1、马克扎克伯格2017哈佛毕业演讲美国波士顿时间5月25日，哈佛大学举办了2017届学生毕业典礼。Facebook创始人马克扎克伯格（Mark Zuckerberg）回到母校，做了毕业典礼演讲。英文全文：President Faust, Board of Overseers, faculty, alumni, friends, proud parents, members of the ad board, and graduates of the greatest university in the world,Im honored to be with you today because, l
2、ets face it, you accomplished something I never could. If I get through this speech, itll be the first time I actually finish something at Harvard. Class of 2017, congratulations!Im an unlikely speaker, not just because I dropped out, but because were technically in the same generation. We walked th
3、is yard less than a decade apart, studied the same ideas and slept through the same Ec10 lectures. We may have taken different paths to get here, especially if you came all the way from the Quad, but today I want to share what Ive learned about our generation and the world were building together.But
4、 first, the last couple of days have brought back a lot of good memories.How many of you remember exactly what you were doing when you got that email telling you that you got into Harvard? I was playing Civilization and I ran downstairs, got my dad, and for some reason, his reaction was to video me
5、opening the email. That could have been a really sad video. I swear getting into Harvard is still the thing my parents are most proud of me for.What about your first lecture at Harvard? Mine was Computer Science 121 with the incredible Harry Lewis. I was late so I threw on a t-shirt and didnt realiz
6、e until afterwards it was inside out and backwards with my tag sticking out the front. I couldnt figure out why no one would talk to me - except one guy, KX Jin, he just went with it. We ended up doing our problem sets together, and now he runs a big part of Facebook. And that, Class of 2017, is why
7、 you should be nice to people.But my best memory from Harvard was meeting Priscilla. I had just launched this prank website Facemash, and the ad board wanted to see me. Everyone thought I was going to get kicked out. My parents came to help me pack. My friends threw me a going away party. As luck wo
8、uld have it, Priscilla was at that party with her friend. We met in line for the bathroom in the Pfoho Belltower, and in what must be one of the all time romantic lines, I said: Im going to get kicked out in three days, so we need to go on a date quickly.Actually, any of you graduating can use that
9、line.I didnt end up getting kicked out - I did that to myself. Priscilla and I started dating. And, you know, that movie made it seem like Facemash was so important to creating Facebook. It wasnt. But without Facemash I wouldnt have met Priscilla, and shes the most important person in my life, so yo
10、u could say it was the most important thing I built in my time here.Weve all started lifelong friendships here, and some of us even families. Thats why Im so grateful to this place. Thanks, Harvard.Today I want to talk about purpose. But Im not here to give you the standard commencement about findin
11、g your purpose. Were millennials. Well try to do that instinctively. Instead, Im here to tell you finding your purpose isnt enough. The challenge for our generation is creating a world where everyone has a sense of purpose.One of my favorite stories is when John F Kennedy visited the NASA space cent
12、er, he saw a janitor carrying a broom and he walked over and asked what he was doing. The janitor responded: Mr. President, Im helping put a man on the moon.Purpose is that sense that we are part of something bigger than ourselves, that we are needed, that we have something better ahead to work for.
13、 Purpose is what creates true happiness.Youre graduating at a time when this is especially important. When our parents graduated, purpose reliably came from your job, your church, your community. But today, technology and automation are eliminating many jobs. Membership in communities is declining.
