1、IIPRINCIPLESANDMETHODSOFENGLISHPROSETRANSLATIONABSTRACTPROSEASALITERARYSTYLE,THEMOSTIMPORTANTFEATUREIS“THESHAPEDISPERSESBUTTHESPIRITDOESNOTDISPERSE“,ANDTHEMOSTFUNDAMENTALELEMENTSARELANGUAGE,LYRICALANDAESTHETICINTHEPROCESSOFTRANSLATION,CONTENTANDSTYLESHOULDBECONSIDEREDEQUALLYMOREOVER,ITREQUIRESTHETRA
2、NSLATORPRECISELYAPPRECIATETHEAESTHETICFACTORSOFTHEORIGINALTEXTONTHEBASISOFCORRECTCOMPREHENSION,ANDMAKEALLEFFECTSTOCONVEYTHESEFACTORSFROMPERSPECTIVESOFCONTENTOFTHEMEANDFEELINGS,LINGUISTICFEATURESANDRHETORICDEVICESCOMPAREDWITHWESTERNS,CHINESETRANSLATORSPAYMOREATTENTIONONTHEPROSETRANSLATION,BUTMAINLYON
3、THESIDEOFPROSETRANSLATIONTHISTHESISCONSISTSOFTHREEPARTSATFIRST,ITGIVESACOMPREHENSIVEDEFINITIONOFENGLISHPROSEFROMTHEASPECTSOFLANGUAGECHARACTERISTIC,LITERALSTYLEANDAESTHETICJUDGEMENTTHENBASEDONTHEBASICPRINCIPLES,ITTRIESTOEXPLORETHEPRINCIPLESOFENGLISHPROSETRANSLATIONFROMTHEASPECTSOFSTYLECHARACTERISTICA
4、NDCONTEXTFINALLY,ITEXPLORESTHEMETHODSOFENGLISHPROSETRANSLATION,INORDERTOUSETRANSLATIONSKILLSFLEXIBLYITSNOTONLYTRANSLATINGTHESHAPES,BUTALSOCONVEYINGTHEPROSESPIRITSKEYWORDSPROSELANGUAGECHARACTERISTICLITERARYSTYLEPRINCIPLESKILLIII摘要散文作为文学样式的一种，最主要的特点是“形散而神不散”，最根本的莫过于语言，抒情和审美三端。散文在翻译过程中，要求内容与风格并重，同时要求译者
5、明确英语散文定义的基础上准确的把握其审美要素，从语言特色，文体风格，节奏与韵律等诸方面再现原文的艺术整体效果。中国翻译界对散文翻译的研究较西方为盛，然而主要是就散文翻译的某个侧面开展的研究。本论文共有三个部分。首先从语言特点，文体风格，审美角度对英语散文进行界定，然后基于翻译的基本原则，从语境方面探究英语散文翻译的原则。最后探究英语散文翻译的技巧，灵活巧妙地运用翻译技巧，不仅译其形而且传其神。关键字散文、语言特点、文体风格、原则、技巧IVCONTENTSINTRODUCTION11GENERALREMARKSABOUTENGLISHPROSE211DEFINITIONS212LANGUAGEC
6、HARACTERISTICS213LITERARYSTYLE314AESTHETICJUDGEMENTOFENGLISHPROSE42TRANSLATIONPRINCIPLESOFENGLISHPROSE521REFLECTINGTHECHARACTERISTICSOFPROSESTYLE522MAINTAININGINTEGRITYOFOVERALLSMOOTH623SELECTINGPRECISEANDAPPROPRIATEWORDS724TRANSLATINGACCORDINGTOTHEORIGINALCONTEXT73TRANSLATIONMETHODSOFENGLISHPROSE83
7、1TRANSLATIONOFWORDSINENGLISHPROSE832TRANSLATIONOFSENTENCESINENGLISHPROSE1133TRANSLATIONOFTITLESINENGLISHPROSE1234TRANSLATIONOFIDIOMSINENGLISHPROSE13CONCLUSION16WORKSCITED18ACKNOWLEDGMENTS错误未定义书签。1INTRODUCTIONPROSEASALITERARYARTFORM,ITSWITHSUBJECTIVITYANDCREATIVITYBEFOREEXPLORINGPROSETRANSLATION,WENE
