毕业论文：波普尔的语言与实在思想研究.doc

1、本科毕业论文（设计）波普尔的语言与实在思想研究ASTUDYONPOPPERSTHOUGHTOFLANGUAGEANDREALITY姓名学号专业年级指导教师职称湖北大学本科毕业论文（设计）ICONTENTSEXORDIUM（1）1THESIGNIFICATIONANDFUNCTIONOFLANGUAGEANDREALITY（1）11THESIGNIFICATIONANDFUNCTIONOFLANGUAGE（1）12THERELATIONBETWEENTHETHIRDWORLDANDLANGUAGE（2）13SOMEANALYSESABOUTREALITYANDAUTONOMY（4）131BETW

2、EENREALITYANDAUTONOMY（4）132PROFOUNDERDISCUSSIONABOUTAUTONOMYANDREALITY（4）2THERELATIONOFLANGUAGEANDREALITY（5）21RELATIVEREALITYANDLANGUAGE（6）22HOWLOGICALCALCULUSANDARITHMETICALCALCULUSCANBEAPPLIEDTOREALITY（7）23REALISMANDVERISIMILITUDE（9）231CONJECTURALREALISM（9）232SOMEANALYSESABOUTVERISIMILITUDE（10）3SO

3、MEBIFURCATIONSBETWEENPOPPERANDWITTGENSTEIN（10）31HOWLANGUAGECANREPRESENTREALITY（10）32FURTHERDISCUSSION（11）CONCLUSION（12）REFERENCES（13）ADDENDA（14）APPRECIATION（15）湖北大学本科毕业论文（设计）IIASTUDYONPOPPERSTHOUGHTOFLANGUAGEANDREALITYABSTRACTTHEREARETHREEMAINPARTSINMYTHESISFIRSTLY,IWILLINTERPRETTHEMEANINGANDFUNCTIO

4、NOFLANGUAGEANDREALITYINPOPPERSPHILOSOPHICALTHOUGHTANDEXPLAINWHATISTHESTATUSOFLANGUAGEINHISDOCTRINEOFTHETHREEWORLDSSECONDLY,IWILLFOCUSONTHERELATIONOFLANGUAGEANDREALITYANDHOWLOGICALCALCULUSANDARITHMETICALCALCULUSCANBEAPPLIEDTOREALITYFINALLY,IWILLDISCUSSPOPPERANDWITTGENSTEINSDIFFERENTVIEWSONTHERELATION

5、OFLANGUAGEANDREALITYKEYWORDSLANGUAGEREALITYTHETHIRDWORLDPOPPERWITTGENSTEIN湖北大学本科毕业论文（设计）III波普尔的语言与实在思想研究摘要本文主要有三部分。我首先阐释语言与实在在波普尔哲学思想中的意义与功能，并且解释语言在他的三个世界理论中的地位问题。其次，我将重点讨论语言与实在的关系，以及逻辑演算与算术演算何以适用于实在。最后我将探讨波普尔与维特根斯坦在语言与实在的关系问题上的分歧。【关键词】语言实在第三世界波普尔维特根斯坦湖北大学本科毕业论文（设计）1EXORDIUMNUMEROUSSCHOLARSHAVEKEPTO

6、NDISCUSSINGPOPPERSFALSIFICATIONISMINTHEPASTSEVERALDECADES,HOWEVER,FEWOFTHEMCAREFORHISTHOUGHTOFLANGUAGEANDREALITYINTHISPAPER,IATTEMPTTOEXAMINEANDREMARKPOPPERSTHOUGHTOFLANGUAGEANDREALITYOFCOURSE,IHOPETHEREWILLBEMORESCHOLARSDISCUSSTHISTHEMELATERTHEREAREMANYDIFFERENTKINDSOFMEANINGOFLANGUAGE,ASPOPPERASSE

7、RTS,LANGUAGEHASFOURDIFFERENTKINDSOFFUNCTIONITHINKTHATCLARIFYINGTHEMEANINGANDFUNCTIONOFLANGUAGEISJUSTTHEFIRSTSTEPFORRESEARCHINGTHERELATIONOFLANGUAGEANDREALITYTHEREAREMORESIGNIFICANTANDDIFFICULTPROBLEMSINTHEROADTHUSITISANABSOLUTELYHARDWORKTOSOLVEALLOFTHECOMPLEXPUZZLES,BUTISTILLWOULDLIKETOTRYMYBESTTODE

