1、 Junior English- Grammar From : Constance Lee可数名词和不可数名词一、名词：名词是所有事物的名称，包括人、物及抽象概念。名词分为普通名词和专有名词两大类。名词在句子中作主语，宾语或表语等。1) 可数名词（Countable Nouns）: 一般来说个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词。可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。例如: a book, two books, a student, three students, a family, many families。名词单数变复数变化如下： 词尾直接加s如：catcats bagbags day
2、days 以 s, sh, ch, x 结尾的词加es如：classclasses, matchmatches ,box- boxes, dish - dishes, bus - buses, peach - peaches . 以辅音加y结尾的词变y为i加es. 元音加y 结尾的词直接加s,如: party-parties city-cities story-stories family-families baby - babiesboy- toys monkey- monkeys key- keys等. 以f或 fe结尾的词, 变f或fe 为v, 加 es,如: wife - wives,
3、 half- halves, shelfshelves, knife - knives, life-lives, leaf-leaves.注意特殊情况直接加“s”，要逐个记 chiefs, handkerchiefs , roofs. 以辅音加 o 结尾的词常加es, 如: tomatoes, potatoes, heroes. 元音加o结尾直接加s. 如:radios, zoos, pianos, roof 特殊情况: photos 名词单数变复数特殊变化也要逐个记得如: man-men, woman-women, tooth-teeth, goose-geese, foot-feet, c
4、hild-children, mouse-mice, oxoxen.（注意：以下单复同形：deer, sheep, species, means, Chinese, Japanese）2) 不可数名词（Uncountable Nouns） 不可数名词不能用数字计算包括物质名词( air, water等)及抽象名词(advice, hate)等。所以它通常只有单数形式。如：English, air, water, cotton, work 不可数名词表示数量时，可以用量词来表达(量词有复数形式)其结构是数词+量词+OF+名词。如：a bottle of water, two cups of te
5、a, three pieces of paper不可数名词的类别： 食物：food ,salt, bread, rice, beef, meat, pork, butter（黄油）,cream. 液体：water, juice, milk, coffee, tea, coke, oil, wine. 表示自然现象：snow, ice ,rain, air. 其他类：money, news ,homework, housework, advice（意见）,information（信息，资料）time, work , room(空间), music, weather ,space, sand, f
6、urniture（家具）,注意：下列词语在不同含义下词性的不同。chicken 鸡肉（不可数名词） 鸡（可数名词）fish 鱼肉（不可数名词） 鱼的种类（可数名词）room 空间（不可数名词） 房间（可数名词）glass 玻璃（不可数名词） 杯子（可数名词）paper 纸张（不可数名词） 试卷（可数名词）experience 经验（不可数名词） 经历（可数名词）注意事项：1不可数名词没有复数变化，不能用A，AN，但可用THE，或不用冠词，如：bread is the usual breakfast.2虽然不可数名词没有复数变化，但量词超过一时要加复数。如：three cups of coffe
7、e, five bottles of water3有量词修饰时注意名词是否可数，不可数时用单数，可数时用复数，如：ten bags of rice- ten baskets of eggs跟踪练习I. 找出下列笑话中的可数名词，并写出其复数形式： In the market, a buyer asked a seller “How much is this cat, please?” “100 dollars.” “But you only asked for 20 dollars yesterday!” “Yes, thats true. But this cat ate a bird la
8、st night and the bird was worth 80 dollars!”II.找出不可数名词，在横线上打勾，并将可数名词变成复数形式：homework _half _ advice_ money _ knowledge _boot _ blood _ music _ chicken _heat _mouth _bread _ information _milk _cow _tear _III.选择填空：1The deer has four _.A. foot B. feet C. feets D. foots2Her two brothers are both _.A. pol
9、iceman B. policemans C. policemen D. policemens3There are four _ and two _ in the group.A. Japanese, Germen B. Japaneses, Germen C. Japanese, Germans4Two _ would come to the village.A. woman-doctors B. women doctor C. women doctors D. woman doctors5Can you see nine _ in the picture? A. sheep B. dog
10、C. pig D. horse6The _ has two _.A. boys, watches B. boy, watch C. boy, watches D. boys, watch7The boy often brushes his _ before he goes to bed.A. tooth B. tooths C. teeth D. teeths8The Japanese _ will not leave China until she finishes her study.A. woman B. women C. man D. men9There are lots of _ i
11、n the basket on the table.A. tomatos B. tomato C. tomatoes D. tomatoss10. The cat caught two _ last night. A. mouses B. mice C. mouse D. mices 11.The boys have got C already.A. two bread B. two breads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread12. The old man wants a .A. six boxes of apples B. six
12、boxes of apple C. six box of apples D. six boxs of apples13. There b some in the river.A. is, fish B. are, fishs C. is, fishs D. are, fish14. Our English teacher often gives us _in English by e-mail.A. some good information B. some good informationsC. good informations D. a good information15.I woul
13、d like to have _.A. two glasses of milk B. two glass of milk C. two glasses of milks D. two glass of milks16.What are you listening to, Jack? _or_?A .Music, a news B. Music, news C. Musics, news D. Music, newes17.I have _to do on Sundays.A. many housework B. much housework C. many houseworks D. much
14、 houseworks18. Many farmers have got lots of _and got much money by selling the_.A. cow, beef B. cows, beef C. cow, beefs D. cows, beefs19.-Would you like some_? -Oh, yes, just a little.A. milk B. apple C. pears D. news20.How wonderful! The _is made of_.A. house, glass B. house, glasses C. houses, glass D. houses, glasses.翻译下面的短语。1.一些苹果汁_ 2.一些牛奶_3.一些绵羊_ 4.一些新闻_5.一些好主意_ 6.一些牙刷_ 7.一些家庭作业_8.一些纸_ 9.一些玻璃_ 10.一些牛肉_ 11.一些音乐_ 12.一些报纸3