8、EDMAKECLEAROFESSENTIALPROPERTYOFLITERARYTRANSLATIONITISNOTTHECONSTRAINTSOFRHYTHMANDPLOT,BUTAFLEXIBLEANDCASUAL,RELAXEDCOMFORTABLESTYLEASAMATTEROFFACT,PROSETRANSLATIONACCOUNTSFORALIONSSHAREINTHETRANSLATIONACTIVITIESANDTRANSLATORSDEVOTEDTOTHISAREAAREBYNOMEANSRAREFACTSAREOFTENREPEATEDANDREITERATEDINVARI
9、OUSWAYSSOTHATTHEYAREUNDERSTOODBYAREADERBUTTHEEXCESSIVEUSEOFTHISTECHNIQUECANOFTENMAKEASERIOUSPIECEOFWRITINGSEEMLIKEAPOLEMICCOMPAREDWITHTRANSLATIONSTUDIESOFOTHERLITERARYGENRES,THOSECONCERNINGPROSETRANSLATIONHAVEBEENLESSINTENSIVETHEREAREMANYREASONSINMYOPINION,THEFUNDAMENTALREASONISTHATPROSEISTOOGENERAL
10、ACONCEPT,INCLUDINGTOOMANYFORMSOFWRITINGSITISASHARDTOSTUDYTRANSLATIONMETHODSOFTHEPROSEASAWHOLEASTODEFINESOVASTATERRITORYTHEPROSECOVERSONTHEOTHERHAND,THEPROSELANGUAGEISOFTENMISTAKENLYREGARDEDASINFERIORTOTHATOFPOETRYMARYSNELLHORNBYTHINKSTHAT“TRANSLATIONISTOCREATE“22LIUMIQINGPRESEATSTHEIDEAOF“LIMITEDCRE
11、ATIVITY“13ZHANGPEIJISUGGESTS“THEORIGINALISPERFORMANCE,TRANSLATIONISREPRODUCTION“16ITSEEMSTHATPROSETRANSLATIONCANBEATTRIBUTEDTO“ARTISTICRECREATION“PROSEAUTHORSCANEXPRESSTHEIROWNMINDSDIRECTLYANDFREELY,WHILELITERARYWORKSAREASHUMANSSOITISNOTENOUGHTOEXPRESSMEANINGONLY,BUTALSOPAYATTENTIONTOMAINTAININGTHEO
12、RIGINALFEELING,FLAVOR,MOODANDSTYLELITERATUREISAKINDOFART,ANDITSTRANSLATIONSHOULDALSOBEAWORKOFARTTHETHESISFIRSTGIVESTHEDEFINITIONOFENGLISHPROSEANDANALYSESTHELITERARYCHARACTERISTICSOFENGLISHPROSEWITHEXAMPLESTHENITTRIESTOEXPLORETHEPRINCIPLESOFENGLISHPROSETRANSLATIONFROMTHEASPECTOFSTYLECHARACTERISTICAND
13、CONTEXTANDTHELASTPARTEXPLORESTHEMETHODSOFENGLISHPROSETRANSLATIONTHISTHESISAIMSATACHIEVINGANINTEGRALARTISTICEFFECT,ITREQUIRESTHETRANSLATORPRECISELYAPPRECIATETHEAESTHETICFACTORSOFTHEORIGINALTEXTONTHEBASISOFCORRECTCOMPREHENSION,ANDMAKEALLEFFECTSTOCONVEYTHESEFACTORSFROM2PERSPECTIVESOFCONTENTOFTHEMEANDFE
14、ELINGS,LINGUISTICFEATURESANDRHETORICDEVICESITWILLLISTASFOLLOWED1GENERALREMARKSABOUTENGLISHPROSEENGLISHPROSEHASITSOWNCHARACTERISTICSTHUS,ITHASDIFFERENTPRINCIPLESANDSKILLSINENGLISHPROSETRANSLATIONINTHISSECTION，ITWILLDISCUSSSOMEMOREDETAILSABOUTENGLISHPROSE11DEFINITIONSPROSEISWRITINGDISTINGUISHEDFROMPOE