8、MONSTRATESOMETHINGANDIWILLTALKABOUTPOPPERSCONJECTURALREALISMANDHISVIEWPOINTOFTRUTHASACONJECTURALREALIST,POPPEREMPHASIZESTHEFALSIFICATIONOFOURKNOWLEDGE,ANDHEBELIEVESTHATTHEFOREGOINGTHEORIESWILLALWAYSBEFALSIFIEDANDREPLACEDBYTHELATERTHEORIESWHICHHAVEBEENADVANCEDFINALLY,ITRYTOMAKECLEARSOMEMISAPPREHENSIO

9、NBETWEENPOPPERANDWITTGENSTEIN1THEMEANINGANDFUNCTIONOFLANGUAGEANDREALITY11THEMEANINGANDFUNCTIONOFLANGUAGEACCORDINGTOPOPPER,LANGUAGEISCOMINGTOBEINGASITISUSEFUL,ANDALSOAWONDERFULTOOLTOCOMPARENOTESWITHOURCONGENERSHENCEWESHOULDNTDISCUSSITSMEANINGSEPARATELYBUTCONNECTITWITHITSFUNCTIONPOPPERASSERTSTHATLANGU

10、AGEHASFOURDIFFERENTKINDSOFFUNCTIONITSFIRSTFUNCTIONISDENOTINGOREXPRESSINGTHESECONDISSTIMULATINGORSIGNALINGDESCRIBINGISITSTHIRDFUNCTIONANDTHELASTONEISARGUINGTHESEFOURTYPESOFFUNCTIONARESETINDIFFERENTRANKSFROMLOWSTATUSTOHIGHSTATUSPOPPERMAINTAINSTHATEVERYHIGHCLASSFUNCTIONOFLANGUAGECANNOTEXISTWITHOUTALLOF

11、THELOWCLASSFUNCTIONS,BUTTHELOWCLASSFUNCTIONSOFLANGUAGECANEXISTSOLELYWITHOUTANYHIGHERFUNCTIONITSPOPPERWHOSAYSTHEMOSTIMPORTANTOFHUMANCREATIONS,WITHTHEMOSTIMPORTANTFEEDBACKEFFECTSUPONOURSELVESANDESPECIALLYUPONOURBRAINS,ARETHEHIGHERFUNCTIONSOFHUMANLANGUAGEMOREESPECIALLY,THEDESCRIPTIVEFUNCTIONANDTHEARGUI

12、NGFUNCTION1ITHINKTHATCLARIFYINGTHEFUNCTIONOFLANGUAGEISJUSTTHEFIRSTSTEPIFWANTINGTORESEARCHTHERELATIONOFLANGUAGEANDREALITYCOMPLETELYBOTHHUMANBEINGSLANGUAGEANDANIMALSLANGUAGEHAVETWOLOWERFUNCTIONSSELFEXPRESSINGANDSIGNALING,WHICHARECLEARLYEXPOUNDEDBYPOPPERINHISOBJECTIVEKNOWLEDGEANEVOLUTIONARYRESEARCHHEAS

13、SERTSTHESELFEXPRESSINGORBEHAVINGFUNCTIONISVISIBLETHOUGHWEDONTHOLDTHATEVERYKINDOFSELFEXPRESSINGISLINGUISTIC,ALLOFTHELIFEFORMSTRYTOCOMMUNICATEWITHTHEIRCONGENERSINSOMESPECIALWAYANDATTHISTIMELANGUAGEISPROBABLETOBECREATEDHOWEVER,IFWEJUSTFOCUSONTHESELFEXPRESSINGANDSIGNALINGFUNCTION,WECANTTELLANYOBVIOUSDIS

14、TINCTIONBETWEENHUMANBEINGSLANGUAGEANDANIMALSLANGUAGETHEREBY,ITISNECESSARYTOANALYSETHETWOLEFTFUNCTIONSOFLANGUAGEITSPOPPERWHOFINDSAREGRETTINGFACTTHEINIMITABLEFUNCTIONSOFLANGUAGETHATARETHEHIGHERFUNCTIONSOFLANGUAGEAREALMOSTALWAYSIGNOREDBYALLOFOTHERPHILOSOPHERSHEINDICATESTHEREASONOFTHISPHENOMENONISTHATTH

