appearance. 她过于讲究外表。 particularly/especially/specially particularly 意为“特别地，尤其地” ，可以与 especially 互换，但particularly 还可作“详细地，细致地”讲。 especially 多指某事超乎一般的重要，强调“超过其他” 。 specially 指为了某一特定目的而专门做某事。 It is cold here，
32、particularly/especially in winter. 这儿很冷，尤其是在冬天。 The restaurant is particularly/especially popular among young people.那家餐馆尤其受年轻人的欢迎。 This dress is made specially for you. 这条裙子是特地为你做的。 用 especially，particularly，specially 填空 He likes the country，_ in spring. We came here _ to see you，our friend. It has
33、 been _ hot this week. 【答案】 especially/particularly specially especially/particularly 8in a/one way 从某种程度上说；在某种程度上 In a way，Pompeii is like a “time capsule” preserving a frozen moment in history.(P6) 从某种程度上说，庞培古城如同一个时间舱，保存了历史上一段被封存了 的瞬间。 Your job is well done in a way. 从某种程度上说，你的工作做得很好。 You are quit
34、e right in a way. 从某一方面/某种程度上来讲，你完全正确。 on the way to 在去的路上；接近(某状态)；就要；即将 in the way 挡道；阻碍 in no way 决不；一点也不 by the way(用于转入新的话题)顺便说；另外，还有 by way of 经由；通过的方法 There was a big truck in the way. 有一辆大卡车挡着道。 In no way should the result be seen as a defeat for the government.这个结果绝对不应被视为政府的失败。 【教师备课资源】 no w
35、ay(用于表示断然拒绝或强烈反对)决不，绝对不行，没门儿 all the way 自始至终，一直 in this/that way 用这(那)种方法 【对接高考】 (2013福建高考)Mrs.Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess，as her children are always _ whenever she tries to. Ain the way Bon watch Cin sight Don the line 【解析】 考查介词短语。A 项“挡道，妨碍” ，B 项“值班，监视” ，C 项 “在视线中，被看见” ，D 项“在线上” 。根据句意
36、：史密斯太太发现想收拾一 下那些乱七八糟的东西有困难，因为每当她想要做的时候她的那些孩子总是妨 碍她。故答案选 A。 【答案】 A 完成句子 暴风雪即将到来。 The snowstorm is _ 从某种程度上说，教师像一本字典，特别是英语老师。 _，a teacher is like a dictionary，particularly an English teacher. 【答案】 on the way In a way 9However，much more than buildings and objects，it_is the forms of the people who were
37、caught in the disaster that have made the city a monument to human history.(P6)但是，与城里的建筑及物品相比，那些在 那场灾难中遇难的人的轮廓形象则更使这个城市成为人类历史上的一座纪念碑。 本句的后半句为强调句型。其基本结构为：It is/was被强调部分that (who)其他成分。它可以用来强调句中的某些成分，如主语、宾语、状语等， 但其结构不能用来强调谓语。被强调的部分指人时用 that，who 均可，指事物 或情况时用 that。 It is the girl that (who) likes playing
38、 football in her class.在 她班上喜欢踢足球的是这个女孩。 It was he that (who) was referred to at the meeting. 在会议上被提到的是他。 基本结构：It is/was 被强调部分that/who其他成分。 一般疑问句：Is/Was it被强调部分that/who其他成分？ 特殊疑问句：Where/What /When 等特殊疑问词is/wasitthat其他 成分？ It is what he said that matters much. 他说的什么很重要。 Was it at eight oclock that yo
39、u started to work? 你是在 8 点钟开始工作的吗？ When was it that you called me yesterday? 你昨天是在什么时候给我打电话的？ 【教师备课资源】 (1)强调句不能用来强调谓语，其他成分可以。被强调的部分指人时用 that/who 均可，指物时只能用 that。 (2)强调句的判定方法：强调结构中将 It is/was 和 that/who 去掉，原句 仍成立，不影响理解，则是强调句；而以 It 作形式主语，that 引导主语从句 的情况下，若去掉 It is/was 和 that，则句子不是正确句子。 【对接高考】 (2013天津高考