15、TRYBYITSGREATERVARIETYOFRHYTHMANDITSCLOSERRESEMBLANCETOTHEPATTERNSOFEVERYDAYSPEECHTHEWORD“PROSE“COMESFROMTHELATIN“PROSA“,MEANINGSTRAIGHTFORWARDTHISDESCRIBESTHETYPEOFWRITINGTHATPROSEEMBODIES,UNADORNEDWITHOBVIOUSSTYLISTICDEVICESPROSEWRITINGISUSUALLYADOPTEDFORTHEDESCRIPTIONOFFACTSORTHEDISCUSSIONOFIDEAS
16、ALTHOUGHSOMEWORKSOFPROSEMAYHAPPENTOCONTAINTRACESOFMETRICALSTRUCTUREORVERSIFICATION,ACONSCIOUSBLENDOFTHETWOFORMSOFLITERATUREISKNOWNASAPROSEPOEMSIMILARLY,POETRYWITHLESSOFTHECOMMONRULESANDLIMITATIONSOFVERSEISKNOWNASFREEVERSEPOETRYISCONSIDEREDTOBEARTIFICIALLYDEVELOPED“THEBESTWORDSINTHEBESTORDER“JIA97,WH
17、EREASPROSEISTHOUGHTTOBELESSCONSTRUCTEDANDMOREREFLECTIVEOFORDINARYSPEECHPIERREDERONSARD,THEFRENCHPOETSAIDTHATHISTRAININGASAPOETHADPROVEDTOHIMTHATPROSEANDPOETRYWEREMORTALENEMIESTHESTATUSOFPROSEHASCHANGEDTHROUGHOUTITSHISTORY12LANGUAGECHARACTERISTICSTHETYPESOFLITERARYSTYLEINCLUDELITERATURESTYLE,TECHNICA
18、LSTYLE,DESIGNSTYLEALTHOUGHPROSEBELONGSTOTHELITERATURESTYLE,ITHASTHEWIDESPREADTHEME,COMPREHENSIVEANDRICHLANGUAGECHARACTERISTICSSOIFWEWANTTOTRANSLATEPROSECORRECTLY,WENEEDUNDERSTANDTHECHARACTERISTICSFIRSTLYTHEMOSTBASICLANGUAGEFEATUREOFPROSEIS“DISPERSAL“,BUTACTUALLY“THESHAPEDISPERSESBUTTHESPIRITDOESNOTD
19、ISPERSE“,THEREFOREWHENWECARRYTHEPROSETRANSLATION,ASTRANSLATIONSTANDARDS“FAITHFULNESS,EXPRESSIVENESS,ELEGANCE“,WHICHCANBEGENERALIZEDINTOTWOCHARACTERSACCURATEANDSMOOTH3GENERALLYITSCALLED“FAITHFULNESSANDSMOOTHNESS“FORSHORTACCURACYISTHETRANSLATIONWRITINGSTYLETHATISCONSISTENTWITHORIGINALTEXTCONTENTSMOOTH
20、TRANSLATIONINCLUDESLINKEDUPLANGUAGE,CLEARCONTEXTANDLEVELINTHEPROSETRANSLATION,ASTOTHETWOTRANSLATIONSTANDARDS,TRANSLATORSHAVENODIFFERENCEINPRINCIPLEINUNDERSTANDING,BUTTHEYHAVEDIFFERENTSTANDARDSWHENITCOMESTODIFFERENTPOINTS13LITERARYSTYLETHESTYLEOFPROSEISTHECHARACTERISTICMANNEROFEXPRESSIONOFTHISLITERAR
21、YPATTERNANDTHESTUDYONTHEPROSESTYLEISHELPFULTOTHEAPPRECIATIONANDTRANSLATIONOFENGLISHPROSEWHENITCOMESTOAGOODPROSESTYLE,WEMUSTUNDERSTANDTHEMEANINGOFSTYLEFIRSTLYTHETERM“STYLE“APPLIESTOAVARIETYOFARTFORMS,INCLUDINGLITERATURE,MUSIC,PAINTING,ANDARCHITECTURELOTSOFSCHOLARSONTHELITERARYSTYLEGIVEITDIFFERENTINTE