15、ETWOLOWERFUNCTIONSAREALWAYSPRESENTWHENTHEHIGHERONESAREPRESENT,SOTHATITISALWAYSPOSSIBLETOEXPLAINEVERYLINGUISTICPHENOMENON,INTERMSOF湖北大学本科毕业论文（设计）2THELOWERFUNCTIONS,ASANEXPRESSIONORACOMMUNICATION2ASISDEMONSTRATED,THETWOMOREIMPORTANTFUNCTIONSOFLANGUAGEAREDESCRIBINGANDARGUINGONLYWHENWELEARNTHETWOFUNCTIO

16、NSPROFOUNDLYANDUSETHEMTOEXPLAINTHEUNIVERSECANWEREALLYCOMPREHENDPOPPERSVIEWPOINTOFTRUTHANDINWHICHSENSESCIENCEISASCENSIVEITISNOTHARDTOKNOW,THEPURPOSEOFPOPPERINTERPRETINGTHESETWOFUNCTIONSOFLANGUAGEISILLUSTRATINGHISTHOUGHTOFREALISM,INTHISINDISPENSABLEPROCESS,WEHAVEGOTALOTOFORIGINALSTANDPOINTSFROMPOPPERI

17、TSMEANINGFULTOGOONPONDERINGHOWTHEFUNCTIONSOFLANGUAGEEVOLVEPOPPERHOLDSTHATITSOFCOURSETHEFUNCTIONSOFLANGUAGEALWAYSKEEPONEVOLVINGANDCRITIQUEISTHEMOSTIMPORTANTIMPETUSONONEHAND,THEHIGHERFUNCTIONSOFLANGUAGEEXISTINANINDEPENDENTWORLDANDTHISWORLDWILLCHANGEINTOAWORLDOFSCIENCEATLASTONETHEOTHERHAND,THEFORMULAWH

18、ICHISPRIMARILYAPPLIEDTOANIMALWORLDANDPRIMITIVEMANP1TTEEP2THEABOVEMENTIONEDFORMULAINWHICHP1DENOTESPROBLEMS,TTDENOTEATTEMPTINGMETHODS,EEDENOTEELIMINATINGERRORS,P2DENOTESNEWPROBLEMSCANHELPUSTOCRITICIZERATIONALLYANDELIMINATEERRORSSUCCESSFULLYTHISFORMULATHATDESCRIBESHOWWERELYONOURPOWEROFCRITICALTHOUGHTSA

19、NDMAKEMOREPROGRESSWILLBEVERYUSEFULTOPROBEINTOTRUTHSBYDINTOFRATIONALDISCUSSIONFURTHERMORE,ITALSOPROMPTSUSTOEXCEEDOURSELVESANDACCELERATETHEEVOLUTIONOFOURKNOWLEDGEALTHOUGHTHEMEANINGOFKNOWLEDGEISNOTIMPORTANT,POPPERASSERTS,ITISSIGNIFICANTTODISTINGUISHTHEDIFFERENTMEANINGSOFTHISWORDONTHEWHOLE,PEOPLEHAVETWO

20、DISPARATEPERSPECTIVESABOUTKNOWLEDGE1、THESUBJECTIVEKNOWLEDGEWHICHISCONSTITUTEDBYSOMECONNATURALPROCEEDINGINTENTSANDTHEIRCHANGEAFTERCOMINGINTOBEING2、THEOBJECTIVEKNOWLEDGEWHICHISCONSTITUTEDBYCONJECTURALPRINCIPLE、UNRESOLVEDPROBLEMS、THESTATESOFISSUEANDTALKINGPOINTS,SUCHASSCIENCEKNOWLEDGEPOPPERMAINTAINSALL

21、WORKINSCIENCEISWORKDIRECTEDTOWARDTHEGROWTHOFOBJECTIVEKNOWLEDGEWEAREWORKERSWHOAREADDINGTOTHEGROWTHOFOBJECTIVEKNOWLEDGEASMASONSWORKONACATHEDRAL3ACCORDINGLY,ITHINKITISNOTEXAGGERATEDTOSAYTHATTHEUNIQUEPURPOSEOFPOPPERSPHILOSOPHYISTRYINGTOCREATEAMOREREASONABLETHEORYTOPROMOTETHEDEVELOPMENTOFOBJECTIVEKNOWLED