40、)It was not until near the end of the letter _ she mentioned her own plan. Athat Bwhere Cwhy Dwhen 【解析】 考查强调句。此处考查固定句型 not.until 的强调句，其句 型结构为：It was not until.that句子故答案选 A。 【答案】 A 完成句子 他是在第二次世界大战期间死亡的吗？ _ he died? 昨天你是在哪里见到的汤姆？ _ you met Tom yesterday? 【答案】 Was it during the Second World War that Wh
41、ere was it that 10gather v(使)聚集；(使)集中；搜集；收集；收拾；增长 As you walk，you will pass people gathered together for protection in their last hours of life.(P6) 当你走过时，你会看到在生命的最后时刻紧紧拥抱在一起寻求保护的人们。 People gathered in the hall for the celebration on the eve of the National Day. 国庆节前夕人们聚集在礼堂开庆祝会。 Thousands of people
42、 gathered for the pop festival. 成千上万的人聚集来参加流行音乐节。 Ill go home to gather my vegetables.我要回家收菜。 gather around/round 聚拢 gather together 聚集在一起 gather in 收(庄稼) gather sth.together/up 集拢 as far as I can gather 据我所知 He gathered up his papers and left the room. 他把那些文件收起来便离开了房间。 As far as I can gather, shes
43、his niece. 据我所知，她是他侄女。 gather/collect gather 指把原来分散的、杂乱的东西无选择地聚拢在一起，强调由个体聚集 到一起成为集体。不仅可以用于人和物，还可用于抽象的东西，如把 力量、印象等聚集起来；也指采花、摘果实、采蜜等。 collect 指经过精选后按一定原则或种类收集或聚集。着重于有计划、有条理 地为某种目的进行细心的、有选择性的收集。 He travels about the world gathering facts about littleknown disease.他走遍世界，收集鲜为人知的疾病资料。 Her hobby is collect
44、ing stamps.她的业余爱好是集邮。 用 gather，collect 的适当形式填空 The policemen have spent months_evidence. We all _together at the gate of the school to _money for the blind child. 【答案】 collecting/gathering gathered；collect 11Another man，lying on his side，looks as_if he is trying to get up.(P6)躺在他身旁的另一个人看上去好像是在设法站起来。
45、 这是一个主从复合句。Another man looks.是主句，as if 在本句中引 导表语从句。as if/as though(仿佛)在 look、seem 等系动词后引导表语从句。 as if/as though 还可引导方式状语从句。 lying on his side 是现在分词短语 作后置定语，相当于非限制性定语从句。 It looks as if he knew that impressionist in the flesh. 他看起来好像认识那位印象派艺术家本人。 The child talked to us as if he were a grownup. 那孩子跟我们谈起
46、话来，像个成年人似的。 Error! It looks as if it is going to rain.看起来要下雨了。 He talks as if he knew everything. 他说起话来好像什么都懂似的。 He spoke English as if he had studied it in England before.他英语 讲得就好像之前在英国学习过似的。 【教师备课资源】 当 as if 引导的状语从句的主语与主句主语一致或从句主语为 it，谓语动 词为 be 时，从句的主语与谓语动词 be 可以一起省略。 He put up his hand as if (he
47、was) to ask questions. 他举起了手，好像要问问题。 【对接高考】 (2012北京高考)Dont handle the vase as if it _ made of steel. Ais Bwere Chas been Dhad been 【解析】 句意：拿花瓶时不要当它是钢做的一样。as if 引导的方式状 语从句或表语从句中常用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的情况；又由 Dont handle.可知此处应为与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，所以应用动词的过去式 were，故 B 项正确。做对此题的关键在于牢记 as if 引导虚拟语气的形式。 【答案】 B 完成句子 那个男孩好像迷路了。 It seems _. 那女孩倾听着，一动也不动，像已经变成了石头似的。 The girl listened _