22、RPRETATIONSWEILIANSITELENKSAID“THEARTICLEFULLOFVITALITYSHOULDBECONCISETHESENTENCESHOULDNOTHAVEEXTRAWORDS,WHILETHEPARAGRAPHWITHOUTEXTRASENTENCES“QTDINNEWMARK57SIMPLICITYANDACCURACYOFWORDSRELATEDTOTHEUSEOFNOUNSANDVERBS,ANDMANYFAMOUSWRITERSAREGOODATMASTERINGTHENOUNSANDVERBSINTHETEXT“YOUTH“,WRITTENBYJOS
23、EPHCONRAD,WECANFINDSUCHADESCRIPTIONDAYANDDAYANDNIGHTAFTERNIGHTTHEREWASNOTHINGROUNDTHESHIPBUTTHEHOWLOFTHEWIND,THETUMULTOFTHESEA,THENOISEOFWATERPOURINGOVERHERDECKTHEREWASNORESTFORHERANDNORESTFORUSSHETOSSED,SHEPITCHED,SHESTOODONHERHEAD,SHESATONHERTAIL,SHEROLLED,SHEGROANED,ANDWEHADTOHOLDONWHILEONDECKAND
24、CLINGTOOURBUNKSWHENBELOW,INACONSTANTEFFORTOFBODYANDWORRYOFMIND（QTDINANDERMAN79）INTHISTEXT,THEAUTHORUSESTHEPHRASE“HOW“,“TUMULT“,“NOISE“ANDSEVERALOTHERTERMSLIVELYDESCRIBEDTHEDANGEROUSNATURALENVIRONMENTOFTHESEA,ANDWITHASERIESOFVERBSLIKE“TOSS,PITCH,STAND,SIT,ROLL,GROAN“DESCRIBEDPEOPLETHATWEREINDEPRESSED
25、ANDDESPERATESTATEHISACCURATEANDLIVELYDESCRIPTION4GAVETHEREADERSAGREATIMAGINATIONSPACE,ANDHELPEDTHEMPUTINTHESCENE14AESTHETICJUDGEMENTOFENGLISHPROSEENGLISHPROSELANGUAGEISBOTHEXPRESSIVEFEATURESANDAESTHETICFUNCTIONPROSETRANSLATIONISANAESTHETICPRACTICE,NOTONLYTOCONVEYTHEORIGINALTEXTSFORMALBEAUTY,BUTALSOT
26、OCONVEYTHEBEAUTYOFORIGINALCONTENTANDSTYLE141FORMALBEAUTYOFPROSETRANSLATIONUSUALLY,THEAESTHETICCHARACTERISTICOFFORMALLANGUAGEISINTUITION,WHICHCONCRETELYPERFORMSTHEFORMALBEAUTYOFCOMPOSITESTRUCTUREANDTHEMUSICBEAUTYOFPHONEMECOMPOSITEATFIRST,AGOODTEXTGIVESREADERSASENSEOFWORDBEAUTYTHEREFORE,ITREFLECTEDINT
27、HEWRITERSWORDSANDSENTENCES,THEPERFORMANCEOFTHEPHONOLOGYANDRHYTHM,ITISALSOMANIFESTEDINAVARIETYOFDIFFERENTAESTHETICRHETORICFOREXAMPLE1燕子去了,有再来的时候杨柳枯了,有再青的时候桃花谢了,有再开的时候。“SWALLOWSMAYHAVEGONE,BUTTHEREISATIMEOFRETURNWILLOWSTREESMAYHAVEDIEDBACK,BUTTHEREISATIMEOFREGREENINGPREACHBLOSSOMSMAYHAVEFALLEN,BUTTHEY
28、WILLBLOOMAGAIN”（QTDINANDERMAN56）2洗手的时候,日子从水盆里过去吃饭的时候,日子从饭碗里过去默默时,便从凝然的双眼前过去。THEDAYSFLOWSAWAYTHROUGHTHESINKWHENIWASHMYHANDS,WEARSOFFINTHEBOWLWHENIEATMYMEAL,PASSESAWAYBEFOREMYDAYDREAMINGGAZEASIREFLECTINSILENCE（QTDINANDERMAN56）ASWECANSEE,THETRANSLATIONANDTHEORIGINALBOTHUSEAESTHETICRHETORICINPARALLELISM
29、STRUCTURE,REFLECTINGTHEBEAUTYOFMUSIC,SYMMETRYANDBALANCETHEBEAUTYOFLANGUAGEFORMALWILLBEHARMONIZED142CONTENTBEAUTYOFPROSETRANSLATIONTHESUCCESSFULPROSETRANSLATIONSATTRACTTHEREADERS,WHICHRELYONFORMALBEAUTYANDCONTENTBEAUTYIFTHETRANSLATIONSEPARATESFROMTHEORIGINALCONTENT,NOMATTERHOWBEAUTIFULOFITSFORM,THERE