22、GETHEREBY,POPPERSAYSOURWORKISFALLIBLE,LIKEALLHUMANWORKWECONSTANTLYMAKEMISTAKES,ANDTHEREAREOBJECTIVESTANDARDSOFWHICHWEMAYFALLSHORTSTANDARDSOFTRUTH,OFCONTENT,OFVALIDITY,ANDOTHERSTANDARDS4CRITICISMISTHEMOSTIMPORTANTELEMENTINHISPHILOSOPHICALTHOUGHT,ITISOBVIOUSTHATHEREJECTSANYPERFECTPRINCIPLESBECAUSENONE

23、OFTHEMEXISTREALLYANDWESHOULDBEREADYTOMAKEMISTAKESWHENWETRYEXPLAININGTHEWORLDFRUSTRATIONSAREQUITENORMALPOPPERPOINTSOUT,LANGUAGEANDTHEILLUSTRATIONOFPROBLEMS,THEAPPEARANCEOFNEWSTATESOFISSUEANDCOMPETINGPRINCIPLESAREALLNECESSARYINSTRUMENTSFORTHEDEVELOPINGOFSCIENCETHEMOSTSIGNIFICANTFUNCTIONSOFHUMANBEINGSL

24、ANGUAGEWHICHCANNOTBEMASTEREDBYANIMALSARESTILLDESCRIBINGFUNCTIONANDARGUINGFUNCTIONOFCOURSE,THEDEVELOPINGOFTHEFOREGOINGTWOFUNCTIONSISDUETOOURSELVESENDEAVOR,THOUGHTHEIREVOLUTIONMIGHTBETHEUNEXPECTEDRESULTOFOURACTIVITIES12THERELATIONBETWEENTHETHIRDWORLDANDLANGUAGEINPOPPERSLATEYEARS,HECREATEDANEPISTEMOLOG

25、YWITHNOCOGNIZINGSUBJECTTHOUGHTHISEPISTEMOLOGYDOESNOTARGUEAGAINSTTHEINDEPENDENCEOFOBJECTIVEKNOWLEDGE,ITREJECTSANY湖北大学本科毕业论文（设计）3SUBJECTIVEKNOWLEDGEORTHOUGHTSSUCHASKNOWLEDGEINRELIGION、CONSCIOUSNESSINDREAMINGANDSOON,THENITWILLBEINEVITABLETOREFERTODIVIDINGOURWORLDINTOSEVERALDIFFERENTTYPESANDINTERESTINGL

26、Y,POPPERSAYSTHATOURWORLDCOULDBEDIVIDEDINTOTHREEDIVERSEPARTSFIRSTLY,ITISAWORLDOFPHYSICALOBJECTSORPHYSICALSTATESSECONDLY,THEREISAWORLDOFCONSCIOUSSTATESORSPIRITSTATESLASTLY,ITISTHEWORLDOFIDEAISTICOBJECTIVEVISCERA,ESPECIALLYTHEWORLDOFTHOUGHTSOFSCIENCEANDPOEMSANDARTWORKSPOPPERONCECLAIMEDHEWASAREALISTPUBL

27、ICLYHETHINKSTHATEPISTEMOLOGYISAPRINCIPLECONCERNINGWITHSCIENCEKNOWLEDGEANDHEISALMOSTANAIVEREALISTWHOASSERTSTHEREISAPHYSICALWORLDANDACONSCIOUSWORLDWHICHCANINFLUENCEEACHOTHERHEALSOBELIEVESTHEREISATHIRDWORLDANDEXPLAINSHOWITAFFECTSTHEOTHERTWOWORLDSDETAILEDLYANIMPORTANTMEMBERINTHETHIRDWORLDISTHESYSTEMOFTH

28、EORIESPROBLEMSANDTHESTATESOFISSUESAREALSOSIGNIFICANTTHEMOSTIMPORTANTMEMBERSINTHETHIRDWORLDARECRITICALARGUMENTSTHATARECALLEDDISCUSSINGSTATESORCRITICALARGUINGSTATES,WHICHARESIMILARTOPHYSICALSTATESANDCONSCIOUSSTATESMOREOVER,POPPERMAINTAINSTHATMAGAZINES、BOOKSANDLIBRARIESAREALSOCONTAINEDBYTHETHIRDWORLDHE

