1、Unit1 II. Basic Listening Practice 1. Script W: Ok. Its your turn to pay the bill. I paid last time. M: What? You have a selective memory. You tried to pay last turn, but your credit card failed; so I ended up paying! Its definitely your turn. Q: What is true according to the conversation? 2. Script
2、 M: Im having real trouble reviewing for this French exam. I just cant memorize all the vocabulary. W: Me too. I hate having to learn things by heart. I guess we just have to keep reading the texts over and over. Q: What does the woman prefer? 3. Script W: Oh look! Theres that guy we saw last week,
3、playing football in the park! He looked great in his kit, remember? M: Him? I dont remember him. Ive got a terrible memory for faces. I have a hard time even recording people Ive been introduced to. Q: According to the conversation, what is the mans problem? 4. Script M: Why is there a big sign on t
4、he back of your door that says “keys”? W: Its to remind me to take my keys when I go out because Im always locking myself out by accident! It doesnt help enough. Now I just forget to read the sign. Q: Why is there a sign on the back of the door? 5. Script M: That history exam was really hard. The es
5、say question was terrible! W: I know, I wish I were like David. He has a photographic memory, you know. How useful that would be! Q: What is true of David? Keys: 1.C 2.D 3. A 4.B 5.C III. Listening In Script M: Tell me your secret. Youre suddenly getting excellent marks in every subject, and you use
6、d to be a bottom-of class student just like me. W: Simple enough. I read an article in a scientific journal that studying with remembering, based on recent research into the brain. M: Aw, that stuffs old hat: study at the same time every day, be sure your clothes are comfortable, and make sure you h
7、ave enough light, blah-blah-blah. W: Not so fast, wise guy. Im talking about principles like “Mental Visualization”, creating a picture in your mind of what is to be remembered. M: Ok, that dies sound different. Id “Association” a principle you know, you connect what you want to remember with someth
8、ing youre familiar with? W: Right on! Consolidation” is another. I review my notes right after class and consolidateor absorbthe new material into what Ive already learned. M: Youre moving ahead fast with those principles. I swear this weekend Im going to study sixteen hours a day both Saturday and
9、Sunday. W: Whoa, big guy. Thats not the way. Follow the principle of “Distributes Practice”. Shorter study sessions distributes over several days are better. M: That system is all very well for you; youve got a good memory. But what about me? Ive got a memory like a sieve. W: Youre too modest. There
10、s nothing wrong with your memory. But memory is like a muscle; it needs exercise. And dont forget it. While the man is wondering why the woman is suddenly getting excellent marks, she says she read an article on studying and remembering. It talks about principles like “Mental Visualization”, that is
11、, creating a picture in ones mind of what is to be remembered. This reminds the man of the principle of “Association”, which means connecting what one wants to remember with something one is familiar with. Then the woman adds the principle of “Consolidation”, or reviewing ones notes after class and
12、absorbing the new material into what one has already learned. When the man promise to study sixteen hours a day, the woman recommends the principle of “Distributed Practice”, which favors shorter study sessions distributed over several days. Finally, the woman tells the man that memory is like a mus
13、cle, and that it needs exercise. Task 2: You forget my toast! Script An 80-year-old couple was having problems remembering things, so they decide to go to their doctor to see what was wrong with them. They explained to the doctor about the problems they were having with their memory. After checking
14、the couple over, the doctor told them that they were physically okay but might need to start writing things down to help them remember. The couple thanked the doctor and left. Later that night while watching TV, the old woman said to the old man, “Honey, will you please go to the kitchen and get me
15、a dish of ice cream?” Before the man left, she added, “Why dont you write that down so you wont forget?” “Nonsense,” said the husband, “I can remember a dish of ice cream!” “Well,” said the wife, “Id like some strawberries on it. Youd better write that down because I know your memory is failing.” “D
16、ont be silly,” replied the husband. “Therere only two things: a dish of ice cream and some strawberries. I can surely remember that!” With that, he rushed into the kitchen. After about twenty minutes he returned from the kitchen and handed her a plate of bacon and eggs. The wife took one look at the
17、 plate, glanced up at her husband, and said, “Hey, you forget the toast!” Keys: FTFFF Task3: Memory-Improving Techniques Script There are many techniques you can use to improve your memory. Some of them are introduced her. First and foremost, you need to stimulate your memory all the time. To put it