14、Many people feel disconnected and depressed, and are trying to fill a void.As Ive traveled around, Ive sat with children in juvenile detention and opioid addicts, who told me their lives could have turned out differently if they just had something to do, an after school program or somewhere to go. I
15、ve met factory workers who know their old jobs arent coming back and are trying to find their place.To keep our society moving forward, we have a generational challenge - to not only create new jobs, but create a renewed sense of purpose.I remember the night I launched Facebook from my little dorm i
16、n Kirkland House. I went to Nochs with my friend KX. I remember telling him I was excited to connect the Harvard community, but one day someone would connect the whole world.The thing is, it never even occurred to me that someone might be us. We were just college kids. We didnt know anything about t
17、hat. There were all these big technology companies with resources. I just assumed one of them would do it. But this idea was so clear to us - that all people want to connect. So we just kept moving forward, day by day.I know a lot of you will have your own stories just like this. A change in the wor
18、ld that seems so clear youre sure someone else will do it. But they wont. You will.But its not enough to have purpose yourself. You have to create a sense of purpose for others.I found that out the hard way. You see, my hope was never to build a company, but to make an impact. And as all these peopl
19、e started joining us, I just assumed thats what they cared about too, so I never explained what I hoped wed build.A couple years in, some big companies wanted to buy us. I didnt want to sell. I wanted to see if we could connect more people. We were building the first News Feed, and I thought if we c
20、ould just launch this, it could change how we learn about the world.Nearly everyone else wanted to sell. Without a sense of higher purpose, this was the startup dream come true. It tore our company apart. After one tense argument, an advisor told me if I didnt agree to sell, I would regret the decis
21、ion for the rest of my life. Relationships were so frayed that within a year or so every single person on the management team was gone.That was my hardest time leading Facebook. I believed in what we were doing, but I felt alone. And worse, it was my fault. I wondered if I was just wrong, an imposte
22、r, a 22 year-old kid who had no idea how the world worked.Now, years later, I understand that *is* how things work with no sense of higher purpose. Its up to us to create it so we can all keep moving forward together.Today I want to talk about three ways to create a world where everyone has a sense
23、of purpose: by taking on big meaningful projects together, by redefining equality so everyone has the freedom to pursue purpose, and by building community across the world.First, lets take on big meaningful projects.Our generation will have to deal with tens of millions of jobs replaced by automatio
24、n like self-driving cars and trucks. But we have the potential to do so much more together.Every generation has its defining works. More than 300,000 people worked to put a man on the moon including that janitor. Millions of volunteers immunized children around the world against polio. Millions of m
25、ore people built the Hoover dam and other great projects.These projects didnt just provide purpose for the people doing those jobs, they gave our whole country a sense of pride that we could do great things.Now its our turn to do great things. I know, youre probably thinking: I dont know how to buil
26、d a dam, or get a million people involved in anything.But let me tell you a secret: no one does when they begin. Ideas dont come out fully formed. They only become clear as you work on them. You just have to get started.If I had to understand everything about connecting people before I began, I neve
27、r would have started Facebook.Movies and pop culture get this all wrong. The idea of a single eureka moment is a dangerous lie. It makes us feel inadequate since we havent had ours. It prevents people with seeds of good ideas from getting started. Oh, you know what else movies get wrong about innova
28、tion? No one writes math formulas on glass. Thats not a thing.Its good to be idealistic. But be prepared to be misunderstood. Anyone working on a big vision will get called crazy, even if you end up right. Anyone working on a complex problem will get blamed for not fully understanding the challenge,
29、 even though its impossible to know everything upfront. Anyone taking initiative will get criticized for moving too fast, because theres always someone who wants to slow you down.In our society, we often dont do big things because were so afraid of making mistakes that we ignore all the things wrong
30、 today if we do nothing. The reality is, anything we do will have issues in the future. But that cant keep us from starting.So what are we waiting for? Its time for our generation-defining public works. How about stopping climate change before we destroy the planet and getting millions of people inv
31、olved manufacturing and installing solar panels? How about curing all diseases and asking volunteers to track their health data and share their genomes? Today we spend 50x more treating people who are sick than we spend finding cures so people dont get sick in the first place. That makes no sense. W