29、ACKNOWLEDGESTHUSIDOADMITTHATINORDERTOBELONGTOTHETHIRDWORLDOFOBJECTIVEKNOWLEDGE,ABOOKSHOULDINPRINCIPLE,ORVIRTUALLYBECAPABLEOFBEINGGRASPEDORDECIPHERED,ORUNDERSTOOD,ORKNOWNBYSOMEBODYBUTIDONOTADMITMORE5POPPERALSOADMITSTHATTHEREAREMANYSIMILARVIEWPOINTSBETWEENHISTHIRDWORLDANDPLATOSIDEALPRINCIPLETHUS,THETH

30、IRDWORLDISALSOSIMILARWITHHEGELSOBJECTIVESPIRITHOWEVER,POPPERASSERTSTHATTHEOBJECTIVEFORMORIDEAWHICHWASFIRSTILLUSTRATEDBYPLATOANDWASUSUALLYMISCONCEIVEDASSUBJECTIVECONCEPTIONORTHINKINGPROCESSCANBEMERGEDASTHEOBJECTOFTHETHIRDWORLDATONETIMEINPOPPERSMIND,THESECONDWORLDISJUSTUSEDASATOOLORARESONANCEBETWEENTH

31、EFIRSTWORLDANDTHETHIRDWORLD,WHATSMORE,HUMANBEINGSSPIRITCOULDNOTONLYSEEORGRASPARITHMETICALORGEOMETRICALOBJECTHEREBY,SPIRITISABLETOCONNECTWITHTHEOBJECTSBOTHINTHEFIRSTWORLDANDTHETHIRDWORLDTHEWORLDCONCERNINGWITHPERSONALSUBJECTIVEEXPERIENCEDOESEXISTANDONEOFTHEMAINFUNCTIONSOFTHESECONDWORLDISGRASPINGTHEOBJ

32、ECTSINTHETHIRDWORLDHEASSERTSTHATTHISISSOMETHINGWEALLDOITISANESSENTIALPARTOFBEINGHUMANTOLEARNTOGRASPOBJECTIVETHOUGHTCONTENTSASFREGECALLEDTHEM6,INFACT,THISFUNCTIONOFLANGUAGEWASFIRSTDEMONSTRATEDBYPHILOSOPHERSOFSTOA,POPPERPOINTSOUT,THEYREALIZEDTHATHUMANBEINGSLANGUAGEBELONGSTOALLOFTHETHREEWORLDS,INSOFARA

33、SITCONSISTSOFPHYSICALACTIONSORPHYSICALSYMBOLS,ITBELONGSTOTHEFIRSTWORLDINSOFARASITEXPRESSESASUBJECTIVEORAPSYCHOLOGICALSTATEORINSOFARASGRASPINGORUNDERSTANDINGLANGUAGEINVOLVESACHANGEINOURSUBJECTIVESTATE,ITBELONGSTOTHESECONDWORLDANDINSOFARASLANGUAGECONTAINSINFORMATION,INSOFARASITSAYSORSTATESORDESCRIBESA

34、NYTHINGORCONVEYSANYMEANINGORCLASHWITHANOTHER,ITBELONGSTOTHETHIRDWORLDTHEORIES,ORPROPOSITIONS,ORSTATEMENTSARETHEMOSTIMPORTANTWORLDTHIRDWORLDLINGUISTICENTITIES7AFTERHAVINGILLUSTRATEDTHERELATIONOFTHETHIRDWORLDANDLANGUAGE,IDLIKETOCHANGEMYATTENTIONUPONTHEAUTONOMYOFTHETHIRDWORLDBECAUSEPOPPERHASPOINTEDOUTA

35、DESPERATEFACTTHEREISAKINDOFPLATONICORBOLZANOESQUETHIRDWORLDOFBOOKSINTHEMSELVES,PROBLEMSINTHEMSELVES,PROBLEMSITUATIONSINTHEMSELVES,ARGUMENTSINTHEMSELVES,ANDSOONANDIASSERTTHATEVENTHOUGHTHISTHIRDWORLDISAHUMANPRODUCT,THEREAREMANYTHEORIESINTHEMSELVESANDARGUMENTSINTHEMSELVESANDPROBLEMSITUATIONSINTHEMSELVE