18、 simply, you should use your memory as much as possible. It is especially important to try to learn something new. If you work in an office, learn to dance; if you are a dancer, learn to deal with a computer, if you work with sales, and learn to play chess; if you are a programmer, learn to paint. T
19、hese added activities stimulate the brain so that I t continues to function. Older people need to pay attention to things they are dealing with. Dont try to memorize everything that catches your attention; focus on what you consider important. For example, you can take any object such as a pen and c
20、oncentrate on it. Think on its various characteristics: its material, its function, its color, and so on. Dont allow any other thought to occupy your mind while you are concentrating in that pen. Another method that can be used is to relax yourself. It is impossible to remember things if you are ten
21、se or nervous. So, try holding your breath for ten seconds, and then release it slowly. Association is also a powerful tool to develop your memory. For example, if you cannot remember a persons name, you can think about a special feature of his face and then link it with his mane. 1. Whats seems to
22、be an especially important way to stimulate ones memory? 2. What seems to be the best way to focus your memory? 3. How can you concentrate on a pen? 4. How can you relax yourself according to the passage? 5. What is the main idea of the passage? Keys: 1A 2.C3. D 4.B 5.D IV. Speaking Out MODEL 1 It s
23、lipped my mind! Amy: I sent out the invitations to the dinner party. Bill: Thats good. Now what should we do? Amy: Weve got to plan the menu. Bill: Oh, thats right. Do you have anything in mind? Amy: I think Im going to make the chicken salad we had at the Christmas party. Remember I sled the chef f
24、or the recipe? Bill: Yeah, but did you forget that Linda doesnt eat chicken? Amy: Linda? Oh, my gosh! I forgot to invite Linda! It just slipped my mind. Shell be mad at me. Bill: Well, everyone forgets something sometimes. Its not too late yet. Ill make a phone call. Dont worry. Amy: Thanks! You see
25、, Im getting forgetful. I think Im getting old! Bill: Looks like you are, sweetheart Now Your Turn SAMPLE DIALOG A: Im going to throw a party, and Ive sent out the invitations to my friends and relatives. B: Thats good. But dont forget to invite everyone you should invite. A: I think Ive invited eve
26、ryone. Do you have anybody in mind? B: Did you invite John? Hes lost his job after recent quarrel with his boss. A: Oh, my gosh! I forgot to invite him! Hell be sad, thinking we look down on him. He just slipped my mind. B: Well, everyone forgets something sometimes. Dont worry. Its not too late. Ma
27、ke a phone call right away. A: Did I forget anybody else that I should incite? B: Theres yet another person you should inviteJulia. Shes just moved to the city and feels lonely. A: Oh, good heavens, I forgot all about her. Shes our new friend. You see, Im getting forgetful. I think Im getting old! B
28、: Looks like you are, buddy. Youd better start writing things down if theyre important. MODEL2 I cant think of it off the top of my head. Script John: Hey, Sue. Do you know what Jacks home phone number is? Susan: I cant think of it off the top of my head. I dont have my address book on me, and I don
29、t have my mobile phone with me, either. John: Thats too bad! Ive got to find him now. Its urgent! If I cant find him today, Ill be dead! Susan: You might want to look it up in the phone book. John: Ive checked already, but it seems that hid phone number is unlisted. Susan: Maybe its under his roomma
30、tes name. John: Well, I guess so. Susan: Well, why dont you call Jane? She has his phone number. John: Ive tried, but no one answered! Susan: Maybe call his office and ask his secretary. John: Ive already tried. She wont tell me. She says its private. Susan: Oh, thats right. They usually dont releas
31、e private information over the phone. John: Its a pity. You usually have a powerful memory, but you cant help today. Whats wrong with you? Your memory seems to be fading early. Susan: Its not my memory is fading. I do have memory for face and names, but a poor one for number and dates Now Your Turn
32、SAMPLE DIALOG A: Hey, do you remember when is the lecture on the value of information by Professor Smith? B: I cant think of it off the top of my head. Maybe we can look it up in our notebook, but I dont have mine with me. A: Thats too bad! I dont have it with me, either. Do you remember the number
33、of the lecture hall? B: Sorry, I cant think of it off my head. A: Im terribly interested in the lecture. I cant miss it! B: Well, why dont you call the dean who arranged the lecture? A: Im afraid its not very wise to ask the dean directly. B: Then maybe you can call the office if the department and