30、ISNOAESTHETICVALUEATALLTHEUNITYOFCONTENTBEAUTYISCONVEYINGTHEORIGINALCONTENT,TOAVOIDDISTORTIONOF5INFORMATIONCONTENTTRANSLATIONISLIKEAPAINTERPAINTING,FIRSTTOSEIZETHEOBJECTIVECHARACTERSHAPEANDDEMEANOR,ANDTHENDRAWITSIMILARLY,THETRANSLATORALWAYSMASTERALANGUAGETOEXPRESSTHOUGHTSANDFEELINGS,STYLE,ANDTHENUSE
31、TRANSLATIONSKILLSTOCONVEYITBYANOTHERLANGUAGETHEBEAUTYOFCONTENTMAINLYREFLECTEDINTHETHOUGHTSFENG17TRANSLATORSALSOUSEPERSONIFICATION,EXPRESSINGTHEORIGINALAUTHORSMINDCLEARLYTHETOTALTRANSLATIONDOESNTDISTORTORIGINALIDEASANDINFORMATIONCONTENT,THECONTENTBEAUTYCONVEYEDCOMPLETELY2TRANSLATIONPRINCIPLESOFENGLIS
32、HPROSETHEBASICPRINCIPLEOFTRANSLATIONIS“FAITHFULNESS,EXPRESSIVENESSANDELEGANCE”ATFIRST,THEENGLISHPROSETRANSLATIONSHOULDOBEYTHEBASICPRINCIPLES,BUTBECAUSEOFITSDIFFERENCEWITHTHECOMMONTRANSLATION,ITHASITSOWNPRINCIPLESOFTRANSLATION21REFLECTINGTHECHARACTERISTICSOFPROSESTYLETHESETWOTRANSLATIONLANGUAGESTYLES
33、MUSTKEEPINCONSISTENTTHESETWOTRANSLATIONLANGUAGESTYLESMUSTKEEPINCONSISTENTANYTRANSLATIONOFANARTICLESSMOOTHNESSINVOLVESTHECONSISTENTOFKINDSOFLANGUAGESTYLEASALITERARYFORM,PROSEHASITSUNIQUELANGUAGESTYLE,NAMELY“FREEDOMANDELEGANCE“TRANSLATIONOFTHEORIGINALCONVEYSHISIDEAS,NOTONLYTHESURFACEMEANINGOFTHEWORDFA
34、ITHFUL,BUTALSOACHIEVINGTHESTANDARDREQUIREMENTOF“TRUST“,“SMOOTH“OFPROSETRANSLATION,WHICHREFLECTEDTHEORIGINALLANGUAGESTYLEINTHETRANSLATIONWILLSTYLECANBETRANSLATEDITHASBEENAVEXEDQUESTIONOFTHETRANSLATIONCOMMUNITYONEVIEWISTHATSTYLEBELONGSTOTHEFORMRELATIVETOCONTENT,ITCANNOTBETRANSLATEDOTHERSTHINKTHATLANGU
35、AGECONTENTANDSTYLEAREMUTUALLYCONSISTENTIFTHETRANSLATIONDELICATEORIGINALSTYLECOMPLETELY,THEREFORE,ITCANMAKETHEFULLARTICLELIVELYASBERNARDSHAWSAID,“IDEAEXPRESSED,STYLEFOLLOWED“QTDINGREEN42THEFOLLOWINGISANEXAMPLETOILLUSTRATETHIS63HIGHINASMOOTHOCEANOFSKYFLOATEDADAZZLINGMAJESTICSUNFRAGMENTSOFPOWDERYCLOUD,
36、LIKESPRAYFLUNGFROMAWAVECRESTSPRINKLEDTHERADIANT,LIKEBLUEHEAVEN万里晴空,像水波不行的大海,威严的烈日射出炫目的光芒,几片碎云,像从浪峰中喷出的火花散落在蔚蓝色的天空,闪烁着银灰。INTHISSECTION,THESENTENCEINENGLISHDEVELOPEDBYRHETORICALMEANSOFFLIPSTARTWHICHBYTWOPARALLELISMSIMILESENTENCEASTOTHIS,MOREPEOPLEFEELTHESPLENDOROFSPECTACULARTHAT“THELIMITLESSEXPANSEOFT