36、SWHICHHAVENEVERBEENPRODUCEDORUNDERSTOODANDMAYNEVERBEPRODUCEDORUNDERSTOODBYMEN8IUSEDTOBECONFUSEDBYTHEFOREGOINGSENTENCES,BECAUSEIFSOMEBOOKSARECOMPREHENDEDBYNOBODYANDEVENNONEOFUS湖北大学本科毕业论文（设计）4KNOWWHETHERTHEYEXISTORNOT,HOWCANWEGETANYINFORMATIONFROMTHISMONSTERARETHEYJUSTCONSTITUTEDBYSOMEPIECESOFPAPERSME

37、AREDBYDIFFERENTCOLORSOFINKHOWTOPERSUADEMETOBELIEVEITSNOTAPARADOXORNONSENSEBUTTRUTHPOPPERGIVESHISRESOLVINGMETHODSITISJUSTLIKETHATWHENAHONEYCOMBISABANDONEDITISSTILLAHONEYCOMBANDABIRDSNESTISSTILLABIRDSNESTEVENTHOUGHNONEBIRDLIVESINITSIMILARLY,ABOOKISSTILLABOOK,EVENTHOUGHNOBODYHASREADITBEFOREANOTHERMEANI

38、NGFULPURPORTOFTHISVIEWPOINTISTHATMOSTOFTHECONTENTWHICHCONCERNSWITHPRACTICALTHEORIESANDPOTENTIALTHEORIES、BOOKSANDARGUMENTSINCLUDEDINTHETHIRDWORLDISTHEBYPRODUCTOFTHEBOOKSHADBEENPUBLISHEDANDTHEARGUMENTSHADBEENBROUGHTFORWARDOTHERWISE,POPPERHOLDSASTRIKINGSTANDPOINT,HEINDICATESTHATLANGUAGEITSELFISANUNLOOK

39、EDFORBYPRODUCTWHENWEAREORIGINALLYENGAGEDINANOTHERACTIVITYFURTHERMORE,THEAPPEARANCEOFLANGUAGEANDOTHERUSEFULEQUIPMENTSHOULDATTRIBUTETOTHEIRSUBSERVIENCEANDINFACT,THEYTHEMSELVESHAVENOPLANORCONTEMPLATIONTOSUMUP,POPPEREDUCESTHATTHEWORLDOFLANGUAGEANDTHEWORLDOFSPECULATION、PRINCIPLEANDARGUMENT,INSHORT,THEWOR

40、LDOFOBJECTIVEKNOWLEDGEISTHEMOSTSIGNIFICANTWORLDCREATEDBYOURHUMANBEING,ANDITISANAUTONOMOUSWORLDATTHESAMETIME13SOMEANALYSESONREALITYANDAUTONOMY131BETWEENREALITYANDAUTONOMYWHENILLUSTRATINGTHECHARACTERISTICSOFTHETHIRDWORLD,POPPERINDICATES,THEIDEAOFAUTONOMYISCENTRALTOMYTHEORYOFTHETHIRDWORLDALTHOUGHTHETHI

41、RDWORLDISAHUMANPRODUCT,AHUMANCREATION,ITCREATESINITSTURN,ASDOOTHERANIMALPRODUCTS,ITSOWNDOMAINOFAUTONOMY9,ITHINKTHATITISPOSSIBLETOUPHOLDAPOSITIONWHICHDIFFERSFROMTHATOFBOTHTHESEGROUPSOFPHILOSOPHERSISUGGESTTHATITISPOSSIBLETOACCEPTTHEREALITYORASITMAYBECALLEDTHEAUTONOMYOFTHETHIRDWORLD,ANDATTHESAMETIMETOA

42、DMITTHATTHETHIRDWORLDORIGINATESASAPRODUCTOFHUMANACTIVITYONECANEVENADMITTHATTHETHIRDWORLDISMANMADEAND,INAVERYCLEARSENSE,SUPERHUMANATTHESAMETIMEITTRANSCENDSITSMAKERS10ITISNOTHARDTOKNOWTHATBECAUSETHOUGHTHETHIRDWORLDISMANMADE,ITSCONTENTISVIRTUALANDNOTTHEREALOBJECTSOFTHOUGHTMOREOVER,JUSTFEWOFTHENUMEROUSV