32、e can fix this. How about modernizing democracy so everyone can vote online, and personalizing education so everyone can learn?These achievements are within our reach. Lets do them all in a way that gives everyone in our society a role. Lets do big things, not only to create progress, but to create
33、purpose.So taking on big meaningful projects is the first thing we can do to create a world where everyone has a sense of purpose.The second is redefining equality to give everyone the freedom they need to pursue purpose.Many of our parents had stable jobs throughout their careers. Now were all entr
34、epreneurial, whether were starting projects or finding or role. And thats great. Our culture of entrepreneurship is how we create so much progress.Now, an entrepreneurial culture thrives when its easy to try lots of new ideas. Facebook wasnt the first thing I built. I also built games, chat systems,
35、 study tools and music players. Im not alone. JK Rowling got rejected 12 times before publishing Harry Potter. Even Beyonce had to make hundreds of songs to get Halo. The greatest successes come from having the freedom to fail.But today, we have a level of wealth inequality that hurts everyone. When
36、 you dont have the freedom to take your idea and turn it into a historic enterprise, we all lose. Right now our society is way over-indexed on rewarding success and we dont do nearly enough to make it easy for everyone to take lots of shots.Lets face it. There is something wrong with our system when
37、 I can leave here and make billions of dollars in 10 years while millions of students cant afford to pay off their loans, let alone start a business.Look, I know a lot of entrepreneurs, and I dont know a single person who gave up on starting a business because they might not make enough money. But I
38、 know lots of people who havent pursued dreams because they didnt have a cushion to fall back on if they failed.We all know we dont succeed just by having a good idea or working hard. We succeed by being lucky too. If I had to support my family growing up instead of having time to code, if I didnt k
39、now Id be fine if Facebook didnt work out, I wouldnt be standing here today. If were honest, we all know how much luck weve had.Every generation expands its definition of equality. Previous generations fought for the vote and civil rights. They had the New Deal and Great Society. Now its our time to
40、 define a new social contract for our generation.We should have a society that measures progress not just by economic metrics like GDP, but by how many of us have a role we find meaningful. We should explore ideas like universal basic income to give everyone a cushion to try new things. Were going t
41、o change jobs many times, so we need affordable childcare to get to work and healthcare that arent tied to one company. Were all going to make mistakes, so we need a society that focuses less on locking us up or stigmatizing us. And as technology keeps changing, we need to focus more on continuous e
42、ducation throughout our lives.And yes, giving everyone the freedom to pursue purpose isnt free. People like me should pay for it. Many of you will do well and you should too.Thats why Priscilla and I started the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative and committed our wealth to promoting equal opportunity. Thes
43、e are the values of our generation. It was never a question of if we were going to do this. The only question was when.Millennials are already one of the most charitable generations in history. In one year, three of four US millennials made a donation and seven out of ten raised money for charity.Bu
44、t its not just about money. You can also give time. I promise you, if you take an hour or two a week - thats all it takes to give someone a hand, to help them reach their potential.Maybe you think thats too much time. I used to. When Priscilla graduated from Harvard she became a teacher, and before
45、shed do education work with me, she told me I needed to teach a class. I complained: Well, Im kind of busy. Im running this company. But she insisted, so I taught a middle school program on entrepreneurship at the local Boys and Girls Club.I taught them lessons on product development and marketing,
46、and they taught me what its like feeling targeted for your race and having a family member in prison. I shared stories from my time in school, and they shared their hope of one day going to college too. For five years now, Ive been having dinner with those kids every month. One of them threw me and
47、Priscilla our first baby shower. And next year theyre going to college. Every one of them. First in their families.We can all make time to give someone a hand. Lets give everyone the freedom to pursue their purpose - not only because its the right thing to do, but because when more people can turn t
48、heir dreams into something great, were all better for it.Purpose doesnt only come from work. The third way we can create a sense of purpose for everyone is by building community. And when our generation says everyone, we mean everyone in the world.Quick show of hands: how many of you are from another country? Now, how many of you are friends with one of these folks? Now were talking. We have grown up connected.In a survey asking millennials around the world what defines our identity, the most popular answer wasnt nationality, religion or e