37、HESKY“22MAINTAININGINTEGRITYOFOVERALLSMOOTHTHEEXPRESSIONOFLANGUAGETOBETRANSLATEDSHOULDBECONSISTENTWITHTHETARGETLANGUAGEHABITSASMUCHASPOSSIBLE,WHICHISTHENECESSARYREQUIREMENTOFPROSETRANSLATIONTHETRANSLATORSHOULDGETRIDOFTHEORIGINALCONSTRAINTS,ANALYSISANDUNDERSTANDTHEGENERALCHARACTERISTICSOFTHEORIGINALT
38、EXT,NAMELY,THESTRUCTUREOFTEXT,SUBJECT,RHETORICALMEANS,THEEFFECTSOFATMOSPHEREANDEMOTIONALTHEFOLLOWINGISANEXAMPLEFORANALYSISTHIS4THEYEARSSEASONINTHESUNHASRUNITCOURSENATUREBEGINSTOPREPAREFORWINTERTHELITTEROFAUTUMNWILLBECOMEMULCH,THENHUMUSFORROOTTENDERSEEDTHEAGENCYOFGROWTHISENDEDFORANOTHERYEAR,BUTLIFEIT
39、SELFISHOARDINROOTANDBULBANDSEEDANDEGG阳光下,九月健步走完它的旅程,大自然开始进入冬季。秋日的馈赠覆盖在大地上,沃土滋养着根茎和幼嫩的种子。生长的冲动中止，静待来年，但是生命本身却藏身于根茎、籽卵之中，永无止息。THISISALYRICALPROSEWITHSIMPLEWORDSTRUCTURE,ANDFRESHTONETHISTRANSLATIONFULLYTAKESCAREOFTHETEXTSCONSISTENCY,FLUENCYANDELEGANCESEQUENCEINLINECOINCIDESTARGETLANGUAGEHABIT,BECAUSENA
40、TURECHANGEDOMINATEDBYTHESUNANDTHEMOON“THESUN“ISPLACEDINTHEBEGINNINGOFASENTENCE,THEORIGINALATTRIBUTIVEACCORDINGTOTHETARGETLANGUAGEOUTOFTHEADVERBIALATTHEENDOFPARAGRAPH,THETRANSLATORADDS“永无止息“ACCORDINGTO7THEMEANINGOFTHEENTIREPARAGRAPHADDINGWORDISTOREPRODUCETHEORIGINALIMPLICATION,WHILEACTONTHEROLEOFCOMM
41、ANDINGTHEWHOLEPARAGRAPHASARESULT,CONDUCTINGTRANSLATIONCOULDNTUSEAPPLIEDMECHANICALLY,DEADTRANSLATEDORINDISCRIMINATETRANSLATED，BUTREGROUPINGANDRECREATION,TRANSLATIONCANBEFLUENTOFCOURSE,THESTRUCTURECHANGEDDOESNOTMEANTHATTHEMEANINGCANBECHANGED23SELECTINGPRECISEANDAPPROPRIATEWORDSWORDSARETHEBASICUNITOFTH
42、EARTICLETHETRANSLATORSHOULDTAKESERIOUSCAREOFEVERYWORDCHOICE,EXCEPTFORSTYLE,FLUENTWRITINGACCORDINGTOTHECHARACTERISTICSOFPROSE,THEUSEOFWORDSMUSTBECONSISTENTWITHTHEORIGINALSITUATION,ANDTHECHOICEOFWORDSMUSTBEBASEDONTHESTATUSOFWORDSINTHETEXTTOMAKEWORDSCOINCIDINGWITHTHESITUATIONINASENSE,CLEARANDAPPROPRIAT
43、EWORDSARETHEKEYTOSUCCESSTHEFOLLOWINGISANEXAMPLETOILLUSTRATE5THEREWASLESSWORKFORTHEMULESANDHORSEAFTERATRACTORCAMETOTHEFARMTHEYSPENTMUCHTIMEINIDLENESS,MUNCHINGTHESUMMERGRASS拖拉机开进农场后,这些骡子和马的工作就少多了。它们大部分时间都无所事事,只顾嚼着夏季的青草。LOOKINGATTHEWHOLEPARAGRAPH,ALTHOUGHTHISTEXTISNOTDIFFICULT,TRANSLATORSHAVECARRIEDOUT