43、IRTUALOBJECTSCOULDCHANGEINTOREALOBJECTSOFTHOUGHTASISINDICATEDBYTHISVIEWPOINT,THETHIRDWORLDCANTRANSCENDHUMANBEINGASITISSAIDINTHEFOREGOINGTWOPARAGRAPHSOFQUOTATION,ITISOBVIOUSTHATPOPPERMAINTAINSTHEWORDREALANDTHEWORDAUTONOMOUSHASSIMILARMEANINGBOTHOFTHEMARETHEIMPORTANTCHARACTERISTICSOFTHETHIRDWORLDACCEPT

44、THEREALITYOFTHETHIRDWORLDCANALSOBEREPLACEDBYORCOMPREHENDEDASACCEPTTHEAUTONOMYOFTHETHIRDWORLDANYWAYITHINKITISNOTWRONGTOREPLACEREALWITHAUTONOMOUSATTHISTIMEHOWEVER,THEWORDREALITYANDAUTONOMYAREDISTINCTLYDIFFERENTFROMEACHOTHER132PROFOUNDERDISCUSSIONABOUTAUTONOMYANDREALITYPOPPERTHINKSTHATAUTONOMYISJUSTANU

45、NSTRIKINGCHARACTERISTICOFTHETHIRDWORLDTHEREASONISTHATNEWPROBLEMSWILLRESULTINNEWCREATIONS,THUSWECANUSETHENEWOBJECTSTORECRUITTHETHIRDWORLD,WHATSMORE,EVERYSTEPLIKETHISWILLCREATEUNEXPECTEDNEWFACTSANDUNEXPECTEDNEWPROBLEMSANDOFTENCREATENEWREFUTATIONSWHENTRYINGTORESOLVETHESEPROBLEMS,WECOULDCREATENEWTHEORIE

46、SWHICHAREABSOLUTELYCREATEDBYUSTHEYARETHEPRODUCTSOFOURCRITICALANDINNOVATIVETHOUGHT,ANDWHENPONDERINGWECOULDBENEFITFROMTHECREATEDPRINCIPLESOFTHETHIRDWORLDBUTWHENCREATINGTHESETHEORIES,THEYWILLBRINGONNEW、UNCONSCIOUSANDUNEXPECTED湖北大学本科毕业论文（设计）5PROBLEMS,SOMEAUTONOMOUSPROBLEMSANDUNDISCOVEREDPROBLEMSJUDGINGF

47、ROMTHEFOREGOINGDISCOURSE,WECOULDCLEARLYUNDERSTANDWHYORIGINALCREATORSOFTHETHIRDWORLDAREOURHUMANBEINGSANDITSONTOLOGICALSTATUSISAUTONOMOUS,NAY,WEKNOWWHYWECOULDREACTTOTHETHIRDWORLD,RENEWITORHELPITTOGROWUPANDPOPPERHASASEEMINGLYPESSIMISTICCONCLUSIONTHEREISNOMANWHOCANMASTEREVENASMALLCORNEROFTHISWORLDALLOFU

48、SCONTRIBUTETOITSGROWTH,BUTALMOSTALLOURINDIVIDUALCONTRIBUTIONSAREVANISHINGLYSMALLALLOFUSTRYTOGRASPIT,ANDNONEOFUSCOULDLIVEWITHOUTBEINGINCONTACTWITHIT,FORALLOFUSMAKEUSEOFSPEECH,WITHOUTWHICHWEWOULDHARDLYBEHUMANYETTHETHIRDWORLDHASGROWNFARBEYONDTHEGRASPNOTONLYOFANYMAN,BUTEVENOFALLMENASSHOWNBYTHEEXISTENCEO

49、FINSOLUBLEPROBLEMSITSACTIONUPONUSHASBECOMEMOREIMPORTANTFOROURGROWTH,ANDEVENFORITSOWNGROWTH,THANOURCREATIVEACTIONUPONITFORALMOSTALLITSGROWTHISDUETOAFEEDBACKEFFECTTOTHECHALLENGEOFTHEDISCOVERYOFAUTONOMOUSPROBLEMS,MANYOFWHICHMAYNEVERBEMASTEREDANDTHEREWILLALWAYSBETHECHALLENGINGTASKOFDISCOVERINGNEWPROBLEMS,FORANINFINITYOFPROBLEMSWILLALWAYSREMAINUNDISCOVEREDINSPITEANDALSOBECAUSEOFTHEAUTONOMYOFTHETHIRDWORLD,THEREWILLALWAYSBESCOPEFORORIGINALANDCREATIVEWORK11WHENTALKINGABOUTREALIT