34、ask the secretary. A: Ive already tried, but no one answered. B: Oh! A: You usually have a powerful memory, but you cant help today. You memory seems to be fading early. B: Its not that my memory is fading. I do have a good memory for faces and names, but a poor one for numbers and dates. MODEL3 Wha
35、ts wrong with your memory? Script Bill: Hi, honey! My trip to London was wonderful. Amy: Tell me what thrilled you most. The telephone rings and Bill answers itHe hangs up. Bill: Er, where was I? Amy: You were talking about your tour in London. Bill: Oh, yeah. Amy: I bet you had a great time. Bill:
36、Yes, I particularly enjoyed visiting the tower of London. Amy: How did you get there? By bus or underground? Bill: Let me see.Sorry, I cant remember any more. Amy: Whats wrong with your memory? Bill: I hope its not Alzheimers disease. I dont want to forget my own name. Amy: I dont think so. Perhaps
37、its just temporary forgetfulness. Youll be right after a good sleep. Bill: I hope so. But as this is happening so often recently, I think I must go to see a doctor and get some pills Amy: Its not as serious as that. Anyway, I wish you had a good memory for happy events, and a bad one for unhappy thi
38、ngs. Now Your Turn SAMPLE DIALOG A: Hey, my trip to Beijing was fantastic. B: Tell me what thrilled you most. The door bell rings and A answer it.A comes back. A: Where was I? B: You were talking about your tour in Beijing A: Oh, yeah. B: I bet you had a great time. A: Yes, I particularly enjoyed vi
39、siting the Forbidden City and the Great Wall, though the admission fees were a bit too high for me. B: What were the fees? A: Let me see.Sorry, I cant remember any more. B: Whats wrong with your memory? A: I hope its not Alzheimers disease. I dont want to see a lot of new people every day. B: I dont
40、 think so. Perhaps you only forget things momentarily. Youll be right after a good sleep. A: I hope so. But as this is happening so often recently, I think I have to see a doctor. B: I dont think its so serious. Anyway, a bad memory helps you forget your trouble. V. Lets Talk Script Student: Profess
41、or, thank you for graining me this interview. Im Susan, a reporter from the Student Union magazine. Many students have difficultly memorizing things. Since youre an outstanding psychologist, could you give us some tips on how to improve our memory? Professor: Well, some people have better memories t
42、han others, but thats largely because they are better at creating mental images. Student: If Im not good at creating images, what can I do? Professor: Practice helps. And the mind remembers things better if they are connected with other images. For example, I you have to pick up several items at the
43、 grocery store, say, carrots, egg, bananas, and milk, you can create a picture in your mind of a giant carrot, and hanging from it, a banana. Student: Then I could have a giant milk carton pouring milk over the carrot and banana. Professor: Certainly. Then what would you do with the egg? Student: Hm
44、mm. Id visualize an egg-shaped UFO flying across the sky. Professor: There you go. The more you apply the ideas, the easier it gets. Besides creating pictures, theres another technique that is very useful. Student: What is it? Professor: Establishing an association. Suppose you are looking for lost
45、keys. Relax, and let your mind look for all the images connected with those keys-their feel, the sounds they make. Student: How will that help? Professor: You might remember the sound the keys made when you placed then in a drawer or cold touch of the keys in your jacket were you left them. Student:
46、 Oh my gosh! I have to run. Its time my English class. I see an image of my teacher staring at my empty seat in the classroom. Many thanks, Professor. Professor: Not at all, and good luck with your memory. Ways of Improving Ones Memory Examples Creating images To remember the items to buy sat the gr
47、ocery store such as carrots, eggs, bananas, and milk Images that you may help: 1.a giant carrot and a banana hanging from it 2. a giant milk carton pouring milk over the carrot and banana 3. an egg-shaped UFO flying across the sky Establishing associations To find your lost keys Associations with so
48、und touch that may help: 1. The sound of the keys might remind you of having placed then in a drawer. 2. The cold touch of the keys might remind you of them in your jacket. Discussion SAMPLE A: As we just heard from the interview, the technique of associating certainly important in promoting memory.
49、 B: And according to the interview, creating images helps remember things. If your shopping list includes eggs, you might visualize an egg or an egg-shaped UFO flying across. A: Another important factor in improving memory can be of interest. If you get interested in something, you can remember it better. B: Yeah. And if you recognize facts into meaningful groups, you can remember them better. For instance, if you want to memorize all the names