44、CAREFULCONSIDERATIONOFWORDSANDPHRASESBYCHOOSINGTHECORRESPONDINGLANGUAGETRANSLATIONOFTARGETLANGUAGEANDIDIOMJUSTLIKETHEORALWORD“开进”,IDIOMSOF“无所事事”WHICHAREELEGANTANDIMPRESSIVETHEWORD“只顾”TOGETHERWITH“嚼着夏季的青草”CONVEYTHEORIGINALTASTEINGENIOUSLYSUITABLYINTHEPROCESSOFTRANSLATION,THETRANSLATORSPENDSALOTOFTIME
45、THINKINGABOUTTHEWORDMEANINGANDFINDINGTHEMOSTAPPROPRIATEMATCHVOCABULARYINTHETARGETLANGUAGE24TRANSLATINGACCORDINGTOTHEORIGINALCONTEXTCONTEXTISTHELANGUAGESITUATIONEXPRESSEDBYWORDS,PHRASES,SENTENCES8INTOAUNIFIEDIDEOLOGICALCONSTRAINTSOFMUTUALBEHAVIOR,INTERRELATED,INTERACTING,ALSOISTHE“LANGUAGEFIELD“WHICH
46、CONVEYSTHEMEANINGOFLANGUAGECONTENTOWINGTOCONTEXTISTHE“LANGUAGEFIELD“THATDETERMINETHELANGUAGEMEANINGSEETHEFOLLOWINGEXAMPLE6THEREEXISTSINTHEUNITEDSTATESATTHISTIMEAPOWERFULGROUPOFPERSONSWHOARESPECIALIZINGINTHEPURSUITOFCRIMEONANORGNIZEDSCALETHEYUTILIZETHELATESTTECHNOLOGIESANDSCIENTIFICKNOWHOWINTHECOUNDU
47、CTOFTHEIROPERATION,WHICHSPANTHECONTINENTFROMCOASTTOCOASTINENGLISH,THEWORD“OPERATION“ISPOLYSEMY,ITCANMEANTHE“OPERATION“,“RUN“,“ACTION“AND“MANAGEMENT“OR“EFFECT“ANDSOONBUTTODETERMINETHETERMSSPECIFICMEANINGINTHISFIELDSHOULDREFERTOTHECONTEXTAFTERREADINGTHISMATERIAL,WELEARNEDTHATTHEPARAGRAPHTALKINGABOUTTH
48、EGANGCRIMEINTHEUNITEDSTATESTHEYMAKEUSEOFHIGHTECHTRICKTOCOMMITACRIMETHEREFORE,WESHOULDTRANSLATETHEWORD“OPERATION“INTO“THEIRCRIMINALACTIVITIES“HOWEVER,IFTHEWORDAPPEARSIN“THEOPERATIONSOFTHEUNTROOPSFAILEDTOACHIEVEITSTARGETS“,BECAUSEOFTHELIMITEDUNTROOPSWECANONLYTRANSLATEITINTO“MILITARYOPERATIONS“THUS,TOI
49、DENTIFYASPECIFICWORDORPHRASEISINTENDEDTOCONTEXTINOTHERWORDS,CONTEXTISONEOFTHEIMPORTANTTHEORIESOFPRAGMATICITISNOTONLYINRESEARCHOFSIGNIFICANCEINPRAGMATIC,BUTALSOITPLAYSANEXTREMELYIMPORTANTROLEINTRANSLATION3TRANSLATIONMETHODSOFENGLISHPROSETHEREAREMANYMETHODSOFENGLISHTOCHINESETRANSLATIONSKILLS,INCLUDINGWORDS,LONGSENTENCES,PARAGRAPHSANDSOONWHENITCOMESTOWORDS,ITRELATEDTOTRANSLATIONSKILLSOFNOUNS,VERBS,PREPSANDSOONBUTTHETRANSLATIONOFENGLISHPROSEHASITSOWNSKILL,WHICHARESTATEDASFOLLOWED31TRANSLATIONOFWORDSINENGLISHPROSEINLITERARYTRANSLATION,TRANSLATIONISNOTONLYTOCONVEYTHEORIGINALMESSAGE,BUT
